Baochang Cai

Bio: Baochang Cai is an academic researcher from Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine. The author has contributed to research in topics: Brucine & High-performance liquid chromatography. The author has an hindex of 30, co-authored 268 publications receiving 3840 citations. Previous affiliations of Baochang Cai include Zhejiang Chinese Medical University & Nanjing University.

Influence of lipid composition on the phase transition temperature of liposomes composed of both DPPC and HSPC.

Abstract: Objective: Phase transition of the lipid membrane is one of the most important properties of liposomes. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of molar ratio of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) on the phase transition temperature (Tm) of the liposomes.Materials and methods: The Tms of the liposomes with different phosphatidylcholine (PC) composition were determined by calcein release test and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).Results: Only one phase transition was observed for liposomes composed of both DPPC and HSPC, indicating that DPPC and HSPC might combine into one phase with single phase transition. The Tm of the liposomes composed of both DPPC and HSPC was directly dependent on the molar ratio of the two PCs. Moreover, DPPC percentage and Tm relationship could be fitted with a linear equation (r2 > 0.98). In addition, the serum stability of the liposomes at 37°C was directly increased with the increase of ...

Drug-in-cyclodextrin-in-liposomes: a promising delivery system for hydrophobic drugs

Abstract: Introduction: Recently, the entrapment of hydrophobic drugs in the form of water-soluble drug–cyclodextrin (CD) complex in liposomes has been investigated as a new strategy to combine the relative advantages of CDs and liposomes into one system, namely drug-in-CD-in-liposome (DCL) systems. Areas covered: For DCLs preparation, an overall understanding of the interaction between CDs and lipid components of liposomes is necessary and valuable. The present article reviews the preparation, characterization and application of DCLs, especially as antitumor or transdermal carriers. Double-loading technique, an interesting strategy to control release and increase drug-loading capacity, is also discussed. Expert opinion: DCL approach can be useful in increasing drug solubility and vesicles stability, in controlling the in vivo fate of hydrophobic drugs and in avoiding burst release of drug from the vesicles. To obtain stable DCL, the CDs should have a higher affinity to drug molecules compared with liposomal membra...

Hydroxymethylfurfural, A Versatile Platform Chemical Made from Renewable Resources

Abstract: Renewable Resources Robert-Jan van Putten,†,‡ Jan C. van der Waal,† Ed de Jong,*,† Carolus B. Rasrendra,‡,⊥ Hero J. Heeres,*,‡ and Johannes G. de Vries* †Avantium Chemicals, Zekeringstraat 29, 1014 BV Amsterdam, the Netherlands ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands DSM Innovative Synthesis BV, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, the Netherlands Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

Liposomal formulations in clinical use: An updated review

Abstract: Liposomes are the first nano drug delivery systems that have been successfully translated into real-time clinical applications. These closed bilayer phospholipid vesicles have witnessed many technical advances in recent years since their first development in 1965. Delivery of therapeutics by liposomes alters their biodistribution profile, which further enhances the therapeutic index of various drugs. Extensive research is being carried out using these nano drug delivery systems in diverse areas including the delivery of anti-cancer, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory drugs and therapeutic genes. The significant contribution of liposomes as drug delivery systems in the healthcare sector is known by many clinical products, e.g., Doxil®, Ambisome®, DepoDur™, etc. This review provides a detailed update on liposomal technologies e.g., DepoFoam™ Technology, Stealth technology, etc., the formulation aspects of clinically used products and ongoing clinical trials on liposomes.

Strategies to Address Low Drug Solubility in Discovery and Development

Abstract: Drugs with low water solubility are predisposed to low and variable oral bioavailability and, therefore, to variability in clinical response. Despite significant efforts to "design in" acceptable developability properties (including aqueous solubility) during lead optimization, approximately 40% of currently marketed compounds and most current drug development candidates remain poorly water-soluble. The fact that so many drug candidates of this type are advanced into development and clinical assessment is testament to an increasingly sophisticated understanding of the approaches that can be taken to promote apparent solubility in the gastrointestinal tract and to support drug exposure after oral administration. Here we provide a detailed commentary on the major challenges to the progression of a poorly water-soluble lead or development candidate and review the approaches and strategies that can be taken to facilitate compound progression. In particular, we address the fundamental principles that underpin the use of strategies, including pH adjustment and salt-form selection, polymorphs, cocrystals, cosolvents, surfactants, cyclodextrins, particle size reduction, amorphous solid dispersions, and lipid-based formulations. In each case, the theoretical basis for utility is described along with a detailed review of recent advances in the field. The article provides an integrated and contemporary discussion of current approaches to solubility and dissolution enhancement but has been deliberately structured as a series of stand-alone sections to allow also directed access to a specific technology (e.g., solid dispersions, lipid-based formulations, or salt forms) where required.