Showing papers by "Barbara Griefahn published in 1999"
TL;DR: The present experiments investigate the relation between fixation disparity and the nonius bias, which is the physical offset of thenonius lines that is adjusted by the observer in order to perceive them as aligned when both nonius lines are presented to both eyes.
30 citations
TL;DR: Both experiments revealed that ISO 2631 is qualitatively valid, the weighting of lateral motions above 1.6 Hz, however, should be increased in order to meet the actual sensitivity particularly in case of multi-axis vibrations.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an interdisciplinary study was made to compare the annoyance responses to railway noise and to road traffic noise, and the results showed that the general annoyance (24 h, by day and at night) is less for railway than for road traffic noises at equal noise levels.
Abstract: An interdisciplinary study was made to compare the annoyance responses to railway noise and to road traffic noise. Acoustical measurements were taken in eight areas to assess the noise levels caused by railway and road traffic noise. Road traffic noise was predominant in four of the eight areas and railway noise in the other four areas. A total of 1600 residents were interviewed. The data allow the individuals’ annoyance responses to be related to the individual noise levels for each of the two sources. Some preliminary results of the not yet completed study with regard to the relative annoyance by the two sources are described. The general annoyance (24 h, by day and at night) is less for railway than for road traffic noise at equal noise levels. Also, the disturbances at night attributed to railway noise are less than those attributed to road traffic noise. In the daytime, the difference in the disturbance between railway and road traffic noise depends on the disturbance aspect considered: With regard t...
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an interdisciplinary study examining questioned annoyance reactions (day and night time reactions) and also measuring sleep disturbance was conducted, in eight areas (four areas with predominant road traffic noise and four area with predominant railway noise).
Abstract: Former studies have discovered differences in annoyance reactions determined by questionnaire between railway and road traffic noise. The night time disturbance reactions caused by road traffic noise showed greater scores at the same noise levels than those caused by railway noise. Therefore an interdisciplinary study examining questioned annoyance reactions (day and night time reactions) and also measuring sleep disturbance was conducted. In eight areas—four areas with predominant road traffic noise and four areas with predominant railway noise—acoustical, psychological, and physiological data were gathered. Acoustical indices for both sources were calculated for all subjects using German standards. For subjects taking part in the physiological examination, acoustical measurements indoor and outdoor the bedroom have beeen taken in 10 nights per area. The physiological measurements of sleep disturbance have been taken by actimetry. The acoustical measurements show typical differences between railway and r...
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of timing of sleep determined by working hours, preferences of sleeping times related to individual factors like eveningness, age, gender, etc., was estimated by actimetry and sleep logs.
Abstract: Mainly, laboratory studies revealed traffic noise as a dominant environmental cause of sleep disturbances. They are less suitable to reflect situational or individual factors. In many countries noise pollution is limited at the legally defined night hours. Hence, the aim was to estimate the influence of timing of sleep determined by working hours, preferences of sleeping times related to individual factors like eveningness, age, gender, etc. During 10 nights, the sleep of 377 apparently healthy people was indicated by actimetry and sleep logs and related to the individual outdoor noise levels emitted either by railway or by road traffic. As expected, indicators of sleep were found to depend on timing of sleep and on individual variables as age, morning–eveningness, etc., whereas none of the various parameters of noise revealed significant relations to sleep disorders. However, source‐related outdoor noise did not meet the real situation indoors. The impact of railway/road traffic noise on sleep at home ca...
1 citations
TL;DR: An interdisciplinary field study examining the annoyance by rail and road traffic noise with special regard to sleep disturbance was carried out, and the noise induced responses were determined by questionnaires and physiological measurement of sleep disturbance.
Abstract: An interdisciplinary field study examining the annoyance by rail and road traffic noise with special regard to sleep disturbance was carried out. The noise induced responses were determined by questionnaires and physiological measurement of sleep disturbance. For subjects taking part in the physiological examination, acoustical measurements have been taken inside and outside the bedroom. The individual noise levels for all subjects have been calculated using the German standards RLS90 and Schall03. As input variables (such as number and speed of passing trains or vehicles) for these calculations on one hand measured data and on the other hand official data have been used. Whereas the measured data deliver reliable information about the traffic during the physiological measurements, the official data mostly refer to maximum (e.g., speed) or average values. Furthermore, the noise levels have been calculated for different measurement points. Thus, together with the measured noise levels a variety of subject ...
1 citations