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Bart van Hoek

Other affiliations: Leiden University
Bio: Bart van Hoek is an academic researcher from Leiden University Medical Center. The author has contributed to research in topics: Liver transplantation & Transplantation. The author has an hindex of 32, co-authored 144 publications receiving 7572 citations. Previous affiliations of Bart van Hoek include Leiden University.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Telaprevir combined with peginterferon plus ribavirin significantly improved rates of sustained virologic response in patients with previously treated HCV infection, regardless of whether there was a lead-in phase.
Abstract: Methods In this randomized, phase 3 trial, we evaluated the addition of telaprevir to peginter feron alfa-2a plus ribavirin in patients with HCV genotype 1 infection who had no response or a partial response to previous therapy or who had a relapse after an initial response. A total of 663 patients were assigned to one of three groups: the T12PR48 group, which received telaprevir for 12 weeks and peginterferon plus ribavirin for a total of 48 weeks; the lead-in T12PR48 group, which received 4 weeks of peginterferon plus ribavirin followed by 12 weeks of telaprevir and peginterferon plus ribavirin for a total of 48 weeks; and the control group (PR48), which received peginterferon plus ribavirin for 48 weeks. The primary end point was the rate of sustained virologic response, which was defined as undetectable HCV RNA 24 weeks after the last planned dose of a study drug. Results Rates of sustained virologic response were significantly higher in the two telaprevir groups than in the control group among patients who had a previous relapse (83% in the T12PR48 group, 88% in the lead-in T12PR48 group, and 24% in the PR48 group), a partial response (59%, 54%, and 15%, respectively), and no response (29%, 33%, and 5%, respectively) (P<0.001 for all comparisons). Grade 3 adverse events (mainly anemia, neutropenia, and leukopenia) were more frequent in the telaprevir groups than in the control group (37% vs. 22%). Conclusions Telaprevir combined with peginterferon plus ribavirin significantly improved rates of sustained virologic response in patients with previously treated HCV infection, re gardless of whether there was a lead-in phase. (Funded by Tibotec and Vertex Phar maceuticals; REALIZE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00703118.)

1,558 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: More patients with hepatocellular carcinoma could be candidates for transplantation if the current dual approach to candidacy, based on the strict Milan criteria, were replaced with a more precise estimation of survival contouring individual tumour characteristics and use of the up-to-seven criteria.
Abstract: Summary Background Patients undergoing liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria (single tumour ≤5 cm in size or ≤3 tumours each ≤3 cm in size, and no macrovascular invasion) have an excellent outcome. However, survival for patients with cancers that exceed these criteria remains unpredictable and access to transplantation is a balance of maximising patients' chances of cure and organ availability. The aim of this study was to explore the survival of patients with tumours that exceed the Milan criteria, to assess whether the criteria could be less restrictive, enabling more patients to qualify as transplant candidates, and to derive a prognostic model based on objective tumour characteristics, to see whether the Milan criteria could be expanded. Methods Data on patients who underwent transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma despite exceeding Milan criteria at different centres were recorded via a web-based survey completed by specialists from each centre. The survival of these patients was correlated retrospectively with the size of the largest tumour nodule, number of nodules, and presence or absence of microvascular invasion detected at pathology. Contoured multivariable regression Cox models produced survival estimates by means of different combinations of the covariates. The primary aim of this study was to derive a prognostic model of overall survival based on tumour characteristics, according to the main parameters used in the Tumour Node Metastasis classification. The secondary aim was the identification of a subgroup of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma exceeding the Milan criteria, who achieved a 5-year overall survival of at least 70%—ie, similar to the outcome expected for patients who meet the Milan criteria. Findings Over a 10-month period, between June 25, 2006, and April 3, 2007, data for 1556 patients who underwent transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma were entered on the database by 36 centres. 1112 patients had hepatocellular carcinoma exceeding Milan criteria and 444 patients had hepatocellular carcinoma shown not to exceed Milan criteria at post-transplant pathology review. In the group of patients with hepatocellular carcinomas exceeding the criteria, the median size of the largest nodule was 40 mm (range 4–200) and the median number of nodules was four (1–20). 454 of 1112 patients (41%) had microvascular invasion and, for those transplanted outside the Milan criteria, 5-year overall survival was 53·6% (95% CI 50·1–57·0), compared with 73·3% (68·2–77·7) for those that met the criteria. Hazard ratios (HR) associated with increasing values of size and number were 1·34 (1·25–1·44) and 1·51 (1·21–1·88), respectively. The effect was linear for size, whereas for number of tumours, the effect tended to plateau above three tumours. The effect of tumour size and number on survival was mediated by recurrence (b=0·08, SE=0·12, p=0·476). The presence of microvascular invasion doubled HRs in all scenarios. The 283 patients without microvascular invasion, but who fell within the Up-to-seven criteria (hepatocellular carcinomas with seven as the sum of the size of the largest tumour [in cm] and the number of tumours) achieved a 5-year overall survival of 71·2% (64·3–77·0). Interpretation More patients with hepatocellular carcinoma could be candidates for transplantation if the current dual (yes/no) approach to candidacy, based on the strict Milan criteria, were replaced with a more precise estimation of survival contouring individual tumour characteristics and use of the up-to-seven criteria. Funding Specific funding was not used to do this study.

1,547 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study exemplifies that, for relatively rare diseases, it is paramount to collect observational data from large, population‐based cohorts, because incidence and prevalence rates of PSC are markedly lower and survival much longer than previously reported.

493 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An open-label study assessing the safety and efficacy of ledipasvir, sofosbuvir, and ribavirin in patients with HCV genotype 1 or 4 and advanced liver disease found high rates of sustained virological response 12 weeks after treatment.
Abstract: Summary Background Treatment options are limited for patients infected by hepatitis C virus (HCV) with advanced liver disease. We assessed the safety and efficacy of ledipasvir, sofosbuvir, and ribavirin in patients with HCV genotype 1 or 4 and advanced liver disease. Methods We did an open-label study at 34 sites in Europe, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Cohort A included patients with Child-Turcotte-Pugh class B (CTP-B) or CTP-C cirrhosis who had not undergone liver transplantation. Cohort B included post-transplantation patients who had either no cirrhosis; CTP-A, CTP-B, or CTP-C cirrhosis; or fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis. Patients in each group were randomly assigned (1:1) using a computer-generated randomisation sequence to receive 12 or 24 weeks of ledipasvir (90 mg) and sofosbuvir (400 mg) once daily (combination tablet), plus ribavirin (600–1200 mg daily). The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving a sustained virological response 12 weeks after treatment (SVR12). All patients who received at least one dose of study drug were included in the safety analysis and all patients who received at least one dose of study drug and did not undergo liver transplantation during treatment were included in the efficacy analyses. Estimates of SVR12 and relapse rates and their two-sided 90% CI (Clopper-Pearson method) were provided. This exploratory phase 2 study was not powered for formal comparisons among treatment groups; no statistical hypothesis testing was planned or conducted. The trial is registered with EudraCT (number 2013-002802-30) and ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT02010255). Findings Between Jan 14, 2014, and Aug 19, 2014, 398 patients were screened. Of 333 patients who received treatment, 296 had genotype 1 HCV and 37 had genotype 4 HCV. In cohort A, among patients with genotype 1 HCV, SVR12 was achieved by 20 (87%, 90% CI 70–96) of 23 CTP-B patients with 12 weeks of treatment; 22 (96%, 81–100) of 23 CTP-B patients with 24 weeks of treatment; 17 (85%, 66–96) of 20 CTP-C patients (12 weeks treatment); and 18 (78%, 60–91) of 23 CTP-C patients (24 weeks treatment). In cohort B, among patients with genotype 1 HCV, SVR12 was achieved by 42 (93%, 84–98) of 45 patients without cirrhosis (12 weeks treatment); 44 (100%, 93–100) of 44 patients without cirrhosis (24 weeks treatment); 30 (100%, 91–100) of 30 CTP-A patients (12 weeks treatment); 27 (96%, 84–100) of 28 CTP-A patients (24 weeks treatment); 19 (95%, 78–100) of 20 CTP-B patients (12 weeks treatment); 20 (100%, 86–100) of 20 CTP-B patients (24 weeks treatment); one (50%, 3–98) of two CTP-C patients (12 weeks treatment); and four (80%, 34–99) of five CTP-C patients (24 weeks treatment). All five patients with fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis achieved SVR12 (100%, 90% CI 55–100). Among all patients with genotype 4 HCV, SVR12 was achieved by 14 (78%, 56–92) of 18 patients (12 weeks treatment) and 16 (94%, 75–100) of 17 patients (24 weeks treatment). Seven patients (2%) discontinued ledipasvir–sofosbuvir prematurely due to adverse events. 17 patients died, mainly from complications of hepatic decompensation. Interpretation Ledipasvir–sofosbuvir and ribavirin provided high rates of SVR12 for patients with advanced liver disease, including those with decompensated cirrhosis before or after liver transplantation. Funding Gilead Sciences.

409 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 2000-Blood
TL;DR: Factor V Leiden mutation and hereditary protein C deficiency appear to be important risk factors for Budd-Chiari syndrome and PVT, and the coexistence of thrombogenic risk factors in many patients indicates that BCS and PVt can be the result of a combined effect of different pathogenetic mechanisms.

362 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The following Clinical Practice Guidelines will give up-to-date advice for the clinical management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as providing an in-depth review of all the relevant data leading to the conclusions herein.

7,851 citations

01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: Since the publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) practice guidelines on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 2005, new information has emerged that requires that the guidelines be updated.
Abstract: Since the publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) practice guidelines on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 2005, new information has emerged that requires that the guidelines be updated. The full version of the new guidelines is available on the AASLD Web site at http://www.aasld.org/practiceguidelines/ Documents/Bookmarked%20Practice%20Guidelines/ HCCUpdate2010.pdf. Here, we briefly describe only new or changed recommendations.

6,642 citations