Ten patients are presented with tumours complying with the criteria established by the World Health Organization for `mixed tumours of the lung9. A slowly growing intrabronchial neoplasm indistinguishable from a pleomorphic adenoma (mixed salivary tumour) and a peripheral circumscribed tumour with most of the features of a chondromatous hamartoma were considered benign. Of eight malignant neoplasms two were regarded as `pulmonary blastomas9, one with a benign epithelial tubular component and the other with cytological evidence of malignancy in the tubular epithelium; in both, the stroma was `embryonic9 and pleomorphic. Three tumours were considered carcinosarcomas with a mainly epidermoid epithelial component and a pleomorphic spindle-cell connective tissue component. In the remaining three tumours the malignant epithelial component showed mixed, viz., epidermoid, tubular, and a variety of undifferentiated appearances, while the `stroma9 exhibited features seen in both blastomas and carcinosarcomas. These three neoplasms were considered `transitional9. The spectrum of appearances encountered constitutes, in our opinion, a serious objection to the thesis that peripheral pulmonary blastomas and carcinosarcomas are distinct entities with a separate histogenesis. Exceptions were found to `blastomas9 being peripheral and carcinosarcomas being central growths. A case is made for reclassification of the benign and malignant neoplasms included in the WHO group IX `mixed tumours of the lung9.

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Benign and malignant mixed tumours of the lung

Objective. Bronchopul- monary carcinosarcoma is a very rare tumor and the prognosis of pa- tients with carcinosarcoma is as- sessed as unfavourable. The prob- lems concerning diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis after resection treat- ment are discussed with reference to our seven cases and with considera- tion of the pertinent literature. Methods. The retrospective data of seven patients with pulmonary car- cinosarcoma were analysed. All were staged postoperatively according to the international TNM staging system. The diagnosis was verified by immunohistochemical investiga- tion. The prognosis of the patients with carcinosarcoma was compared with the prognosis of patients with non-small cell carcinoma of the lung.

Pulmonary carcinosarcoma: diagnostic problems and determinants of the prognosis.

Carcinosarcoma of the lung. Report of a case and review of the literature.

We report the fourth case of an osteoclastoma-like giant cell tumour of the renal pelvis. A special feature was that although thorough sampling of the tumour showed an osteoclastoma-like pattern throughout, it was intimately associated with carcinoma in situ change of the adjacent transitional epithelium and this provides further support for the view that these tumours are of epithelial derivation. However, immunohistological and ultrastructural studies failed to reveal epithelial features within the tumour cells and the possible significance of this finding is discussed.

Malignant osteoclastoma‐like giant cell tumour of the renal pelvis

A case of endobronchial carcinosarcoma is reported in which a small area of epidermoid carcinoma at the base of the partly necrotic, polypoid part of the tumor was found, and where the pulmonary invasive part consisted of osteosarcoma. To our knowledge such a case has not been published before. In the literature 23 cases of endobronchial carcinosarcoma were found. All but one of those alive at the time of diagnosis were considered operable. The first year survival rate of the reviewed and the reported cases was 36% of all or 42% of the resected cases. The figures for bronchial carcinoma are 33% or 62% of the resected cases. The pre- and post-operative mortality for endobronchial carcinosarcoma was 23%. Because follow-up was too short, the 5 year survival rate cannot be estimated. Features common to pulmonary sarcoma and pseudosarcoma of the upper respiratory tract are also discussed.

Bergmann L

Papers

On a carcinosarcoma of the lung