http://www.bwgriffin.com/gsu/courses/edur7130/content/Qualitative_content_analysis_Graneheim_Lundman_2003.pdf

Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness

Aim This paper is a description of inductive and deductive content analysis. Background Content analysis is a method that may be used with either qualitative or quantitative data and in an inductive or deductive way. Qualitative content analysis is commonly used in nursing studies but little has been published on the analysis process and many research books generally only provide a short description of this method. Discussion When using content analysis, the aim was to build a model to describe the phenomenon in a conceptual form. Both inductive and deductive analysis processes are represented as three main phases: preparation, organizing and reporting. The preparation phase is similar in both approaches. The concepts are derived from the data in inductive content analysis. Deductive content analysis is used when the structure of analysis is operationalized on the basis of previous knowledge. Conclusion Inductive content analysis is used in cases where there are no previous studies dealing with the phenomenon or when it is fragmented. A deductive approach is useful if the general aim was to test a previous theory in a different situation or to compare categories at different time periods.

/pdf/the-qualitative-content-analysis-process-4mo68rv7vy.pdf

The qualitative content analysis process

Qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis are two commonly used approaches in data analysis of nursing research, but boundaries between the two have not been clearly specified. In other words, they are being used interchangeably and it seems difficult for the researcher to choose between them. In this respect, this paper describes and discusses the boundaries between qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis and presents implications to improve the consistency between the purpose of related studies and the method of data analyses. This is a discussion paper, comprising an analytical overview and discussion of the definitions, aims, philosophical background, data gathering, and analysis of content analysis and thematic analysis, and addressing their methodological subtleties. It is concluded that in spite of many similarities between the approaches, including cutting across data and searching for patterns and themes, their main difference lies in the opportunity for quantification of data. It means that measuring the frequency of different categories and themes is possible in content analysis with caution as a proxy for significance.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nhs.12048

Content analysis and thematic analysis: Implications for conducting a qualitative descriptive study

Qualitative content analysis is commonly used for analyzing qualitative data. However, few articles have examined the trustworthiness of its use in nursing science studies. The trustworthiness of q...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2158244014522633

Qualitative Content Analysis: A Focus on Trustworthiness

Consensus methods such as the Delphi survey technique are being employed to help enhance effective decision-making in health and social care. The Delphi survey is a group facilitation technique, which is an iterative multistage process, designed to transform opinion into group consensus. It is a flexible approach, that is used commonly within the health and social sciences, yet little guidance exists to help researchers undertake this method of data collection. This paper aims to provide an understanding of the preparation, action steps and difficulties that are inherent within the Delphi. Used systematically and rigorously, the Delphi can contribute significantly to broadening knowledge within the nursing profession. However, careful thought must be given before using the method; there are key issues surrounding problem identification, researcher skills and data presentation that must be addressed. The paper does not claim to be definitive; it purports to act as a guide for those researchers who wish to exploit the Delphi methodology.

Research guidelines for the Delphi survey technique.

Part I:The Scientific Research Process Introduction to Nursing Research Overview of the Research Process Research Problems, Research Questions, and Hypotheses Part II:Contexts for Nursing Research The Knowledge Context:Literature Reviews Conceptual and Theoretical Contexts The Ethical Context of Nursing Research Part III:Designs for Nursing Research Selecting a Research Design Research Design for Quantitative Studies Research Control in Quantitative Research Qualitative Research Design and Approaches Integration of Qualitative and Quantitative Designs Sampling Designs Part IV:Measurement and Data Collection Designing and Implementing a Data Collection Plan Self-Reports Observational Methods Biophysiologic and Other Data Collection Methods Assessing Data Quality Part IV:The Analysis of Research Data Quantitative Analysis:Descriptive Statistics Inferential Statistics Multivariate Statistical Procedures Designing and Implementing a Quantitative Analysis Strategy The Analysis of Qualitative Data Computers and Nursing Research Part VI:Communication in the Research Process Writing a Research Report Evaluating Research Reports Utilization of Nursing Research Writing a Research Proposal Index

Nursing Research: Principles and Methods

This study guide is intended to accompany the third edition of "Essentials of Nursing Research", an introduction and refresher to nursing research.

Study guide for essentials of nursing research : methods, appraisal, and utilization

An instructor's manual to accompany "Nursing Research: Principles and Methods", ISBN: 0-397-5205-X.

Instructor's manual for nursing research : principles and methods

Study guide for nursing research : principles and methods

1. Foundations of Nursing Research 2. Conceptualizing a Research Study 3. Designs for Nursing Research 4. Measurement and Data Collection 5. The Analysis of Research Data 6. Communicating Research 7. Using Research Results 8. Research Report

Bernadette P. Hungler

Papers

Nursing Research: Principles and Methods

Study guide for essentials of nursing research : methods, appraisal, and utilization

Instructor's manual for nursing research : principles and methods

Study guide for nursing research : principles and methods

Study guide to accompany Nursing research : principles and methods