Bettina Brandt

Bio: Bettina Brandt is an academic researcher from Pennsylvania State University. The author has contributed to research in topics: The Holocaust & Shadow (psychology). The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 6 publications receiving 65 citations.

Avant-Garde and Neo-Avant-Garde: An Attempt to Answer Certain Critics of Theory of the Avant-Garde

Abstract: Peter Burger reflects on the reception of his Theory of the Avant-Garde and crafts a spirited response to his critics, while expanding on and refining his original claims. For Burger, what continues to distinguish the avant-garde are two interrelated principles: the attack on the institution of art and the revolutionary transformation of everyday life. Underscoring the explicitly theoretical, rather than merely historical, thrust of this definition, he defends this generalizing strategy as a necessary means of achieving clarity about the changing role of art in society. He reiterates his argument about the failure of the historical avant-garde (to overcome the distinction of art and life), while placing a new emphasis on its equal measure of success (in transforming the internal logic of the art institution). The avant-garde’s appropriation of outdated and popular materials, for example, played a key role in challenging the norms of the art world, helping to bring about the leveling of distinctions often associated with postmodernism. On the one hand, the avant-garde failed in its attempt to revolutionize social reality; on the other hand, its impact on the norms and values of the art institution was significant and far-reaching. Contemporary or neo-avant-gardes remain caught on the horns of this contradiction, insofar as their aesthetic experiments—whatever the explicit intentions of the artist—only shore up the walls of the institution rather than breaking them down.

Taming Foreign Speech: Language Politics in Shadow Plays around 1800

Abstract: ABSTRACT:This article examines three German (shadow) puppet plays from the Napoleonic and post-Napoleonic period—Achim von Arnim's Das Loch, oder: das wiedergefundene Paradies, Christian Brentano's Der unglückliche Franzose oder der Deutschen Freiheit Himmelfahrt and Ludwig Tieck's Hanswurst als Emigrant—through the lens of an aesthetic dissemination theory posited by Georg Jacob, the German founder of Turkology. While Jacob stressed the structural analogies between Turkish and German shadow plays, this article examines whether such a comparison is fruitful, and explores its limits in the face of the emergence of German nationalism.

Introduction: The Politics of Archives

Abstract: The archive has become a popular metaphor in German Studies. Among those working in German-Turkish studies, for instance, Leslie Adelson focused our attention on the importance of the “reconfigurations of the German national archive” (12), in her groundbreaking The Turkish Turn in Contemporary German Literature in which she examined such reconfigurations in literary texts by Aras Ören, Emine Sevgi Özdamar, and Zafer Senoçak. Around that time, B. Venkat Mani also made use of the archival metaphor when analyzing Emine Sevgi Özdamar’s second novel Die Brücke vom Goldenen Horn as both “a site of construction [. . .] and an archive” (30). In 2011, Michael Rothberg and Yasemin Yildiz, in a joint project located at the intersection of migrant and Holocaust studies, introduced the term migrant archives to address and underline the importance of transcultural Holocaust remembrance projects in Germany today. Given its ties to poststructuralist theory (Foucault, Derrida), and the elasticity of its connotation, it seems safe to say that the archive as a broad metaphor for thinking about questions related to cultural memory, nation states in a globalizing world, minorities, and agency will continue to do significant theoretical work going forward. Simultaneously and symptomatic of our times, German Studies scholars, including those working in various contemporary fields, as well as contemporary writers and artists, have increased their interactions with concrete archives. Several of the essays included in this special issue, as we will see in a moment, reflect upon how working with specific archives, that is to say with sites of institutional and administrative power or artists and publishers archives rather than “sites of memory” (Nora), contribute to the analytical questions raised by the archive as metaphor, and alter our understanding of the present. Physical archives, whether private or public, located inside larger cultural institutions or standing alone, can be described just as much by what they don’t contain, as by what they do. They do, certainly, make us seriously contemplate established narratives about a (recent) past. Archived materials tend to bring out connections and allow for imaginative associations that may destabilize existing homogenous narratives. In touching archival materials and bringing them back to life, we allow the past to break through into our present, as we critically rethink the immediacy of the latter. Let us return to the intersection of German Studies and migration once more. In the subfield of German-Turkish Studies, for instance, a field that by-

United Nations High Commission for Refugees

Abstract: 4. UNHCR notes with concern that although the country acceded to the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol in 1999, incorporation of the 1951 Convention obligations into national legislation and normative acts has been slow and to date Kazakhstan has failed to comply with its obligation to give full effect to the Covenant in the domestic legal order, inter alia providing for effective judicial and other remedies for violations of these rights

Beyond The Mother Tongue The Postmonolingual Condition

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Hegel and Colonialism

Abstract: This article explores the implications of Hegel’s Philosophy of World History with respect to colonialism. For Hegel, freedom can be recognized and practised only in classical, Christian and modern Europe; therefore, the world’s other peoples can acquire freedom only if Europeans impose their civilization upon them. Although this imposition denies freedom to colonized peoples, this denial is legitimate for Hegel because it is the sole condition on which these peoples can gain freedom in the longer term. The article then considers whether Hegel’s basic account of freedom can be extricated from his Eurocentric and pro-colonialist interpretation of the course of history. The article argues that matters are more complicated because that interpretation has significant connections with Hegel’s conception of freedom as self-determination.