Bhaskara Rao Perli

Bio: Bhaskara Rao Perli is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Digital watermarking & Watermark. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 9 citations.

Digital image watermarking in frequency domain

Abstract: Watermarking is a technology that complements cryptography by embedding imperceptible signals in work. Information hiding techniques have recently become important in a number of application areas. Digital audio, video and images are increasingly furnished with distinguishing but imperceptible marks, which may contain a hidden copyright notice that helps to prevent unauthorized copying directly. One approach is to introduce an invisible image known as digital watermark, into an image sequence. This paper presents secured algorithms for embedding digital watermarks into images. The proposed method performs imperceptible watermarking of images in frequency domain. The watermark is embedded in the DWT and DCT domain of an image in a multi-resolution way. In the decoding phase, once the watermark is extracted from the watermarked image, certain performance measures such as peak signal to mean noise ratio (PSNR) and correlation are calculated. Different types of attacks have been applied to the watermarked image to test the robustness of the applied technique and for each case, PSNR and correlation are calculated. Even though DWT method gives better results when compared to DCT, performances of both methods are good.

Design and Experimental Analysis of Dual-Port Antenna with High Isolation for 5G Sub 6 GHz: n77/n78/n79 and WiFi-5 Bands Applications

Abstract: The work details the development of a two-port arc-shaped Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna with enhanced isolation characteristics. The proposed dual-port MIMO provides a wide impedance bandwidth of 3.28–5.93 GHz and a maximum isolation of 27 dB between elements in the operating frequency band. A reduced ground plane is utilized to obtain the wideband characteristics for the proposed antenna. The major applications covered by the antenna include sub-6 GHz: n77/n78/n79 and WiFi-5 bands. The important MIMO parameters such as Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Mean Effective Gain (MEG), Diversity Gain (DG) and Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC) are presented to estimate the performance of the developed antenna in the MIMO environment.

Next Generation Noise and Affine Invariant Video Watermarking Scheme Using Harris Feature Extraction

Abstract: Digital watermarking always attracts the attention of researchers from early nineties to present scenario, in the ever changing world of digital creation, transmission and modification of information. In this paper we draw our attention towards a next generation of digital watermarking based on specific features of digital information using Harris corner detection (strongest) method. In this scheme first twenty strongest corner points obtained using Harris method are used as a reference for embedding watermark information and to retain the synchronization information after distortions. The scheme is time efficient as only twenty strongest corner points per frame are computed. Hence the proposed scheme is useful for time constrained applications. The experimental results confirms that the suggested scheme show a adequate level of resilience against the majority of image processing attacks together with affine transformations.

Digital Image Watermarking Method Based on LSB and DWT Hybrid Technique

Abstract: The watermarking technique can be considered as an important mechanism to protect the Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) of multimedia contents. Currently, most of multimedia contents are exchanged online in a digital form, which exposes the content to be illegal alteration easily without recognize theoffenders. Digital watermarking is used to embed a watermark into the digital media in such away that can not be discovered from the original watermarked data. Consequently, the watermark can be removed and used to verify the copyright ownership of that digital media. In this paper, a hybrid watermarking technique based on Least Significant Bit (LSB) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is introduced and explained.. In order to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid technique in terms of robustness and imperceptibility, a comparison between the three techniques is also presented. This comparison was carried out using Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), and Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM). The SSIM results were very close to 1, which means that the recovered watermarks from watermarked image were not distorted in the three cases. The PSNR and MSE values show that the quality of the watermarked images using the proposed technique is better compared to that watermarked images using standalone LSB and DWT. Moreover, the results prove that the proposed hybrid technique was more effective in terms of robustness and imperceptibility compared to LSB and DWT techniques

Digital Image Watermarking using Tenth Root of Exponential Function

Abstract: In this paper, digital image watermarking using tenth root of exponential transformation has been introduced in the frequency domain. In the proposed technique, the secrete image is first encrypted and compressed using exponential function and then embedded into the host image. The resultant images obtained from the proposed algorithm is subjected for various security attacks and the results are compared with the other existing algorithms. The results obtained are better compared to the existing techniques.

Image Watermarking between Conventional and Learning-Based Techniques: A Literature Review

Abstract: Currently, most transactions and exchanges are conducted through the Internet thanks to technological tools, running the risk of the falsification and distortion of information. This is due to the massive demand for the virtual world and its easy access to anyone. Image watermarking has recently emerged as one of the most important areas for protecting content and enhancing durability and resistance to these kinds of attacks. However, there is currently no integrated technology able to repel all possible kinds of attacks; the main objective of each technology remains limited to specific types of applications, meaning there are multiple opportunities to contribute to the development of this field. Recently, the image watermarking field has gained significant benefits from the sudden popularity of deep learning and its outstanding success in the field of information security. Thus, in this article, we will describe the bridge by which the watermarking field has evolved from traditional technology to intelligent technologies based on deep learning.

A Color Image Watermarking Scheme Against Geometric Rotation Attacks Based on HVS and DCT-DWT

Abstract: In view of poor robustness and weak resistance to geometric attack of traditional image watermarking algorithm, this paper proposes a color blind watermarking algorithm based on the combination of wavelet intermediate frequency (DWT) and discrete cosine transform (DCT). First, the original image is transformed from the RGB color spaces into the YCbCr color spaces in which the watermark is embedded into all the three color spaces. Then, the position in which watermark was embedded was chosen by Human Visual System (HVS), and the watermarking embedding is achieved by the proposed algorithm based on DCT and DWT transform. In this process, Zernike moments are used for rotation correction. The experimental results show that the algorithm is robust, and the invisible watermarking’s ability of anti–geometric –attacking has been improved.