Bibhuti Bhusan Kakoti

Bio: Bibhuti Bhusan Kakoti is an academic researcher from Dibrugarh University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Phytochemical & Antioxidant. The author has an hindex of 10, co-authored 32 publications receiving 400 citations. Previous affiliations of Bibhuti Bhusan Kakoti include Jadavpur University.

Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Effect of Methanol Extract of Artanema sesamoides in Streptatozocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract: Summary: The methanol extract of Artanema sesamoides Benth (Scrophuilariaceae) (MEAS) was found to have potent antidiabetic activity that reduces blood sugar level in streptatozocin-(STZ) induced diabetic rats. In this study, the acute and subacute (15 days) anti hyperglycemic effect of the two different doses (200 and 400 mg/kg b.w.p.o) of MEAS were investigated. Glybenclamide was used as a reference drug at a dose of 0.5mg/kg b.w. Fasting blood glucose level, serum insulin level, lipid profiles, and biomarkers enzymes were evaluated in normal and diabetic rats. While the liver glycogen level and kidney and liver anti oxidant system also were additionally evaluated. Supplementation of this extract by gavage significantly reduces the fasting blood glucose level. Moreover this supplementation significantly increases the glycogen level in liver (25.84 ± 1.52) as compare to diabetic control (12.31 ± 0.63) (P<0.001). Elevated serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), and alkaline phosphatase (SALP) were diminished significantly by the treatment of MEAS in respect to diabetic group. The antioxidant activity was studied in liver and kidney tissues by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase levels. In the MEAS treated groups, the HDL/LDL ratio was improved and cholesterol and triglycerides levels also decreased significantly. Histopathological studies of pancreas, liver, and kidney in diabetic and extract treated groups substantiate the cytoprotective action of extract. All the above mentioned parameters were restored to the control level. Industrial relevance: Herbal formulations are getting more importance in the treatment of diabetes, cancer and hepatic disorder because of the hazardous adverse effects of the current therapy. Especially diabetes can be controlled by Allopathic medicine as well as Herbal medicine. In case of Allopathic medicine, complete cure and tolerance are major problems. Herbal medicine has significant action, free from side effects and cost effective. Nowadays lots of herbal formulations are available as tablets and other dosage forms. This study would be helpful for the industry to produce herbal formulation with less side effects and cost effective treatment for diabetes. Moreover in vivo models were utilized to test the antidiabetic property and it will be useful for fix the optimized dose in herbal formulation. The findings of the bioactive molecule from the herbals would be effective drug target against the diabetes.

Isolation and characterization of the new indigenous Staphylococcus sp. DBOCP06 as a probiotic bacterium from traditionally fermented fish and meat products of Assam state

Abstract: Traditionally fermented fish and meat products are known for their probiotic values. An approach was made for the very first time to isolate and characterize novel indigenous probiotic bacterial strains from traditionally fermented fish and meat products of Assam, India, which is known as the biodiversity hotspot of the country with largely unexplored economically important microorganisms. The most potent probiotic isolate was identified as Staphylococcus sp. DBOCP6 (GenBank accession no. KR706310) on the basis of 16S rDNA sequencing technique. The new isolate was found to be non-hemolytic and nonpathogenic on the basis of its susceptibility against broad and narrow spectrum antibiotics. It shows antagonistic effect against E. coli MTCC 40. Its viability in presence of lysozyme, bile salt (4%), and a pH range of 1–10 signifies its ability to survive throughout the gastrointestinal tract. It also shows significant value of hydrophobicity (33.1%) along with a higher value of auto-aggregation (71.43%) indicates its ability to adhere to the intestinal wall on the basis of its cell surface traits. The high thermal death point of the isolate (100 °C) indicates its suitability for further commercial exploitation. Based on the above observations, it could be concluded that the novel Staphylococcus sp. strain DBOCP6 can serve as a potential probiotic candidate for industrial exploitation.

Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Methanolic Stem Bark Extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn.

Abstract: Stem bark of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. was extracted in methanol to evaluate their analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The analgesic activity was determined on Wistar albino rats by hot plate method, tail flick assay, and tail immersion method using Morphine sulphate as standard drug at a dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight and the results were expressed as mean increase in latency after drug administration ± SEM. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by Carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema using diclofenac sodium as standard drug at a dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight and expressed in terms of mean increase in paw volume ± SEM. Stem bark extract was given at a dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of body weight. Both standard drugs and extract were administered orally to the animals. Control received distilled water orally. Results showed that Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. had potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.

Review on ethnobotany and phytopharmacology of cordia dichotoma

Abstract: Cordia dichotoma is a tree of tropical and subtropical regionsIt grows in sub-Himalayan tract and outer ranges, ascending up to about 1500 m elevation Native: India, Nepal As a qualitative assay, for the presence of the plant phytoconstituents such as carbohydrates, alkaloids,  glycosides,flavonoids, tannins and saponins Various parts of this plant such as leaves,root as, seed, bark and fruit, possess  immunomodulator, antidiabetic, anthelmintic, antiulcer and as a,antilarvicidal and hepatoprotective activities Various phytopharmacological evaluations have been reported in this literature for the important potential of the Cordia dichotoma Keywords: Cordia Dichotoma, Phytochemicals, Pharmacological properties

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

Abstract: The 11th edition of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine welcomes Anthony Fauci to its editorial staff, in addition to more than 85 new contributors. While the organization of the book is similar to previous editions, major emphasis has been placed on disorders that affect multiple organ systems. Important advances in genetics, immunology, and oncology are emphasized. Many chapters of the book have been rewritten and describe major advances in internal medicine. Subjects that received only a paragraph or two of attention in previous editions are now covered in entire chapters. Among the chapters that have been extensively revised are the chapters on infections in the compromised host, on skin rashes in infections, on many of the viral infections, including cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, on sexually transmitted diseases, on diabetes mellitus, on disorders of bone and mineral metabolism, and on lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. The major revisions in these chapters and many

Medicinal Plants of the Family Lamiaceae in Pain Therapy: A Review.

Abstract: Recently, numerous side effects of synthetic drugs have lead to using medicinal plants as a reliable source of new therapy. Pain is a global public health problem with a high impact on life quality and a huge economic implication, becoming one of the most important enemies in modern medicine. The medicinal use of plants as analgesic or antinociceptive drugs in traditional therapy is estimated to be about 80% of the world population. The Lamiaceae family, one of the most important herbal families, incorporates a wide variety of plants with biological and medical applications. In this study, the analgesic activity, possible active compounds of Lamiaceae genus, and also the possible mechanism of actions of these plants are presented. The data highlighted in this review paper provide valuable scientific information for the specific implications of Lamiaceae plants in pain modulation that might be used for isolation of potentially active compounds from some of these medicinal plants in future and formulation of commercial therapeutic agents.

Animal Models of Inflammation for Screening of Anti-inflammatory Drugs: Implications for the Discovery and Development of Phytopharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Inflammation is one of the common events in the majority of acute as well as chronic debilitating diseases and represent a chief cause of morbidity in today’s era of modern lifestyle. If unchecked, inflammation leads to development of rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and atherosclerosis along with pulmonary, autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation involves a complex network of many mediators, a variety of cells, and execution of multiple pathways. Current therapy for inflammatory diseases is limited to the steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. The chronic use of these drugs is reported to cause severe adverse effects like gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and renal abnormalities. There is a massive need to explore new anti-inflammatory agents with selective action and lesser toxicity. Plants and isolated phytoconstituents are promising and interesting sources of new anti-inflammatories. However, drug development from natural sources has been linked with hurdles like the complex nature of extracts, difficulties in isolation of pure phytoconstituents, and the yield of isolated compounds in minute quantities that is insufficient for subsequent lead development. Although various in-vivo and in-vitro models for anti-inflammatory drug development are available, judicious selection of appropriate animal models is a vital step in the early phase of drug development. Systematic evaluation of phytoconstituents can facilitate the identification and development of potential anti-inflammatory leads from natural sources. The present review describes various techniques of anti-inflammatory drug screening with its advantages and limitations, elaboration on biological targets of phytoconstituents in inflammation and biomarkers for the prediction of adverse effects of anti-inflammatory drugs. The systematic approach proposed through present article for anti-inflammatory drug screening can rationalize the identification of novel phytoconstituents at the initial stage of drug screening programs.