Brett Laursen

Bio: Brett Laursen is an academic researcher from Florida Atlantic University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Friendship & Psychology. The author has an hindex of 53, co-authored 161 publications receiving 11766 citations.

Socioeconomic Status and Parenting

Abstract: Socioeconomic status (SES) is a pervasive predictor of child development; parenting is a large part of the reason why. This chapter deals with a historical introduction to research on SES and parenting, followed by a discussion of definitions of SES and approaches to its measurement. It summarizes the literature on differences in parenting cognitions and parenting practices associated with SES. The chapter traces pathways of influence from SES to parenting and identifies the separable effects of its constituents, income, education, and occupation. It discusses remaining questions and future research directions in the study of SES and parenting. Parenting practices are the behaviors parents produce in interactions with their children, the home environments parents create for children, and the connections to the world outside the home that parents both enable and permit. Parents from different socioeconomic levels expect different developmental timetables.

Handbook of Peer Interactions, Relationships, and Groups

Abstract: Part I. Introduction: History and Theory. W.W. Hartup, Critical Issues and Theoretical Viewpoints. G.W. Ladd, Trends, Travails, and Turning Points in Early Research on Children's Peer Relationships: Legacies and Lessons for Our Time? Part II. Social Behaviors, Interactions, Relationships, and Groups: What Should be Measured, How, and Why? R.A. Fabes, C.L. Martin, L.D. Hanish, Children's Behaviors and Interactions with Peers. T.J. Berndt, M.A. McCandless, Methods for Investigating Children's Relationships with Friends. A.H.N. Cillessen, Sociometric Methods. T.A. Kindermann, S.D. Gest, Assessment of the Peer Group: Identifying Naturally Occurring Social Networks and Capturing Their Effects. Part III. Infancy and Early Childhood. D.F. Hay, M. Caplan, A. Nash, The Beginnings of Peer Relations. R.J. Coplan, K.A. Arbeau, Peer Interactions and Play in Early Childhood. L. Rose-Krasnor, S. Denham, Social-Emotional Competence in Early Childhood. C. Howes, Friendship in Early Childhood. B.E. Vaughn, A.J. Santos, Structural Descriptions of Social Transactions among Young Children: Affiliation and Dominance in Preschool Groups. Part IV. Middle Childhood and Early Adolescence. W.M. Bukowski, C. Motzoi, F. Meyer, Friendship as Process, Function, and Outcome. S.R. Asher, K.L. McDonald, The Behavioral Basis of Acceptance, Rejection, and Perceived Popularity. M. Killen, A. Rutland, N.S. Jampol, Social Exclusion in Childhood and Adolescence. B. Laursen, G. Pursell, Conflict in Peer Relationships. N.R. Crick, D. Murray-Close, P.E.L. Marks, N. Mohajeri-Nelson, Aggression and Peer Relationships in School-Age Children: Relational and Physical Aggression in Group and Dyadic Contexts. K.H. Rubin, J.C. Bowker, A.E. Kennedy, Avoiding and Withdrawing from the Peer Group. C. Salmivalli, K. Peets, Bullies, Victims, and Bully-Victim Relationships in Middle Childhood and Early Adolescence. W. Furman, W.A. Collins, Adolescent Romantic Relationships and Experiences. B. Brown, E.L. Dietz, Informal Peer Groups in Middle Childhood and Adolescence. Part V. Distal Correlates of Children's Peer Relationships. A.J. Rose, R.L. Smith, Sex Differences in Peer Relationships. S. Graham, A.Z. Taylor, A.Y. Ho, Race and Ethnicity in Peer Relations Research. H. Stattin, M. Kerr, Neighborhood Contexts of Peer Relationships and Groups. X. Chen, J. Chung, C. Hsiao, Peer Interactions and Relationships from a Cross-Cultural Perspective. Part VI. Proximal Correlates of Children's Social Skills and Peer Relationships. M. Brendgen, M. Boivin, Genetic Factors in Children's Peer Relations. N. Eisenberg, J. Vaughan, C. Hofer, Temperament, Self-Regulation, and Peer Social Competence. C. Booth-LaForce, K.A. Kerns, Child-Parent Attachment Relationships, Peer Relationships, and Peer-Group Functioning. H. Ross, N. Howe, Family Influences on Children's Peer Relationships. Part VII. Childhood Peer Experiences and Later Adjustment. K.R. Wentzel, Peers and Academic Functioning at School. M.J. Prinstein, D. Rancourt, J.D. Guerry, C.B. Browne, Peer Reputations and Psychological Adjustment. F. Vitaro, M. Boivin, W.M. Bukowski, The Role of Friendship in Child and Adolescent Psychosocial Development. Part VIII. Translation and Policy. T.J. Dishion, T.F. Piehler, Deviant by Design: Peer Contagion in Development, Interventions, and Schools. K.L. Bierman, C.J. Powers, Social Skills Training to Improve Peer Relations.

Reconsidering Changes in Parent-Child Conflict across Adolescence: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract: A series of meta-analyses addresses whether and how parent-child conflict changes during adolescence and factors that moderate patterns of change The meta-analyses summarize results from studies of change in parent-child conflict as a function of either adolescent age or pubertal maturation Three types of parent-adolescent conflict are examined: conflict rate, conflict affect, and total conflict (rate and affect combined) The results provide little support for the commonly held view that parent-child conflict rises and then falls across adolescence, although conclusions regarding pubertal change as well as conflict affect are qualified by the limited number of studies available Two diverging sets of linear effects emerged, one indicating a decline in conflict rate and total conflict with age and the other indicating an increase in conflict affect with both age and pubertal maturation In age meta-analyses, conflict rate and total conflict decline from early adolescence to mid-adolescence and from mid-adolescence to late adolescence; conflict affect increases from early adolescence to mid-adolescence Puberty meta-analyses revealed only a positive linear association between conflict affect and pubertal maturation Effect-size patterns varied little in follow-up analyses of potential moderating variables, implying similarities in the direction (although not the magnitude) of conflict across parent-adolescent dyads, reporters, and measurement procedures

Person-Centered and Variable-Centered Approaches to Longitudinal Data

Abstract: As the number and scope of longitudinal investigations have expanded, so too have strategies for analyzing prospective data. Different analytic techniques are designed to answer different types of research questions. Person-centered approaches identify groups of individuals who share particular attributes or rela- tions among attributes. They are well suited for addressing questions that concern group differences in patterns of development. Variable-centered approaches describe associations between variables. They are well suited for addressing questions that concern the relative contributions that predictor variables make to an outcome. This special issue includes conceptual essays and empirical reports designed to demonstrate the complementary strengths of these two different approaches. The articles illustrate how the integration of person-oriented and variable-oriented approaches can lead to a more complete understanding of the processes and patterns of human development.

Interpersonal conflict during adolescence.

Abstract: Interpersonal conflict is considered within various frameworks of adolescent development. Conflict, defined as behavioral opposition, is distinguished from related constructs. Differences between adolescent relationships and across age groups are reviewed in the incidence and intensity, resolution, and outcome of conflict. Influences of setting on conflict behaviors and effects are emphasized. The evidence does not reveal dramatic shifts in conflict behavior as a function of age or maturation. Consistent differences do emerge, however, when adolescent relationships and conflict settings are considered. It is argued that a social relational model based on principles of interdependence and equity provides an alternative to psychoanalytic, sociobiological, and cognitive-developmental accounts of conflict behavior during adolescence.

Using Multivariate Statistics

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Human biochemical genetics

Abstract: So far in this course we have dealt entirely with the evolution of characters that are controlled by simple Mendelian inheritance at a single locus. There are notes on the course website about gametic disequilibrium and how allele frequencies change at two loci simultaneously, but we didn’t discuss them. In every example we’ve considered we’ve imagined that we could understand something about evolution by examining the evolution of a single gene. That’s the domain of classical population genetics. For the next few weeks we’re going to be exploring a field that’s actually older than classical population genetics, although the approach we’ll be taking to it involves the use of population genetic machinery. If you know a little about the history of evolutionary biology, you may know that after the rediscovery of Mendel’s work in 1900 there was a heated debate between the “biometricians” (e.g., Galton and Pearson) and the “Mendelians” (e.g., de Vries, Correns, Bateson, and Morgan). Biometricians asserted that the really important variation in evolution didn’t follow Mendelian rules. Height, weight, skin color, and similar traits seemed to

From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development

Abstract: How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.