Brian Ralph

Bio: Brian Ralph is an academic researcher from Brunel University London. The author has contributed to research in topics: Grain boundary & Grain growth. The author has an hindex of 18, co-authored 77 publications receiving 1607 citations. Previous affiliations of Brian Ralph include University of West London.

The Quantitative Description of the Microstructure of Materials

Abstract: Introduction Elements of the Microstructures of Materials Size and Shape The Influence of Microstructure on the Properties of Materials Stochastic Character of the Geometry of Microstructures Observations of the Microstructure of Materials About the Book Rerferences Basic Concepts, Definitions, Techniques, and Relationships Populations, Individual Microstructural Elements, and Distribution Functions Distribution Functions Parameters of the Populations Normal and Log-Normal Distribution Sampling Size of the Samples Microstructural Homogeneity General Characterization of Material Microstructures Geometrical Probing Random and Oriented Sections Random Oriented Lines Point Testing Number and Weighted Distributions Notation Volume Fraction Determination Density of Two-Dimensional Features in Space Density of Lines on a Plane Density of Lines in Space Density of Elements and Average Properties Modification for Anisotropic Lines and Surfaces Anisotropic Distribution of Lines Estimation of the Density of Volume Elements, NV, by a Method of Size Distribution Reconstruction Description of Particle Agglomeration Curvature of Lines on a Plane References Modern Stereology Disector-New Approach to Particle Density Selector-Particle Volume Distribution Point Sampled Intercepts Second Order Statistics-Methods for Estimating the Variance of Particle Volume Fractionator Nucleator Vertical Sectioning-Area of the Surfaces Orientator Trisector References Computer Aided Characterization of the Microstructures of Materials Image Processing Computer Aided Procedures of Data Analysis Elements of a System for Image Analysis References Characterization of Linear and Planar Elements of Microstructures Dislocations Internal Surfaces External Surfaces Quantitative Characterization of Thin Film Structures References The Geometry of Grains and Its Effect on the Properties of Polycrystals Introduction Grains as Space Filling Volumetric Elements Stochastic Character of Grains Geometry The Relationship Between 3-D Grains and Their 2-D Sections Grain Size Grain Area Distribution Function and Its Relationship to Grain Volume Distribution Mean Size of Grains Relationship Between Linear Parameters of Grain Size Degree of Grain Size Uniformity Data for Metallic Polycrystals Grain Size Effect Geometry of Grains and Physical Properties of Grain Boundaries References Changes in the Geometry of Grains and Grain Boundaries Under the Action of External and Internal Factors Tensile Test Changes in the Geometry of Grains in Strained Polycrystals-Uniform Deformation Approximation Spherical Grains Approach Stochastic Geometry Modelling Statistically Compatible Deformation Localized Deformation An Application to the Studies of Plastic Deformation Mechanisms Grain Geometry Evolution Under the Action of Internal Factors Annealing of Deformed Materials References Particles, Pores, and Other Isolated Volumetric Elements of the Microstructure Particle Sampling and Choice of Parameters General Characteristics of Particle Populations: Volume, Surface Area, Curvature, and Number Individual Properties of Particles: Mean Volume and Coefficient of Variation Particle Arrangements and Orientations Description of Particle Shapes Shape of Particle Sections Fourier Analysis of Sections Shape References

The relationships between tensile properties and hole expansion property of C-Mn steels

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of the microstructure and chemical compositions on the hole expansion property of C-Mn steels, four C-Mn steels were used and heat treated into different structures. The influences of the tensile properties on the hole expansion property were also investigated. It has been found in this paper that C-Mn steels with a high ratio of yield strength to ultimate tensile strength usually have a good hole expansion property. A high silicon content in solid solution can improve the hole expansion property. Carbon has a significant detrimental effect on the hole expansion property.

Material Properties of Titanium Diboride.

Abstract: The physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of polycrystalline TiB2 are examined with an emphasis on the significant dependence of the properties on the density and grain size of the material specimens. Using trend analysis, property relations, and interpolation methods, a coherent set of trend values for the properties of polycrystalline TiB2 is determined for a mass fraction of TiB2 98 %, a density of (4.50.1) g/cm 3 , and a mean grain size of (91) m.

New discoveries in deformed metals

Abstract: Microstructural analysis by advanced and automated methods has allowed deformation microstructures to be quantified in terms of common structural parameters. This quantification has shown for a variety of materials and processing conditions that the microstructural evolution follows a universal pattern of grain subdivision from the macroscale to the nanometer scale. This microstructural evolution has been described empirically and in theoretical models based on general principles for the formation of dislocation structures during plastic deformation by slip. The similarity between the behavior of materials undergoing different deformation patterns forms the basis for future research and development encompassing traditional as well as new materials and processes.