Bruce M. Spiegelman

TL;DR: Interferon regulatory factor 4 is identified as a dominant transcriptional effector of thermogenesis and induced by cold and cAMP in adipocytes and is sufficient to promote increased thermogenic gene expression, energy expenditure, and cold tolerance.

TL;DR: It is reported that cool temperature can directly activate a thermogenic gene program in adipocytes in a cell-autonomous manner, independent of the canonical cAMP/Protein Kinase A/cAMP response element-binding protein pathway downstream of the β-adrenergic receptors.

TL;DR: It is found that FGF21 acts directly on the liver to stimulate phosphorylation of fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 and ERK1/2 and the direct effects examined are not dependent on PGC-1α.

TL;DR: It is shown that PTH is involved in stimulating a thermogenic gene program in 5/6 nephrectomized mice that suffer from cachexia, and there exists an unexpected crosstalk mechanism between wasting of fat tissue and skeletal muscle.

TL;DR: Coexpression of Krox20 and C/EBPbeta in naive NIH3T3 cells resulted in the pronounced induction of a fully differentiated adipocyte phenotype, an effect previously observed only with PPARgamma, indicating that Kox20 is necessary for adipogenesis and that, when overexpressed, Krox 20 potently stimulates adipogenesis via C/ EBPbeta-dependent and -independent mechanisms.