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Bruno de Sousa

Bio: Bruno de Sousa is an academic researcher from University of Coimbra. The author has contributed to research in topics: Health care & Population. The author has an hindex of 18, co-authored 68 publications receiving 952 citations. Previous affiliations of Bruno de Sousa include Universidade Nova de Lisboa & University of Aveiro.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study demonstrated that P. vivax infections were found both in humans and mosquitoes, which means that active transmission is occurring, and reinforces the idea that this parasite is able to use receptors other than Duffy to invade erythrocytes, which may have an enormous impact in P.vivax current distribution.
Abstract: Background Plasmodium vivax shows a small prevalence in West and Central Africa due to the high prevalence of Duffy negative people. However, Duffy negative individuals infected with P. vivax have been reported in areas of high prevalence of Duffy positive people who may serve as supply of P. vivax strains able to invade Duffy negative erythrocytes. We investigated the presence of P. vivax in two West African countries, using blood samples and mosquitoes collected during two on-going studies.

176 citations

DOI
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: As comprehensive a picture as possible has been compiled on the state of men’s health across Europe, using routinely collected statistics on morbidity and mortality and data from academic literature to inform policy makers, health professionals, academics and the wider population of the health challenges men face.
Abstract: A better understanding of the health of men is essential for two main reasons. The first relates to the need for our male population to be as fit and able as possible. The second is tied to the fundamental values of equality and equity, as we are seeing many men whose lives are blighted through a collective lack of awareness and action on the problems they are facing. This has a huge impact not only on men themselves, but also their families and the wider society. This report helps create the baseline understanding of the state of men’s health across the 27 Member States of European Union, the 4 states of the European Free Trade Association and the 3 candidate countries. In doing so it provides a platform on which to build the aspirations of the European Public Health Programme, Together for Health: A Strategic Approach for the EU 2008-2013. The report provides analysis of a broad range of health and social issues that affect the health of men and attempts to give an insight into why men seem so vulnerable to premature death and so challenging with regard to many aspects of their lifestyles. Using routinely collected statistics on morbidity and mortality and data from academic literature, as comprehensive a picture as possible has been compiled on the state of men’s health across Europe. The purpose of this report is to inform policy makers, health professionals, academics and the wider population of the health challenges men face and to suggest how these challenges are to be overcome.

82 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The very large variations seen in the health of men across Europe demonstrates that much of men's higher risk of premature death is caused by socio-cultural factors and therefore avoidable.

57 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
29 Nov 2011-BMJ
TL;DR: A recent European report on men’s health shows that it lags behind that of women, and Alan White and colleagues analyse the problems and call for more policy, practice, and research aimed specifically at men.
Abstract: Ten years ago the BMJ published a special issue on men’s health. It noted how, although men fare better than women in most conventional measures such as top jobs and earnings, this advantage is not reflected in their health. A report we produced this summer, The State of Men’s Health in Europe, shows that little has changed. At any given age, men are still more likely than women to die from most of the leading causes, and in the European Union men have more than twice as many deaths a year as women throughout the working ages (15-64 years). This high level of premature mortality in men has psychological, social, and economic consequences for relatives, households, communities, and the workplace. Yet, in both national and European health policy, men and “masculinity” are largely taken for granted. This has limited the development of evidence based programmes that meet their health needs.

56 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors applied multivariate analysis to geochemical data for soft-bottom sediments from the Portuguese continental shelf to determine their provenance and to identify the main factors governing the sediment distribution patterns.

48 citations


Cited by
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Book ChapterDOI
01 Jul 2013
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss conflicts between ethics and law, regulations, or other governing legal authority, and present an informal resolution of these conflicts. But they do not address the problem of unfair discrimination.
Abstract: 1. Resolving Ethical Issues 1.01 Misuse of Psychologists’ Work 1.02 Conflicts Between Ethics and Law, Regulations, or Other Governing Legal Authority 1.03 Conflicts Between Ethics and Organizational Demands 1.04 Informal Resolution of Ethical Violations 1.05 Reporting Ethical Violations 1.06 Cooperating With Ethics Committees 1.07 Improper Complaints 1.08 Unfair Discrimination Against Complainants and Respondents

1,310 citations

Book
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: The focus of future developments in health should be towards providing universal health care for Filipinos, starting with improving access of the poor and vulnerable to health services.
Abstract: The abstract should provide a summary of the HiT in no more than 250 words The Box provides an example from the Philippines HiT, 2011 Philippines HiT abstract Consistent with its commitment to the Alma Ata in 1978, the Philippine Government adopted the Primary Health Care (PHC) approach in 1979 to achieve health for all Filipinos by year 2000 The promulgation of the Local Development Code (RA 7160) in 1991 was in line with the community participation ideals of PHC (1992-1999) as it devolved responsibility for health care was devolved to Local Government Units The Health Sector Reform Agenda was introduced in 2005 to address problems in health care delivery at local level brought about by the devolution proves Issues of poor accessibility, inequities and inefficiencies of the health system have been the target of health reforms over the last 30 years Hospital, public health, financing, local health system and regulatory reforms comprised the HSRA approach In 2005, the DOH streamlined the reform program to ensure access and availability of essential and basic health packages by reducing the four reform areas, namely: 1) designating providers of basic and essential health service package in strategic locations; 2) assuring the quality of both basic and specialized health services; and 3) intensifying the current efforts to reduce the public health threats brought about by endemic, vaccine-preventable and priority diseases Although studies have yet to be done on the impact of reforming health service delivery, implementation of strategies to improve the hospital services and public health programs have shown some positive gains However, huge disparities in health outcomes across income groups and geographic areas and challenges in ascertaining physical and financial access to health services as evidenced by high out-of-pocket expenditures, concentration of physical and human resources for health in urban areas and migration of health professionals still exist The focus of future developments in health should be towards providing universal health care for Filipinos, starting with improving access of the poor and vulnerable to health services Source: APO, Philippines HiT Vol 1 No 2 2011

548 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This first systematic effort to map the global endemicity of Plasmodium vivax is presented, intended to contribute to a much-needed paradigm shift towards geographically stratified and evidence-based planning for P. v Vivax control and elimination.
Abstract: Background: Current understanding of the spatial epidemiology and geographical distribution of Plasmodium vivax is far less developed than that for P. falciparum, representing a barrier to rational strategies for control and elimination. Here we present the first systematic effort to map the global endemicity of this hitherto neglected parasite. Methodology and Findings: We first updated to the year 2010 our earlier estimate of the geographical limits of P. vivax transmission. Within areas of stable transmission, an assembly of 9,970 geopositioned P. vivax parasite rate (PvPR) surveys collected from 1985 to 2010 were used with a spatiotemporal Bayesian model-based geostatistical approach to estimate endemicity age-standardised to the 1–99 year age range (PvPR1–99) within every 565 km resolution grid square. The model incorporated data on Duffy negative phenotype frequency to suppress endemicity predictions, particularly in Africa. Endemicity was predicted within a relatively narrow range throughout the endemic world, with the point estimate rarely exceeding 7% PvPR1–99. The Americas contributed 22% of the global area at risk of P. vivax transmission, but high endemic areas were generally sparsely populated and the region contributed only 6% of the 2.5 billion people at risk (PAR) globally. In Africa, Duffy negativity meant stable transmission was constrained to Madagascar and parts of the Horn, contributing 3.5% of global PAR. Central Asia was home to 82% of global PAR with important high endemic areas coinciding with dense populations particularly in India and Myanmar. South East Asia contained areas of the highest endemicity in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea and contributed 9% of global PAR.

543 citations

01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: The results indicate that women report higher levels of depression than men do in all countries, but there is significant cross-national variation in this gender gap.
Abstract: One of the most consistent findings in the social epidemiology of mental health is the gender gap in depression. Depression is approximately twice as prevalent among women as it is among men. However, the absence of comparable data hampers cross-national comparisons of the prevalence of depression in general populations. Using information about the frequency and severity of depressive symptoms from the third wave of the European Social Survey (ESS-3), we are able to fill the gap the absence of comparable data leaves. In the ESS-3, depression is measured with an eight-item version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale. In the current study, we examine depression among men and women aged 18-75 in 23 European countries. Our results indicate that women report higher levels of depression than men do in all countries, but there is significant cross-national variation in this gender gap. Gender differences in depression are largest in some of the Eastern and Southern European countries and smallest in Ireland, Slovakia and some Nordic countries. Hierarchical linear models show that socioeconomic as well as family-related factors moderate the relationship between gender and depression. Lower risk of depression is associated in both genders with marriage and cohabiting with a partner as well as with having a generally good socioeconomic position. In a majority of countries, socioeconomic factors have the strongest association with depression in both men and women. This research contributes new findings, expanding the small existing body of literature that presents highly comparable data on the prevalence of depression in women and men in Europe.

529 citations