Showing papers by "Bryan S. Turner published in 2009"

T.H. Marshall, social rights and English national identity

Abstract: In this inaugural essay in the Thinking Citizenship Series, Turner evaluates the important contributions of T.H. Marshall to the study of citizenship. Marshall's model of citizenship remains one of the best descriptions of the development of social rights in twentieth century Britain and an important framework for understanding the connection between civil liberties and social rights.

Handbook of the Sociology of Medical Education

Abstract: 1. Introduction: The Struggle over Medical Knowledge, Caragh Brosnan and Bryan S. Turner PART 1: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES 2. The Hidden Curriculum: A Theory of Medical Education, Frederic W. Hafferty and Brian Castellani 3. From Classification to Integration: Bernstein and the Sociology of Medical Education, Paul Atkinson and Sara Delamont 4. Pierre Bourdieu and the Theory of Medical Education: Thinking 'Relationally' about Medical Students and Medical Curricula, Caragh Brosnan PART 2: KEY ISSUES: MEDICAL STUDENTS AND MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE 5. The Medical School Culture, Heidi Lempp 6. Gender and Medical Education, Elianne Riska 7. The Inclusion of Disabled People in Medical Education, Gary L. Albrecht 8. The Status of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) in Biomedical Education: Towards a Critical Engagement, Alex Broom and Jon Adams 9. Evidence-based Medicine and Medical Education, Stefan Timmermans and Neetu Chawla 10. Crisis or Renaissance? A Sociology of Anatomy in UK Medical Education, Samantha Regan de Bere and Alan Petersen 11. Bioethics and Medical Education: Lessons from the United States, Carla C. Keirns, Michael Fetters and Raymond De Vries 12. Sociology in Medical Education, Graham Scambler 13. Epistemology, Medical Science, and Problem-based Learning: Introducing an Epistemological Dimension into the Medical School Curriculum, Margot L. Lyon PART 3: MEDICAL EDUCATION IN NATIONAL CONTEXTS 14. Medical Education and the American Healthcare System, William C. Cockerham 15. Tomorrow's Doctors, a Changing Profession: Reformation in the UK Medical Education System, Oonagh Corrigan and Ian Pinchen 16. The Challenges to Achieving Self-sufficiency in Canadian Medical Education, Ivy Lynn Bourgeault and Jennifer Aylward 17. Innovations in Medical Education: European Convergence, Politics and Culture, Fred C.J. Stevens

Muslims in Singapore: Piety, politics and policies

Abstract: List of Tables and Figures Acknowledgements 1: Introduction: Muslims in Multicultural Singapore 2: Understanding Social Enclaves 3: The Malay-Muslim Community: A Background 4: Social Distancing: Halal Consciousness and Public Dining 5: Religious or Public Education? The Madrasah Dilemma 6: The Body and Piety: the Hijab and Marriage 7: Conclusion: States, Enclaves and Religion References Index

Interpreting human rights : social science perspectives

Abstract: 1. Human Rights Research and the Social Sciences Rhiannon Morgan 2. Political Science and Human Rights Todd Landman 3. The Right to Health Michael Freeman 4. Indigenous Peoples' Rights: Anthropology and the Question of Rights to Culture Colin Samson 5. Democratic Rights Kate Nash 6. What Could it Mean to Take Human Rights Seriously? Anthony Woodiwiss 7. Forging Indigenous Rights at the United Nations: A Social Constructionist Account Rhiannon Morgan 8. The New Humanism: Beyond Modernity and Postmoderninty Judith Blau and Alberto Moncada 9. Corporations and Human Rights Gideon Sjoberg 10. A Sociology of Citizenship and Human Rights: Does Social Theory Still Exist? Bryan S. Turner

Reshaping the Sociology of Religion: Globalisation, Spirituality and the Erosion of the Social:

Abstract: Handbooks, Companions and Readers have come to dominate much of the mainstream academic and commercial activity of the major publishing houses. As students depend more and more on the Internet as the preferred tool of study, the academic monograph struggles to survive, whereas it is assumed that handbooks and companions will at least achieve reasonable library sales. The modern publishing market is now if anything over-supplied by the substantial, multi-authored, comprehensive handbook and therefore the Sage Handbook of the Sociology of Religion competes for example with The Blackwell Companion to Sociology of Religion (2001) which offered full coverage of the classical tradition with wide-ranging chapters by Bryan Wilson, David Martin, Richard Fenn, and Thomas Luckmann. It also covered much of the important work being done in contemporary sociology by James Beckford, Steve Bruce, Roger O’Toole, Grace Davie and others. In this competitive market, what should a handbook of the sociology of religion attempt to achieve? First it should attempt to convey the principal achievements of a field which involves a delicate choice between established topics and issues that may in the long run turn out to be merely fashionable. Second it needs to strike a balance between the dominant American tradition which is often inward looking and the rest of the world where many of the important changes in religion are taking place such as the religious revivals in post-Communist societies. Third it needs to establish some interdisciplinary parameters since many of the innovative theoretical developments in the study of religion are taking place in philosophy, history and anthropology. Finally, it needs to address problems in both epistemology and methods in the study of religion and religions. These four tasks or objectives should establish why the sociology of religion has a distinctive contribution to make over and against for example anthropology, religious studies and history. The Sage Handbook goes a long way to fulfilling these criteria. In this review article I propose to consider the history of the handbook of the sociology of religion as a guide to the intellectual status of the discipline of sociology before coming to a more concentrated and critical assessment of the Sage Handbook. The point of this exercise is to note both the decline of the subfield of the study of religion from its heyday in the 1960s and 1970s and its

The Thinking Citizenship Series

Abstract: It is claimed that although the European debate about social rights has concentrated on the formation of citizenship, American political and social theory has focused almost exclusively on civil liberties and individual rights. The specific characteristics of American history – the Declaration of Independence, slavery, the Civil War, the persistence of the race issue and the civil rights movement – explain this fundamental difference. This article explores some of the exceptions to this claim in the work of sociologists and political scientists such as W.E. DuBois, Talcott Parsons, Morris Janowitz, Rogers Smith and Michael Schudson, but the contrast between individual rights and social rights remains important. The American tradition is explored primarily through the work of Judith N. Shklar whose approach to cruelty, misfortune and inequality represented a major and innovative approach to what we might call the phenomenological foundation of justice and rights. She emphasised the importance of earning a living to the basic American understanding of dignity and responsibility. The article concludes by speculating that the credit crunch and more importantly the endemic character of unemployment and under-employment in the modern economy radically undermine access to rewarding employment for the majority of the population. These economic and social changes – ‘the financialization of capitalism’ – make the defence of social citizenship more rather than less important.

Can We Live Forever?: A Sociological and Moral Inquiry

Abstract: Can We Live Forever?' addresses the modern debate about the Life Extension Project that results from revolutions (actual and predicted) in bio-medicine, transplantation, cosmetic surgery, genetic counseling, stem cell research, cryonics, cloning and so forth that cumulatively promise to deliver eternal life or at least 'prolongevity'. In an engaging and thought-provoking work, the author traces the rise of the Life Extension Project and its claims against an intellectual background of recent analyses of 'waste', sustainable environments and complexity theory.

The body in Asia

Abstract: List of Figures Acknowledgements Introduction: Piety, Politics and Philosophy: Asia and the Global Body Bryan S. Turner and Zheng Yangwen Chapter 1. The Global Body Cannot Ignore Asia Susan Brownell PART I: THE BODY AND RELIGION Chapter 2. Saint or Serpent? Engendering the Female Body in Medieval Japanese Buddhist Narratives Monika Dix Chapter 3. Creating Religious Bodies: Fasting Rituals in West Java Joergen Hellman Chapter 4. Formations of Public Piety: New Veiling, the Body, and the Citizen-Subject in Contemporary Indonesia Sonja van Wichelen PART II: THE BODY AND CULTURE Chapter 5. Westernized Body or Japanized Western Body: The Desirable Female Body in Contemporary Japanese Women's Magazines Junko Ishiguro Chapter 6. Fatness and Well-being: Bodies and the Generation Gap in Contemporary China Anna Lora-Wainwright PART III: THE BODY AND THE STATE Chapter 7. Seki Juroji and the Japanese Body: Martial Arts, Kokutai, and Citizen-State Relations in Meiji Japan Denis Gainty Chapter 8. The Sacred and the Sanitary: The Colonial 'Medicalization' of the Filipino Body Julius Bautista with Ma. Mercedes Planta Chapter 9. State and Religion Contestations over the Body: Hook Swinging and the Production of New Human Subjects R. Santhosh Chapter 10. Women's Revolution and Liberation Embodied in Mao Zedong Era Ballet Zheng Yangwen Notes on Contributors Bibliography Index

Forensic entomology: a template for forensic acarology?

Abstract: Insects are used in a variety of ways in forensic science and the developing area of forensic acarology may have a similar range of potential This short account summarises the main ways in which entomology currently contributes to forensic science and discusses to what extent acarology might also contribute in these areas

Bernard Crick: citizenship and democracy in the United Kingdom

Abstract: Bernard Crick's contribution to citizenship studies can be regarded as part of the tradition so ably represented by T.H. Marshall. I want to argue in this brief article on Crick that on the one hand he is part of the ‘golden age’ of political philosophy that has flourished in the English-speaking world over the last two or three decades, but on the other his work also shows the limitations of that tradition, at least from the perspective of comparative and historical studies in political sociology. His work was unquestionably ‘local’ in its focus on the subject of Scottish independence and the viability of the British Isles under the governance of a multi-national state.

Citizens, communities and conflict: surviving globalization

Abstract: With the financial crisis and the credit crunch becoming fully apparent in the second half of 2008, authors and publishers face an obvious but interesting dilemma. Any optimistic analysis of the gl...

Longevity Ancient and Modern

Abstract: The article examines illustrations from ancient and modern societies to consider the connections between power, social elites and knowledge of techniques to promote longevity. In pre-modern societies, knowledge of practices and substances to promote longevity were cultivated by elites such as the Chinese imperial court. In modern societies, new technologies—cryonics, cloning, stem-cell applications and nanotechnology—will offer exclusive and expensive methods for prolonging life for the rich. However one important difference between the ancient and modern world is that with secularization longevity is no longer connected with a moral life; longevity is not a reward for sanctity. We have democratized the ambition for long life but not necessarily its realization. The modern quest for longevity appears to be connected with the desire of Baby Boomer generations to hold on to their assets, but while modern medicine may help us to survive forever, it cannot tell us how to live forever.