Bui Viet Dung

Bio: Bui Viet Dung is an academic researcher from Vietnam Petroleum Institute. The author has contributed to research in topics: Sedimentary depositional environment & River delta. The author has an hindex of 6, co-authored 13 publications receiving 88 citations.

Late Pleistocene–Holocene seismic stratigraphy of the Southeast Vietnam Shelf

Abstract: The Late Pleistocene–Holocene sedimentary architecture of the Southeast (SE) Vietnam Shelf was investigated using high-resolution seismic profiles and core samples. Three systems tracts and a prominent seismic reflection surface at the base of the sequence were revealed. This surface (SB1) is interpreted as a sequence boundary formed by subaerial processes during the Late Pleistocene sea-level fall and subsequent marine reworking during transgression. A surface map of the lowstand surface, compiled from seismic profiles and sediment cores, revealed the W–E to N–S oriented incised-valley system of the paleo-Mekong River. The incised valleys show a clear change in morphology from the north to the south in the study area. The northern incised-valley system off Vung Tau appears as a narrow and deep V-shape in cross-section (< 5 km wide and tens of meters deep) likely as a result of the high-gradient morphology of the paleo-shelf. In contrast, the wide and low-gradient paleo-shelf off the modern Mekong Delta and Ca Mau Peninsula created shallow incised-valleys (5–15 km wide and < 15 m deep) on the exposed shelf. The lowstand systems tract (LST) consists of a prograding outer shelf delta-wedge formed during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) sea-level lowstand period. The transgressive systems tract (TST) was well preserved in the incised-valleys, where its thickness reaches 15–25 m. Sediment core analysis results and seismic facies reveal that the TST deposits within the incised-channels were marked by a transition from fluvial deposits at the base to marine deposits in the upper part of the channels. On the exposed shelf and the interfluvial area of the incised-channels, the TST is a sandy layer overlying the sequence boundary SB1. Thickness of the TST on the shelf varies from 0 to 15 m. The highstand systems tract (HST) consists of thick mud clinoforms of the modern Mekong subaqueous delta. The HST wedge prograded onto the shelf primarily after the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand was at approximately 6.5–5.5 kyr BP ago. The HST wedge extends along the southwestern shore, and its maximum thickness (30 m) was recorded in the Cape Ca Mau area. The HST wedge pinches out at modern water depths of 20–30 m, resulting in a thin HST layer on the middle and outer shelf. The proposed post-Pleistocene sequence-stratigraphic model for the SE Vietnam Shelf is a variation on the theoretical model of Vail (1987). The thick highstand wedge on the SE Vietnam Shelf is confined to the inner shelf due to the broad and low-gradient shelf morphology and the strong local hydrodynamic conditions driven by the monsoon system. Except for the one deposited within the incised-valley system, the TST deposits on the SE Vietnam Shelf tend to disperse over the shelf instead of forming a thick backstepping unit. The accommodation space was probably created faster than the sediment supply during the rapid transgression.

Late Pleistocene-Holocene sequence stratigraphy of the subaqueous Red River delta and the adjacent shelf

Abstract: The model of Late Pleistocene-Holocene sequence stratigraphy of the subaqueous Red River delta and the adjacent shelf is proposed by interpretation of high-resolution seismic documents and comparison with previous research results on Holocene sedimentary evolution on the delta plain. Four units (U1, U2, U3, and U4) and four sequence stratigraphic surfaces (SB1, TS, TRS and MFS) were determined. The formation of these units and surfaces is related to the global sea-level change in Late Pleistocene-Holocene. SB1, defined as the sequence boundary, was generated by subaerial processes during the Late Pleistocene regression and could be remolded partially or significantly by transgressive ravinement processes subsequently. The basal unit U1 (fluvial formations) within incised valleys is arranged into the lowstand systems tract (LST) formed in the early slow sea-level rise ~19-14.5 cal.kyr BP, the U2 unit is arranged into the early transgressive systems tract (E-TST) deposited mainly within incised-valleys under the tide-influenced river to estuarine conditions in the rapid sea-level rise ~14.5-9 cal.kyr BP, the U3 unit is arranged into the late transgressive systems tract (L-TST) deposited widely on the continental shelf in the fully marine condition during the late sea-level rise ~9-7 cal.kyr BP, and the U4 unit represents for the highstand systems tract (HST) with clinoform structure surrounding the modern delta coast, extending to the water depth of 25-30 m, developed by sediments from the Red River system in ~3-0 cal.kyr BP.ReferencesBadley M.E., 1985. Practical Seismic Interpretation. International Human Resources Development Corporation, Boston, 266p.Bergh G.D. 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Factors controlling accumulation of organic carbon in a rift-lake, Oligocene Vietnam.

Abstract: Understanding of the processes of petroleum source rock (SR) accumulation in lacustrine rift basins and the behavior of lake systems as long-term carbon sinks is fragmentary. Investigation of an 800 m thick (500 m core and ~ 300 m outcrop), deep-lacustrine, Oligocene section in Vietnam, provides a rare insight into the controls and deposition of organic carbon (OC) and SR formation in continental rift basins. A multidisciplinary dataset, combining elemental data, inorganic and organic geochemistry with sedimentology, shows that the richest alginite-prone, sapropelic SR developed during periods of relative tectonic quiescence characterized by moderate primary productivity in a mainly dysoxic lacustrine basin. Increased rift activity and further development of graben morphology intensified water column stratification and anoxia, which hindered nutrient recycling. Sapropelic organic matter (OM) continued to accumulate, but with increasing amorphous OM content and decreasing total OC values. Periods of increased seasonality were characterized by thermocline weakening, enhanced mixing of water columns, increased primary productivity and diatom blooming. The results suggest that a change from dysoxia towards anoxia or extreme primary productivity does not necessarily enhance OC burial and SR quality. External nutrient input from a phosphate-rich hinterland is sufficient for sapropel formation, whereas the main limiting factor is methanogenesis.