Burhan Ates

Bio: Burhan Ates is an academic researcher from İnönü University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Oxidative stress & Melatonin. The author has an hindex of 26, co-authored 127 publications receiving 2486 citations. Previous affiliations of Burhan Ates include Missouri University of Science and Technology.

Chemistry, Structures, and Advanced Applications of Nanocomposites from Biorenewable Resources.

Abstract: Researchers have recently focused on the advancement of new materials from biorenewable and sustainable sources because of great concerns about the environment, waste accumulation and destruction, and the inevitable depletion of fossil resources. Biorenewable materials have been extensively used as a matrix or reinforcement in many applications. In the development of innovative methods and materials, composites offer important advantages because of their excellent properties such as ease of fabrication, higher mechanical properties, high thermal stability, and many more. Especially, nanocomposites (obtained by using biorenewable sources) have significant advantages when compared to conventional composites. Nanocomposites have been utilized in many applications including food, biomedical, electroanalysis, energy storage, wastewater treatment, automotive, etc. This comprehensive review provides chemistry, structures, advanced applications, and recent developments about nanocomposites obtained from biorenewable sources.

Effects of sodium selenite on some biochemical and hematological parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) exposed to Pb2+ and Cu2+.

Abstract: This study was carried out to understand the preventive effect of selenium (Se4+) on heavy metal stress induced by lead and copper in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Variation in glutathione peroxidase (Se-GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in liver, spleen, heart, and brain tissues of rainbow trout after 72 h of exposure to Pb2+ and Cu2+ were investigated in the presence and absence of Se4+. In the presence of Se4+, Se-GSH-Px activity and SOD activity were found to be higher and MDA levels were lower compared with in its absence. Hematological parameters were also determined and it has been observed that total leukocyte count (WBC), mean cell volume (MCV), and mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) were increased and erythrocyte number (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit value (Hct; P < 0.05) were decreased in fish exposed to heavy metals in the absence of selenium. Selenium presence recovered hematological parameters to normal levels. In the light of our findings, it could be stated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ lead to dramatic changes in biochemical and hematological parameters and selenium caused these parameters to converge to control levels when it was administered concurrently with these heavy metals.

Amelioration of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy by melatonin, quercetin, and resveratrol in rats:

Abstract: The role of oxygen radicals are known for the pathogenesis of kidney damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidative effects of melatonin, quercetin, and resveratrol on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. A total of 35 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: control, diabetes mellitus (DM), DM + melatonin, DM + quercetin, and DM + resveratrol. All the injections started on the same day of single-dose STZ injection and continued for 30 days. At the end of this period, kidneys were removed and processed for routine histological procedures. Biochemical parameters and morphological changes were examined. In DM group, blood glucose levels were significantly increased, whereas body weights were decreased compared with the control group. Significant increases in blood urea nitrogen and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decreases in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were detected in DM group. Administration of melatonin, quercetin, and resveratrol significantly reduced these values. Melatonin was more efficient in reducing MDA levels than other antioxidants (p < 0.05). STZ-induced histopathological alterations including epithelial desquamation, swelling, intracytoplasmic vacuolization, brush border loss and peritubular infiltration. Additionally, basement membrane thickening and sclerotic changes were observed in glomerulus. Transforming growth factor-β1 positive cells were also increased. Melatonin, quercetin, and resveratrol significantly reduced these histopathological changes. Our results indicate that melatonin, quercetin, and resveratrol might be helpful in reducing diabetes-induced renal damage.

Antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties of N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA) and comparison with N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

Abstract: The antioxidant potential of N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA), also known as AD4, was assessed by employing different in vitro assays. These included reducing power, free radical scavenging capacities, peroxidation inhibiting activity through linoleic acid emulsion system and metal chelating capacity, as compared to NAC and three widely used antioxidants, alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Of the antioxidant properties that were investigated, NACA was shown to possess higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging ability and reducing power than NAC, at all the concentrations, whereas the scavenging ability of H(2)O(2) differed with concentration. While NACA had greater H(2)O(2) scavenging capacity at the highest concentration, NAC was better than NACA at lower concentrations. NAC and NACA had a 60% and 55% higher ability to prevent beta-carotene bleaching, respectively, as compared to control. The chelating activity of NACA was more than 50% that of the metal chelating capacity of EDTA and four and nine times that of BHT and alpha-tocopherol, respectively. When compared to NACA and NAC; alpha-tocopherol had higher DPPH scavenging abilities and BHT and alpha-tocopherol had better beta-carotene bleaching power. These findings provide evidence that the novel antioxidant, NACA, has indeed enhanced the antioxidant properties of NAC.

Methods Of Enzymatic Analysis

Abstract: Rather than enjoying a fine ebook as soon as a mug of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled when some harmful virus inside their computer. Methods Of Enzymatic Analysis is clear in our digital library an online admission to it is set as public appropriately you can download it instantly. Our digital library saves in complex countries, allowing you to get the most less latency period to download any of our books considering this one. Merely said, the Methods Of Enzymatic Analysis is universally compatible behind any devices to read.

Antitumour metal compounds: more than theme and variations

Abstract: Triggered by the resounding success of cisplatin, the past decades have seen tremendous efforts to produce clinically beneficial analogues. The recent achievement of oxaliplatin for the treatment of colon cancer should, however, not belie the imbalance between a plethora of investigated complexes and a very small number of clinically approved platinum drugs. Strategies opening up new avenues are increasingly being sought using complexes of metals other than platinum such as ruthenium or gallium. Based on the chemical differences between these metals, the spectrum of molecular mechanisms of action and potential indications can be broadened substantially. Other approaches focus on complexes with tumour-targeting properties, thereby maximizing the impact on cancer cells and minimizing the problem of adverse side effects, and complexes with biologically active ligands.

When the Pancreas

Abstract: 1757 Identification of Ocular Sebaceous Neoplasia with Evaluation for Mismatch Repair Proteins L Schoenfield, J Anthony, R Djohan, I Lalak, M Levine, P Ng, J Perry, A Singh, T Plesec. Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. Background: Recognizing sebaceous carcinoma is important because of its risk for metastasis and tumor death. Histopathology alone is often difficult because fresh tissue for oil red-O stain is not always available. Several immunohistochemical stains (IHC) have been evaluated but often the diagnosis is elusive. Furthermore, the diagnosis of a sebaceous adenoma or carcinoma raises the possibility of Lynch syndrome, a cancer predisposition syndrome. Mismatch repair protein(MMR) abnormalities are a feature of Lynch syndrome, and they can be detected with IHC for the MLH1, MSH2, PMS2, and MSH6 proteins. Design: 14 sebaceous carcinomas and 3 adenomas from the eyelid (17 specimens) from 14 patients were evaluated for oil red-O when possible as well as IHC for AR, EMA, BER-EP4, CAM5.2 for diagnosis. MMR for MLH1, MSH2, PMS2, and MSH6 by IHC were evaluated as a possible screening panel for Lynch syndrome. Two patients already had other tissue tested by PCR for microsatellite instability (MSI) for Lynch syndrome. Results: Oil red-O was done on 6 of 17 specimens and positive in 5 of the 6 (83%). AR was positive in 2 of 3 adenomas (67%) and 5 of 14 carcinomas (36%). EMA was positive in 2 of 3 adenomas (67%) and 11 of 14 carcinomas (79%). BER-EP4 was negative in all 3 adenomas and positive in 7 of 14 carcinomas (50%). CAM5.2 was positive in 1 of 3 adenomas (33%) and 8 of 14 carcinomas (57%). All 17 specimens(100%) showed positive nuclear staining for MLH1 and PMS2, indicative of normal protein expression. In 14 of 17 specimens from 12 patients, MSH2 and MSH6 were also normal. 3 specimens from 2 patients that had rare positive cells for MSH2 and MSH6. Both patients had previous colonic tumors tested for MSI and were found to be MSI-H, indicative of possible Lynch syndrome. Conclusions: Diagnosing sebaceous carcinoma is important prognostically but sometimes challenging with routine histopathology. In our experience androgen receptor (AR) was found to be confirmatory in only 36% of cases and not dependent on the size of the tumor available. The other IHC stains were of marginal benefit and not specific. While none of the cases showed complete loss of expression of a MMR protein, there were 2 patients in with only rare positive cells who had known MSI-H tumors in the colon, suggestive of Lynch syndrome. Additional studies of these eyelid tumors may elucidate the possible role of using them for screening for Lynch syndrome.

Reducing oxidative/nitrosative stress: a newly-discovered genre for melatonin.

Abstract: The discovery of melatonin and its derivatives as antioxidants has stimulated a very large number of studies which have, virtually uniformly, documented the ability of these molecules to detoxify harmful reactants and reduce molecular damage. These observations have clear clinical implications given that numerous age-related diseases in humans have an important free radical component. Moreover, a major theory to explain the processes of aging invokes radicals and their derivatives as causative agents. These conditions, coupled with the loss of melatonin as organisms age, suggest that some diseases and some aspects of aging may be aggravated by the diminished melatonin levels in advanced age. Another corollary of this is that the administration of melatonin, which has an uncommonly low toxicity profile, could theoretically defer the progression of some diseases and possibly forestall signs of aging. Certainly, research in the next decade will help to define the role of melatonin in age-related diseases and in determining successful aging. While increasing life span will not necessarily be a goal of these investigative efforts, improving health and the quality of life in the aged should be an aim of this research.