Burkhard Schiek

Bio: Burkhard Schiek is an academic researcher from Ruhr University Bochum. The author has contributed to research in topics: Calibration & Network analyzer (electrical). The author has an hindex of 17, co-authored 113 publications receiving 1459 citations.

A generalized theory and new calibration procedures for network analyzer self-calibration

Abstract: A general theory for performing network analyzer calibration is presented. Novel calibration procedures are derived which allow for partly unknown standards. The most general procedure derived is called TAN and allows for five unknown parameters in the three calibration standards. The values of the unknown parameters are determined during the calibration procedure via eigenvalue conditions. The good performance of all the procedures has been shown experimentally. This wide spectrum of procedures using different calibration standards makes it possible to choose an optimal algorithm for any environment. >

Thru-Match-Reflect: One Result of a Rigorous Theory for De-Embedding and Network Analyzer Calibration

Abstract: A theory for network analyzer calibration and de-embeding is presented in which the calibration constants are evaluated via linear equations. The error-removal is accomplished by convenient matrix multiplication. It is shown that calibration procedures known until now are included as special cases. As results of the theory new more general concepts are presented, e.g. TMR and TAN, which have no inherent limit in bandwidth and no lower frequency limit.

Robust algorithms for Txx network analyzer self-calibration procedures

Abstract: A closed-form theory for performing a network analyzer calibration using different Txx procedures is presented. This theory makes it possible to describe all known self-calibration procedures with the same algorithm. The improved properties of this general TAN method in contrast to the conventional TAN procedure are shown by numerical and experimental results. >

A highly linear frequency ramp generator based on a fractional divider phase-locked-loop

Abstract: A highly linear analog frequency ramp generator based on a fractional divider concept is presented. The frequency ramp linearity achievable in this fractional phase-locked-loop configuration is better than 10/sup -4/. This value is revealed by numerical simulations as well as by measurements performed. With a prototype synthesizer implemented in a FMCW-radar system suitable for distance and velocity measurements.

Multiport method for the measurement of the scattering parameters of N-ports

Abstract: The multiport method for the precise measurement of the scattering parameters of N-port devices with a two-port vector network analyzer (VNA) is presented. The scattering parameters of an N port cannot be measured directly with a two-port VNA if N>2. Only the scattering parameters of all two-port combinations of the device-under-test (DUT) are measurable. Thereby, the measured two-port scattering parameters strongly depend on the external terminations of the DUTs ports, which are not connected to the VNA during the measurements. In order to eliminate the influences of these external possibly reflective terminations, an error correction has to be performed. In comparison to known correction methods, the multiport method has some advantages. Firstly, the external terminations can be chosen arbitrarily, i.e., short and open circuits are realizable as long as the topology of the DUT allows it. Secondly, the terminations, except for one, can be unknown, leading to a reduction of the inconsistency problem caused by erroneous data of the external terminations, which is also known from the calibration of VNAs with completely known calibration standards. The good performance of the multiport method is shown by measured results.

A multiline method of network analyzer calibration

Abstract: The author presents a method for the calibration of network analyzers. The essential feature is the use of multiple, redundant transmission line standards. The additional information provided by the redundant standards is used to minimize the effects of random errors, such as those caused by imperfect connector repeatability. The resulting method exhibits improvements in both accuracy and bandwidth over conventional methods. The basis of the statistical treatment is a linearized error analysis of the TRL (thru-reflect-line) calibration method. The analysis presented is useful in the assessment of calibration accuracy. It also yields results relevant to the choice of standards. >

Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering

Abstract: Praise for Noise Reduction Techniques IN electronic systems "Henry Ott has literally 'written the book' on the subject of EMC. . . . He not only knows the subject, but has the rare ability to communicate that knowledge to others." EE Times Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering is a completely revised, expanded, and updated version of Henry Ott's popular book Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems. It reflects the most recent developments in the field of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and noise reductionand their practical applications to the design of analog and digital circuits in computer, home entertainment, medical, telecom, industrial process control, and automotive equipment, as well as military and aerospace systems. While maintaining and updating the core informationsuch as cabling, grounding, filtering, shielding, digital circuit grounding and layout, and ESDthat made the previous book such a wide success, this new book includes additional coverage of: Equipment/systems grounding Switching power supplies and variable-speed motor drives Digital circuit power distribution and decoupling PCB layout and stack-up Mixed-signal PCB layout RF and transient immunity Power line disturbances Precompliance EMC measurements New appendices on dipole antennae, the theory of partial inductance, and the ten most common EMC problems The concepts presented are applicable to analog and digital circuits operating from below audio frequencies to those in the GHz range. Throughout the book, an emphasis is placed on cost-effective EMC designs, with the amount and complexity of mathematics kept to the strictest minimum. Complemented with over 250 problems with answers, Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering equips readers with the knowledge needed to design electronic equipment that is compatible with the electromagnetic environment and compliant with national and international EMC regulations. It is an essential resource for practicing engineers who face EMC and regulatory compliance issues and an ideal textbook for EE courses at the advanced undergraduate and graduate levels.

Recent advances in electromagnetic interference shielding properties of metal and carbon filler reinforced flexible polymer composites: A review

Abstract: The rapid proliferation and elevated usage of electronic devices have led to a meteoritic rise in electronic pollutions such as electronic noise, electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radiofrequency interference (RFI) which leads to improper functioning of electronic devices. Metals and their alloys can serve as the best EMI shielding materials but their heavy weight, high cost and low corrosion resistance have limited their applications in EMI shielding. The emergence of flexible polymer composites have substituted the metal and metal alloy based EMI shielding materials due to their unique features such as light weight, excellent corrosion resistance, superior electrical, dielectric, thermal, mechanical and magnetic properties that are highly useful for suppressing the electromagnetic noises. In this review article, the EMI shielding effectiveness of flexible polymer composites comprising of metals and various forms of carbon nanofillers such as carbon black, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, graphite, graphene, graphene oxide, graphene nanosheets, graphene nanoribbons and graphene nanoplatelets have been deeply reviewed.

Design of an FMCW radar baseband signal processing system for automotive application

Abstract: For a typical FMCW automotive radar system, a new design of baseband signal processing architecture and algorithms is proposed to overcome the ghost targets and overlapping problems in the multi-target detection scenario. To satisfy the short measurement time constraint without increasing the RF front-end loading, a three-segment waveform with different slopes is utilized. By introducing a new pairing mechanism and a spatial filter design algorithm, the proposed detection architecture not only provides high accuracy and reliability, but also requires low pairing time and computational loading. This proposed baseband signal processing architecture and algorithms balance the performance and complexity, and are suitable to be implemented in a real automotive radar system. Field measurement results demonstrate that the proposed automotive radar signal processing system can perform well in a realistic application scenario.

A 0.65 THz Focal-Plane Array in a Quarter-Micron CMOS Process Technology

Abstract: A focal-plane array (FPA) for room-temperature detection of 0.65-THz radiation has been fully integrated in a low-cost 0.25 mum CMOS process technology. The circuit architecture is based on the principle of distributed resistive self-mixing and facilitates broadband direct detection well beyond the cutoff frequency of the technology. The 3 timesZ 5 pixel array consists of differential on-chip patch antennas, NMOS direct detectors, and integrated 43-dB voltage amplifiers. At 0.65 THz the FPA achieves a responsivity (Rv) of 80 kV/W and a noise equivalent power (NEP) of 300 pW/ radic{Hz}. Active multi-pixel imaging of postal envelopes demonstrates the FPAs potential for future cost-effective terahertz imaging solutions.