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Byron W. Byrne

Bio: Byron W. Byrne is an academic researcher from University of Oxford. The author has contributed to research in topics: Offshore wind power & Caisson. The author has an hindex of 35, co-authored 107 publications receiving 3885 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a series of laboratory tests were conducted where a stiff pile in drained sand was subjected to between 8000 and 60 000 cycles of combined moment and horizontal loading, and a typical design for an offshore wind turbine monopile was used as a basis for the study, to ensure that pile dimensions and loading ranges were realistic.
Abstract: The driven monopile is currently the preferred foundation type for most offshore wind farms. While the static capacity of the monopile is important, a safe design must also address issues of accumulated rotation and changes in stiffness after long-term cyclic loading. Design guidance on this issue is limited. To address this, a series of laboratory tests were conducted where a stiff pile in drained sand was subjected to between 8000 and 60 000 cycles of combined moment and horizontal loading. A typical design for an offshore wind turbine monopile was used as a basis for the study, to ensure that pile dimensions and loading ranges were realistic. A complete non-dimensional framework for stiff piles in sand is presented, and applied to interpret the test results. The accumulated rotation was found to be dependent on relative density, and was strongly affected by the characteristics of the applied cyclic load. Particular loading characteristics were found to cause a significant increase in the accumulated ro...

424 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Previous work on the design of offshore foundations is reviewed, and some simple design calculations for sizing foundations and structures appropriate to the wind-turbine problem are presented, and deficiencies in the current design approaches are examined.
Abstract: An important engineering challenge of today, and a vital one for the future, is to develop and harvest alternative sources of energy. This is a firm priority in the UK, with the government setting ...

343 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a program of testing on suction caisson foundations in an artificially prepared sand test bed near Luce Bay, in Scotland, is described, with the results relevant to the design of either monopod or quadruped foundations for offshore wind turbines.
Abstract: A programme of testing on suction caisson foundations in an artificially prepared sand test bed near Luce Bay, in Scotland, is described The tests are relevant to the design of either monopod or quadruped foundations for offshore wind turbines Records are presented for suction installation of the caissons, cyclic moment loading under both quasi-static and dynamic conditions to simulate the behaviour of a monopod foundation, and cyclic vertical loading and pullout of caissons to simulate one footing in a quadruped foundation Variations of stiffness with loading level of the foundation are observed, with high initial stiffness followed by hysteretic behaviour at moderate loads and degradation of response at high loads Some implications for the design of wind turbine foundations are briefly discussed

181 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the calculations appropriate for the installation of caissons in sands and present methods for determining the resistance to penetration of open-ended cylindrical caisson foundations both with and without the application of suction inside the caisson.
Abstract: Suction-installed caisson foundations are being used or considered for a wide variety of offshore applications ranging from anchors for floating facilities to shallow foundations for offshore wind turbines. In the design of the caissons the installation procedure must be considered as well as the in-place performance. The scope of this paper is to consider the calculations appropriate for the installation of caissons in sands. Calculation methods are presented for determining the resistance to penetration of open-ended cylindrical caisson foundations both with and without the application of suction inside the caisson. Comparisons are made with case records. A companion paper addresses the calculation procedure for installation in clays as well as in other soils.

171 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the results of laboratory and field tests of vertical and moment loadings on caissons in sand and clay with the results obtained in non-dimensional form for comparison.
Abstract: Laboratory tests applying vertical and moment loads to suction caissons founded in sand and clay have been conducted to simulate an equivalent series of field tests. The caissons used in the laboratory were 0·15 m, 0·2 m and 0·3 m in diameter, whereas those for the field tests were 1·5 m and 3·0 m in diameter. The loads applied to the caissons in the laboratory tests were scaled from those in the field tests, and the models were loaded in a near-identical manner to the field trials. The test results are presented in non-dimensional form for comparison. The non-dimensional laboratory data from moment loading tests were similar to the field data in most cases. However, the non-dimensional data from vertically loaded caisson tests in the laboratory and in the field show more significant differences, and possible reasons for these are discussed.

149 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a series of laboratory tests were conducted where a stiff pile in drained sand was subjected to between 8000 and 60 000 cycles of combined moment and horizontal loading, and a typical design for an offshore wind turbine monopile was used as a basis for the study, to ensure that pile dimensions and loading ranges were realistic.
Abstract: The driven monopile is currently the preferred foundation type for most offshore wind farms. While the static capacity of the monopile is important, a safe design must also address issues of accumulated rotation and changes in stiffness after long-term cyclic loading. Design guidance on this issue is limited. To address this, a series of laboratory tests were conducted where a stiff pile in drained sand was subjected to between 8000 and 60 000 cycles of combined moment and horizontal loading. A typical design for an offshore wind turbine monopile was used as a basis for the study, to ensure that pile dimensions and loading ranges were realistic. A complete non-dimensional framework for stiff piles in sand is presented, and applied to interpret the test results. The accumulated rotation was found to be dependent on relative density, and was strongly affected by the characteristics of the applied cyclic load. Particular loading characteristics were found to cause a significant increase in the accumulated ro...

424 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review demonstrates that offshore renewable energy developments will have direct and, potentially, indirect consequences for coastal ecology, with these effects occurring at different scales, with the significance of any effects is likely to depend on the natural disturbance regime and the stability and resilience of the communities.
Abstract: Summary 1Global-scale environmental degradation and its links with non-renewable fossil fuels have led to an increasing interest in generating electricity from renewable energy resources. Much of this interest centres on offshore renewable energy developments (ORED). The large scale of proposed ORED will add to the existing human pressures on coastal ecosystems, therefore any ecological costs and benefits must be determined. 2The current pressures on coastal ecology set the context within which the potential impacts (both positive and negative) of offshore renewable energy generation are discussed. 3The number of published peer-review articles relating to renewable energy has increased dramatically since 1991. Significantly, only a small proportion of these articles relate to environmental impacts and none considers coastal ecology. 4Actual or potential environmental impact can occur during construction, operation and/or decommissioning of ORED. 5Construction and decommissioning are likely to cause significant physical disturbance to the local environment. There are both short- and long-term implications for the local biological communities. The significance of any effects is likely to depend on the natural disturbance regime and the stability and resilience of the communities. 6During day-to-day operation, underwater noise, emission of electromagnetic fields and collision or avoidance with the energy structures represent further potential impacts on coastal species, particularly large predators. The wider ecological implications of any direct and indirect effects are discussed. 7Synthesis and applications. This review demonstrates that offshore renewable energy developments will have direct and, potentially, indirect consequences for coastal ecology, with these effects occurring at different scales. Ecologists should be involved throughout all the phases of an ORED to ensure that appropriate assessments of the interaction of single and multiple developments with the coastal environment are undertaken.

408 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive classification of the synergies between offshore wind and wave energy, the different options for combining wave and offshore wind energy, and the technological aspects is presented.
Abstract: The sustainable development of the offshore wind and wave energy sectors requires optimising the exploitation of the resources, and it is in relation to this and the shared challenge for both industries to reduce their costs that the option of integrating offshore wind and wave energy arose during the past decade. The relevant aspects of this integration are addressed in this work: the synergies between offshore wind and wave energy, the different options for combining wave and offshore wind energy, and the technological aspects. Because of the novelty of combined wave and offshore wind systems, a comprehensive classification was lacking. This is presented in this work based on the degree of integration between the technologies, and the type of substructure. This classification forms the basis for the review of the different concepts. This review is complemented with specific sections on the state of the art of two particularly challenging aspects, namely the substructures and the wave energy conversion.

407 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Previous work on the design of offshore foundations is reviewed, and some simple design calculations for sizing foundations and structures appropriate to the wind-turbine problem are presented, and deficiencies in the current design approaches are examined.
Abstract: An important engineering challenge of today, and a vital one for the future, is to develop and harvest alternative sources of energy. This is a firm priority in the UK, with the government setting ...

343 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 2012-Energy
TL;DR: A brief overview of the current development status of offshore wind power in different countries and also explore the technical, economic and environmental issues around its development is provided in this paper, where the authors aim to provide a brief overview.

303 citations