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C. B. Krauss

Bio: C. B. Krauss is an academic researcher from University of Alberta. The author has contributed to research in topics: Neutrino & Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. The author has an hindex of 37, co-authored 106 publications receiving 5362 citations. Previous affiliations of C. B. Krauss include Queen's University & Heidelberg University.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These data provide the most sensitive direct detection constraints on WIMP-proton spin-dependent scattering to date, with significant sensitivity at low W IMP masses for spin-independent WIMp-nucleon scattering.
Abstract: New results are reported from the operation of the PICO-60 dark matter detector, a bubble chamber filled with 52 kg of C_{3}F_{8} located in the SNOLAB underground laboratory. As in previous PICO bubble chambers, PICO-60 C_{3}F_{8} exhibits excellent electron recoil and alpha decay rejection, and the observed multiple-scattering neutron rate indicates a single-scatter neutron background of less than one event per month. A blind analysis of an efficiency-corrected 1167-kg day exposure at a 3.3-keV thermodynamic threshold reveals no single-scattering nuclear recoil candidates, consistent with the predicted background. These results set the most stringent direct-detection constraint to date on the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)-proton spin-dependent cross section at 3.4×10^{-41} cm^{2} for a 30-GeV c^{-2} WIMP, more than 1 order of magnitude improvement from previous PICO results.

429 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
B. Aharmim1, S. N. Ahmed2, A. E. Anthony3, N. Barros, E. W. Beier4, Alain Bellerive5, B. Beltran6, M. Bergevin7, M. Bergevin8, S. D. Biller9, K. Boudjemline5, K. Boudjemline2, Mark Guy Boulay2, Bei Cai2, Yuen-Dat Chan8, D. Chauhan1, M. L. Chen2, B. T. Cleveland9, G. A. Cox10, X. Dai2, X. Dai5, X. Dai9, H. Deng4, J. A. Detwiler8, M. DiMarco2, P. J. Doe10, G. Doucas9, P.-L. Drouin5, F. A. Duncan2, M. Dunford4, E. D. Earle2, Steven Elliott10, Steven Elliott11, Hal Evans2, G. T. Ewan2, J. Farine5, J. Farine1, H. Fergani9, F. Fleurot1, R. J. Ford2, Joseph A. Formaggio10, Joseph A. Formaggio12, N. Gagnon, J. Tm. Goon13, K. Graham5, K. Graham2, E. Guillian2, S. Habib6, R. L. Hahn14, A. L. Hallin6, E. D. Hallman1, P. J. Harvey2, Ryuta Hazama10, W. J. Heintzelman4, J. Heise11, J. Heise2, J. Heise15, R. L. Helmer16, A. Hime11, C. Howard, M. Huang, P. Jagam, B. Jamieson, N. A. Jelley, M. Jerkins, K. J. Keeter, J. R. Klein, L. L. Kormos, M. Kos, C. Kraus, C. B. Krauss, A. Krüger, T. Kutter, Christopher C. M. Kyba, R. Lange, J. Law, I. T. Lawson, K. T. Lesko, J. R. Leslie, J. C. Loach, R. MacLellan, S. Majerus, H. B. Mak, J. Maneira, R. D. Martin, N. McCauley, A. B. McDonald, S. McGee, M. L. Miller, Benjamin Monreal, Jocelyn Monroe, B. G. Nickel, A. J. Noble, H. M. O'Keeffe, N. S. Oblath, R. W. Ollerhead, G. D. Orebi Gann, S. M. Oser, R. A. Ott, S. J. M. Peeters, A. W. P. Poon, G. Prior, S. D. Reitzner, Keith Rielage, B. C. Robertson, R. G. H. Robertson, Rachel Rosten, M. H. Schwendener, J. A. Secrest, S. Seibert, Olivier Simard, J. J. Simpson, P. Skensved, T. Sonley, L. C. Stonehill, G. Tešić, N. Tolich, T. Tsui, R. Van Berg, B.A. VanDevender, C. J. Virtue, H. Wan Chan Tseung, D. L. Wark, Peter Watson, J. Wendland, N. West, J. F. Wilkerson, J. R. Wilson, J. M. Wouters, A. Wright, Minfang Yeh, F. Zhang, Kai Zuber 
TL;DR: In this paper, a combined analysis of solar neutrino data from all phases of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory was presented, which showed that particle identification information obtained from the proportional counters installed during the third phase improved background rejection in that phase of the experiment.
Abstract: We report results from a combined analysis of solar neutrino data from all phases of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. By exploiting particle identification information obtained from the proportional counters installed during the third phase, this analysis improved background rejection in that phase of the experiment. The combined analysis resulted in a total flux of active neutrino flavors from 8B decays in the Sun of (5.25 \pm 0.16(stat.)+0.11-0.13(syst.))\times10^6 cm^{-2}s^{-1}. A two-flavor neutrino oscillation analysis yielded \Deltam^2_{21} = (5.6^{+1.9}_{-1.4})\times10^{-5} eV^2 and tan^2{\theta}_{12}= 0.427^{+0.033}_{-0.029}. A three-flavor neutrino oscillation analysis combining this result with results of all other solar neutrino experiments and the KamLAND experiment yielded \Deltam^2_{21} = (7.41^{+0.21}_{-0.19})\times10^{-5} eV^2, tan^2{\theta}_{12} = 0.446^{+0.030}_{-0.029}, and sin^2{\theta}_{13} =(2.5^{+1.8}_{-1.5})\times10^{-2}. This implied an upper bound of sin^2{\theta}_{13} < 0.053 at the 95% confidence level (C.L.).

397 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
B. Aharmim1, S. N. Ahmed2, J. F. Amsbaugh3, A. E. Anthony4  +171 moreInstitutions (16)
TL;DR: The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) used an array of He3 proportional counters to measure the rate of neutral-current interactions in heavy water and precisely determined the total active (x) B8 solar neutrino flux as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) used an array of He3 proportional counters to measure the rate of neutral-current interactions in heavy water and precisely determined the total active (x) B8 solar neutrino flux. This technique is independent of previous methods employed by SNO. The total flux is found to be 5.54-0.31+0.33(stat)-0.34+0.36(syst)106cm-2s-1, in agreement with previous measurements and standard solar models. A global analysis of solar and reactor neutrino results yields m2=7.59-0.21+0.1910-5eV2 and =34.4-1.2+1.3 degrees. The uncertainty on the mixing angle has been reduced from SNO's previous results.

310 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
S. Andringa, E. Arushanova1, S. Asahi2, M. Askins3  +159 moreInstitutions (20)
TL;DR: SNO+ is a large liquid scintillator-based experiment located 2 km underground at SNOLAB, Sudbury, Canada as mentioned in this paper, whose primary goal is a search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay (0BB) of 130Te.
Abstract: SNO+is a large liquid scintillator-based experiment located 2 km underground at SNOLAB, Sudbury,Canada. It reuses the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory detector, consisting of a 12m diameter acrylic vessel which will be filled with about 780 tonnes of ultra-pure liquid scintillator. Designed as a multipurpose neutrino experiment, the primary goal of SNO+ is a search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay (0BB) of 130Te. In Phase I, the detector will be loaded with 0.3% natural tellurium, corresponding to nearly 800 kg of 130Te, with an expected effective Majorana neutrino mass sensitivity in the region of 55–133meV, just above the inverted mass hierarchy. Recently, the possibility of deploying up to ten times more natural tellurium has been investigated, which would enable SNO+ to achieve sensitivity deep into the parameter space for the inverted neutrino mass hierarchy in the future. Additionally, SNO+ aims to measure reactor antineutrino oscillations, low energy solar neutrinos, and geoneutrinos, to be sensitive to supernova neutrinos, and to search for exotic physics. A first phase with the detector filled with water will begin soon, with the scintillator phase expected to start after a few months of water data taking. The 01BB Phase I is foreseen for 2017.

302 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These results set the most stringent direct-detection constraint to date on the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)-proton spin-dependent cross section at 3.4×10^{-41} cm^{2} for a 30-GeV c^{-2} WIMP, more than 1 order of magnitude improvement from previous PICO results.
Abstract: The PICO Collaboration wishes to thank SNOLAB and its staff for support through underground space, logistical, and technical services. SNOLAB operations are supported by the Canada Foundation for Innovation and the Province of Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation, with underground access provided by Vale at the Creighton mine site. We are grateful to Kristian Hahn and Stanislava Sevova of Northwestern University and Bjorn Penning of the University of Bristol for their assistance and useful discussion. We wish to acknowledge the support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) for funding. We acknowledge the support from National Science Foundation (NSF) (Grants No. 0919526, No. 1506337, No. 1242637, and No. 1205987). We acknowledge that this work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics (under Award No. DE-SC-0012161), by a DOE Office of Science Graduate Student Research (SCGSR) award, by Direccion General Asuntos del Personal Academico, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (DGAPA-UNAM) through the grant Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica (PAPIIT) No. IA100316 and by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) (Mexico) through Grant No. 252167, by the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), the Government of India, under the Center of AstroParticle Physics II project (CAPP-II) at Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (SINP), by the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Grant No. LM2015072), and by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Consolider MultiDark (Grant No. CSD2009-00064). This work is partially supported by the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through NSF Grant No. 1125897, and an endowment from the Kavli Foundation and its founder Fred Kavli. We also wish to acknowledge the support from Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359, and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. We also thank Compute Canada and the Center for Advanced Computing, ACENET, Calcul Quebec, Compute Ontario, and WestGrid for the computational support.

286 citations


Cited by
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[...]

08 Dec 2001-BMJ
TL;DR: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one, which seems an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.
Abstract: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality. Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

33,785 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 1988-Nature
TL;DR: In this paper, a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) is presented.
Abstract: Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

9,929 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report world averages of measurements of b-hadron, c-, c-, and tau-lepton properties obtained by the Heavy Flavor Averaging Group (HFAG) using results available through the end of 2011.
Abstract: This article reports world averages of measurements of b-hadron, c-hadron, and tau-lepton properties obtained by the Heavy Flavor Averaging Group (HFAG) using results available through the end of 2011. In some cases results available in the early part of 2012 are included. For the averaging, common input parameters used in the various analyses are adjusted (rescaled) to common values, and known correlations are taken into account. The averages include branching fractions, lifetimes, neutral meson mixing parameters, CP violation parameters, parameters of semileptonic decays and CKM matrix elements.

2,151 citations

01 Apr 2003
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the flux of neutrino from distant nuclear reactors and found fewer nu;(e) events than expected from standard assumptions about nu; (e) propagation at the 99.95% C.L.yr exposure.
Abstract: KamLAND has measured the flux of nu;(e)'s from distant nuclear reactors. We find fewer nu;(e) events than expected from standard assumptions about nu;(e) propagation at the 99.95% C.L. In a 162 ton.yr exposure the ratio of the observed inverse beta-decay events to the expected number without nu;(e) disappearance is 0.611+/-0.085(stat)+/-0.041(syst) for nu;(e) energies >3.4 MeV. In the context of two-flavor neutrino oscillations with CPT invariance, all solutions to the solar neutrino problem except for the "large mixing angle" region are excluded.

1,659 citations