Author
C. Daniel Johnson
Bio: C. Daniel Johnson is an academic researcher from Mayo Clinic. The author has contributed to research in topics: Colonoscopy & Virtual colonoscopy. The author has an hindex of 44, co-authored 112 publications receiving 10369 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1, Oregon Health & Science University2, Mount Sinai St. Luke's and Mount Sinai Roosevelt3, American Cancer Society4, Veterans Health Administration5, Emory University6, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine7, University of Pennsylvania8, Eastern Virginia Medical School9, Mayo Clinic10, Kaiser Permanente11, University of Wisconsin-Madison12, Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis13, Creighton University14, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center15
TL;DR: Clinicians should be prepared to offer patients a choice between a screening test that is effective at both early cancer detection and cancer prevention through the detection and removal of polyps and those that can detect cancer early and also can detect adenomatous polyps.
2,876 citations
TL;DR: CT enterography clearly depicts the small bowel inflammation associated with Crohn disease by displaying mural hyperenhancement, stratification, and thickening; engorged vasa recta; and perienteric inflammatory changes, and is becoming the first-line modality for the evaluation of suspected inflammatory bowel disease.
Abstract: Computed tomographic (CT) enterography combines the improved spatial and temporal resolution of multi–detector row CT with large volumes of ingested neutral enteric contrast material to permit visualization of the small bowel wall and lumen. Adequate luminal distention can usually be achieved with oral hyperhydration, thereby obviating nasoenteric intubation and making CT enterography a useful, well-tolerated study for the evaluation of diseases affecting the mucosa and bowel wall. Unlike routine CT, which has been used to detect the extraenteric complications of Crohn disease such as fistula and abscess, CT enterography clearly depicts the small bowel inflammation associated with Crohn disease by displaying mural hyperenhancement, stratification, and thickening; engorged vasa recta; and perienteric inflammatory changes. As a result, CT enterography is becoming the first-line modality for the evaluation of suspected inflammatory bowel disease. CT enterography has also become an important alternative to tr...
414 citations
TL;DR: In a low prevalence setting, polyp detection rates at CT colonography are well below those at colonoscopy and these rates are less than previous reports based largely on high lesion prevalence cohorts.
356 citations
TL;DR: MR enterography and CT enterography have similar sensitivities for detecting active small-bowel inflammation, but image quality across the study cohort was better with CT, and cross-sectional enterography provides complementary information to ileocolonoscopy.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to prospectively obtain pilot data on the accuracy of MR enterography for detecting small-bowel Crohn's disease compared with CT enterography and with a clinical reference standard based on imaging, clinical information, and ileocolonoscopy.SUBJECTS AND METHODS. The study group for this blinded prospective study was composed of 33 patients with suspected active Crohn's ileal inflammation who were scheduled for clinical CT enterography and ileocolonoscopy and had consented to also undergo MR enterography. The MR enterography and CT enterography examinations were each interpreted by two radiologists with disagreements resolved by consensus. The reports from ileocolonoscopy with or without mucosal biopsy were interpreted by a gastroenterologist. The reference standard for the presence of small-bowel Crohn's disease was based on the final clinical diagnosis by the referring gastroenterologist after reviewing all of the available information.RESULTS. All 33 patients un...
347 citations
TL;DR: The sensitivity of CE for active small-bowel Crohn's disease was not significantly different from CTE, ileocolonoscopy, or SBFT, however, lower specificity and the need for preceding small-Bowel radiography may limit the utility of CE as a first-line test for Crohn't disease.
337 citations
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TL;DR: Pattern and trends in CRC incidence and mortality correlate with present human development levels and their incremental changes might reflect the adoption of more western lifestyles, pointing towards widening disparities and an increasing burden in countries in transition.
Abstract: Objective The global burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) is expected to increase by 60% to more than 2.2 million new cases and 1.1 million deaths by 2030. In this study, we aim to describe the recent CRC incidence and mortality patterns and trends linking the findings to the prospects of reducing the burden through cancer prevention and care. Design Estimates of sex-specific CRC incidence and mortality rates in 2012 were extracted from the GLOBOCAN database. Temporal patterns were assessed for 37 countries using data from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5) volumes I–X and the WHO mortality database. Trends were assessed via the annual percentage change using joinpoint regression and discussed in relation to human development levels. Results CRC incidence and mortality rates vary up to 10-fold worldwide, with distinct gradients across human development levels, pointing towards widening disparities and an increasing burden in countries in transition. Generally, CRC incidence and mortality rates are still rising rapidly in many low-income and middle-income countries; stabilising or decreasing trends tend to be seen in highly developed countries where rates remain among the highest in the world. Conclusions Patterns and trends in CRC incidence and mortality correlate with present human development levels and their incremental changes might reflect the adoption of more western lifestyles. Targeted resource-dependent interventions, including primary prevention in low-income, supplemented with early detection in high-income settings, are needed to reduce the number of patients with CRC in future decades.
3,321 citations
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center1, Oregon Health & Science University2, Mount Sinai St. Luke's and Mount Sinai Roosevelt3, American Cancer Society4, Veterans Health Administration5, Emory University6, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine7, University of Pennsylvania8, Eastern Virginia Medical School9, Mayo Clinic10, Kaiser Permanente11, University of Wisconsin-Madison12, Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis13, Creighton University14, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center15
TL;DR: Clinicians should be prepared to offer patients a choice between a screening test that is effective at both early cancer detection and cancer prevention through the detection and removal of polyps and those that can detect cancer early and also can detect adenomatous polyps.
2,876 citations
TL;DR: Findings support the hypothesis that colonoscopic removal of adenomatous polyps prevents death from colorectal cancer.
Abstract: BACKGROUND In the National Polyp Study (NPS), colorectal cancer was prevented by colonoscopic removal of adenomatous polyps. We evaluated the long-term effect of colonoscopic polypectomy in a study on mortality from colorectal cancer. METHODS We included in this analysis all patients prospectively referred for initial colonoscopy (between 1980 and 1990) at NPS clinical centers who had polyps (adenomas and nonadenomas). The National Death Index was used to identify deaths and to determine the cause of death; follow-up time was as long as 23 years. Mortality from colorectal cancer among patients with adenomas removed was compared with the expected incidence-based mortality from colorectal cancer in the general population, as estimated from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program, and with the observed mortality from colorectal cancer among patients with nonadenomatous polyps (internal control group). RESULTS Among 2602 patients who had adenomas removed during participation in the study, after a median of 15.8 years, 1246 patients had died from any cause and 12 had died from colorectal cancer. Given an estimated 25.4 expected deaths from colorectal cancer in the general population, the standardized incidence-based mortality ratio was 0.47 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26 to 0.80) with colonoscopic polypectomy, suggesting a 53% reduction in mortality. Mortality from colorectal cancer was similar among patients with adenomas and those with nonadenomatous polyps during the first 10 years after polypectomy (relative risk, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.1 to 10.6). CONCLUSIONS These findings support the hypothesis that colonoscopic removal of adenomatous polyps prevents death from colorectal cancer. (Funded by the National Cancer Institute and others.)
2,381 citations
University of California, San Francisco1, Group Health Research Institute2, University of Iowa3, Columbia University4, State University of New York Upstate Medical University5, Harvard University6, University of Louisville7, Duke University8, Virginia Commonwealth University9, Yale University10, University of Alabama at Birmingham11, University of California, Los Angeles12, Stanford University13, Veterans Health Administration14, University of Washington15, Brown University16, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill17, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai18
TL;DR: It is concluded with high certainty that screening for colorectal cancer in average-risk, asymptomatic adults aged 50 to 75 years is of substantial net benefit.
Abstract: Importance Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. In 2016, an estimated 134 000 persons will be diagnosed with the disease, and about 49 000 will die from it. Colorectal cancer is most frequently diagnosed among adults aged 65 to 74 years; the median age at death from colorectal cancer is 73 years. Objective To update the 2008 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on screening for colorectal cancer. Evidence Review The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on the effectiveness of screening with colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, computed tomography colonography, the guaiac-based fecal occult blood test, the fecal immunochemical test, the multitargeted stool DNA test, and the methylated SEPT9 DNA test in reducing the incidence of and mortality from colorectal cancer or all-cause mortality; the harms of these screening tests; and the test performance characteristics of these tests for detecting adenomatous polyps, advanced adenomas based on size, or both, as well as colorectal cancer. The USPSTF also commissioned a comparative modeling study to provide information on optimal starting and stopping ages and screening intervals across the different available screening methods. Findings The USPSTF concludes with high certainty that screening for colorectal cancer in average-risk, asymptomatic adults aged 50 to 75 years is of substantial net benefit. Multiple screening strategies are available to choose from, with different levels of evidence to support their effectiveness, as well as unique advantages and limitations, although there are no empirical data to demonstrate that any of the reviewed strategies provide a greater net benefit. Screening for colorectal cancer is a substantially underused preventive health strategy in the United States. Conclusions and Recommendations The USPSTF recommends screening for colorectal cancer starting at age 50 years and continuing until age 75 years (A recommendation). The decision to screen for colorectal cancer in adults aged 76 to 85 years should be an individual one, taking into account the patient’s overall health and prior screening history (C recommendation).
2,100 citations
TL;DR: This update focused on screening in asymptomatic, average-risk adults (aged 50 years), but also considered previous recommendations for persons at increased or high risk for CRC, including persons with a history of adenomatous polyps or a previous curative resection of CRC.
2,051 citations