Energy efficiency and Quality of Service (QoS) providing are known to be critical design concerns in routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Recent studies, demonstrate that Opportunistic Routing (OR) can greatly improve the performance of WSNs by exploiting the broadcast nature of the wireless medium. In this paper, we propose a new QoS aware and Energy efficient Opportunistic Routing protocol (QEOR) to efficiently routing data under QoS and energy constraints for WSNs. QEOR uses a new multi-metric QoS based candidate selection method in order to accurately select and prioritise the candidate forwarders. The selection is focused on a QoS function that takes into consideration the reliabilty of buffers and links, while the prioritisation is established according to transmission delays. To achieve an obvious improvement on the energy consumption, QEOR uses an energy efficient coordination method and an implicit ACKnowledgement scheme for collision and redundancy avoidance. Simulation...

A new QoS aware and energy efficient opportunistic routing protocol for wireless sensor networks

An opportunistic network is a network where the nodes need to communicate with each other even if existing routes between them may not permanently exist due to the nodes&#x2019; random movement. Most routing algorithms employ a paradigm by which a node can keep the receiving messages, carrying the messages with them when moving and then forwarding the messages to the opportunistic meeting nodes when possible. This routing model works well in the networks with high-to-moderate node density in which the opportunity that the moving nodes can meet with each other is rather high. On the other hand, the delivery ratio becomes remarkably low in the sparse network environment especially when there is a strict constraint on message delivery deadline. In this paper, we introduce the novel concept of rendezvous place where the passing nodes can announce, deposit, or pick up their own messages without having to meet the other nodes carrying the desired message. The rendezvous place can be detected automatically and its area&#x2019;s shape is dynamically changed according to the interaction among nodes. The results from extensive simulations show that our routing algorithm can achieve higher delivery ratio and utilize lower energy consumption than traditional opportunistic routing algorithms especially in sparse network environment.

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Dynamic Rendezvous Based Routing Algorithm on Sparse Opportunistic Network Environment

Dynamic nature of mobility in wireless networks has paved way for a new paradigm of communication in this era. Routing protocol design for hybrid wireless network is critical in order to improve the performance and reliability of the network. A good routing scheme increases the packet delivery ratio and the throughput of the network and thus improves the quality of service. Opportunistic Routing (OR) technique attempts to deal with unreliable transmissions by utilizing the broadcast nature and spatial diversity of the wireless medium, in an efficient manner [3].

Extremely Opportunistic Routing with Expected Transmission Count to Improve QoS in Hybrid Wireless Networks

The focus of this paper is to survey the use of EXOR routing scheme and routing metrics to be applied in hybrid wireless networks over the traditional unicast routing protocols used for mobile ad hoc networks. On performing a thorough analysis of various literatures, it is proposed that use of EXOR with ETX metric in hybrid wireless networks would give a better throughput than that of the traditional unicast routing protocols for ad hoc networks. This survey would be a great source of information for researches with focus in hybrid networks. General Terms Wired networks, Wireless networks, Ad Hoc networks, Hybrid networks

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C. Vinay Kumar

Papers

Extremely Opportunistic Routing with Expected Transmission Count to Improve QoS in Hybrid Wireless Networks

Survey and Analysis of various Routing Techniques and Metrics in Wireless Networks