DETERMINING THE TURNOVER TIME OF GROUNDWATER SYSTEMS WITH THE AID OF ENVIRONMENTAL TRACERS 1. Models and Their Applicability

On the physical meaning of the dispersion equation and its solutions for different initial and boundary conditions

Mathematical models for the interpretation of environmental radioisotopes in groundwater systems

The interpretation of mean transit time measurements for multiphase tissue systems.

Residence time distributions (RTD) are measured for both a baffled and an unbaffled laboratory reactor of the same size with several internal pipes and a Rushton turbine operating at different feed flow rates and impeller rpms. Ideal behavior as determined by the mean and the variance of the RTD was observed at an impeller Reynolds number of 2327 for the baffled tank and 3878 for the unbaffled tank both in the turbulent transition range. The experimental results for the baffled tank are compared to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions of the RTD using the k−e turbulence model in Fluent for transitional flow regime in the tank, i.e., impeller Reynolds number between 10 and 10 000. All the qualitative aspects of the predicted RTDs are similar to those measured experimentally. The mean residence times as well as the variances of the residence time are accurately predicted by CFD in the transition flow regime.

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C.Y. Chatlynne

Papers

Tracer curves and the residence time distribution