世界経済・社会統計 = World development indicators

1. The strength of the Global Fund is contained in its values, of which ethics and integrity are integral. A strong ethics and integrity program engenders stakeholder trust in the Global Fund, and moreover safeguards resources dedicated to health through the creation of an integrated compliance and anti-corruption program, supported by communication, monitoring and oversight. To reach and maintain high standards of ethical conduct, the Global Fund’s core ethical values must be fully integrated into its culture and activities, including its grant programs, and complied with by all entrusted with Global Fund resources and/or responsibilities. 2. This Ethics and Integrity Framework sets out obligations that must be complied with by (i) Board and Committee Members, Board Alternates and Board delegation members (together, “Governance Officials”); (ii) Global Fund employees; and (iii) members of Global Fund advisory bodies (groups (i), (ii) and (iii) together, “Global Fund Officials”). However, these obligations apply also to all those involved in activities financed by the Global Fund, particularly in the implementation of grant programs.

Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria

https://northumbria-test.eprints-hosting.org/id/document/266000

Uncovering degrees of workplace bullying: A comparison of baccalaureate nursing students' experiences during clinical placement in Australia and the UK.

There is an increased call for improving the environment in which nursing students learn the clinical skills. Clinical practice in the clinical placement sites should allow students to apply their theoretical knowledge in a real environment, develop nursing skills and clinical reasoning, and observe and adapt the professional role. This study aimed at identifying the factors influencing performance in clinical practice among preservice diploma nursing students in Northern Tanzania. This study relied on a cross-sectional analysis of data collected from nursing schools in Northern Tanzania in which 208 (123 nursing students and 85 nurse tutors) participants were recruited in the study. Data was gathered using a self-administered questionnaire which collected information on sociodemographic characteristics and factors influencing clinical practice categorized in students’ factors, hospital based factors, social-economic factors, and nurse tutors opinions assessed. Descriptive analyses and chi-square test were employed to understand the background information of the sample and association between variables. Majority of the nursing students (84.4%) agreed that clinical placement offers students adequate opportunity for clinical practical learning. Barriers to effective clinical learning was reported by 70.1% of the participants and the barriers include student factors such as lack of self-confidence and absenteeism, school factors such as improper supervision, and poor preparation of clinical instructors or clinical facility factors. We found a significant association between type of barrier and gender (chi-square 0.786, p=0.020). More male nursing students (62.1%) significantly reported unsupportive environment as a barrier and anxiety was more common in female nursing students (48.9%) (p=0.020). Reporting of barriers to effective clinical learning by students from different schools of nursing was not significant (P=0.696). In addition, age of participants did not have significant association with effective clinical practice (p=0.606). Student’s factors and placement based factors played an important role to influence clinical learning experiences. Offering preclinical orientation, distributing and clarifying clinical learning objectives to students, and frequent visits and supervision of students in clinical area may improve student learning experience in clinical placement. In addition, tailoring the interventions to gender may improve learning experiences.

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Factors Affecting Performance in Clinical Practice among Preservice Diploma Nursing Students in Northern Tanzania.

The Pacific islands is one of the most aid-dependent regions in the world. This article examines developments in the delivery of foreign aid to the region since the year 2000, a period in which there has been considerable change in both the amount and way in which aid is delivered internationally. Although Pacific island countries have seen a scale-up in development assistance, it has been modest relative to that enjoyed by other developing countries. Improvement has been mixed in areas identified as a concern by the aid effectiveness agenda, with high levels of volatility and lack of predictability particularly problematic.

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Foreign Aid to the Pacific: Trends and Developments in the Twenty‐First Century

Learning in the clinical setting is an essential component of nursing education. Two common models of clinical learning place students in facilities using either block or distributed approaches. The aim of this study was to examine nursing students’ perceptions of the impact of block versus distributed model of clinical placement on their learning experience.

The impact of clinical placement model on learning in nursing: a descriptive exploratory study

Exploring the paradox: A cross-sectional study of academic dishonesty among Australian nursing students.

Fictional narratives have rarely been used in medical anthropological research. This article illustrates the value of such narratives by examining how young people in southeastern Nigeria navigate the cultural resources available to them to make sense of HIV in their creative writing. Using thematic data analysis and narrative-based methodologies, it analyzes a sample (N = 120) from 1,849 narratives submitted by Nigerian youth to the 2005 Scenarios from Africa scriptwriting contest on the theme of HIV. The narratives are characterized by five salient themes: tragedy arising from the incompatibility of sex outside marriage and kinship obligations; female vulnerability and blame; peer pressure and moral ambivalence; conservative Christian sexual morality; and the social and family consequences of HIV. We consider the strengths and limitations of this narrative approach from a theoretical perspective and by juxtaposing our findings with those generated by Daniel Jordan Smith using standard ethnographic research methods with a similar Igbo youth population.

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Making sense of HIV in southeastern Nigeria: fictional narratives, cultural meanings, and methodologies in medical anthropology.

In this article, we use data from the 2013 and 2015 Australian Aid Stakeholder Surveys to gauge the extent of the changes to the Australian Government Aid Program since the 2013 federal election. The two surveys targeted the same set of stakeholders of the aid program, and both gathered data on a wide range of aspects of its functioning. As we assess the findings that emerged from the surveys, we situate our work amongst recent academic studies that have looked at the post-2013 aid changes in Australia. Our key findings are that the post-2013 changes to Australian aid have had wide-ranging impacts and have led to deteriorating overall aid quality. However, changes have not affected all aspects of the aid program equally, and some changes are starting to be reversed. In discussion, we examine what these developments mean for the future of Australian aid.

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Gauging Change in Australian Aid: Stakeholder Perceptions of the Government Aid Program

This paper reports on public opinion about aid in New Zealand. It details overall levels of support for aid increases as well as views about the purpose of aid. It also reports in aggregate on New Zealander’s views about aid effectiveness and development progress. The paper examines the correlates of support for increasing aid, as well as correlates of the belief that aid should be given primarily for the purpose of helping other countries. The paper also reports on the correlates of beliefs about aid effectiveness and development progress. Its central findings are as follows. Most New Zealanders are happy with current aid levels. Most also want New Zealand aid given primarily for the purpose of helping poor people in developing countries, rather than advancing New Zealand’s interests. Academic education and left-leaning political views are clearly associated with support for more aid. Religiosity is negatively associated with support for aid increases in most models. Believing that aid is effective is also positively associated with support for aid increases. However, its effect is less than that of political ideology. Older people, people with academic education and people with left-leaning political views are more likely to want aid given to help developing countries, as are people who think aid is effective. Men are considerably less likely to want aid given for altruistic ends.

Camilla Burkot

Papers

The impact of clinical placement model on learning in nursing: a descriptive exploratory study

Exploring the paradox: A cross-sectional study of academic dishonesty among Australian nursing students.

Making sense of HIV in southeastern Nigeria: fictional narratives, cultural meanings, and methodologies in medical anthropology.

Gauging Change in Australian Aid: Stakeholder Perceptions of the Government Aid Program

Is Support for Aid Related to Beliefs About Aid Effectiveness in New Zealand