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Carlos Negro

Bio: Carlos Negro is an academic researcher from Complutense University of Madrid. The author has contributed to research in topics: Flocculation & Pulp (paper). The author has an hindex of 32, co-authored 157 publications receiving 3738 citations. Previous affiliations of Carlos Negro include Monash University, Clayton campus.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Due to the large volumes of waste generated, the high moisture content of the waste and the changing waste composition as a result of process conditions, recovery methods are usually expensive and their environmental impact is still uncertain.

496 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of the present situation, from 2006 to date, of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor technology with special emphasis on performance and bottlenecks in terms of its application at industrial scale is provided.

272 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the new approaches tried recently to get BC production feasible at large scale as the reduction in the quality of raw materials, the use of by-products and the optimization of the culture method.
Abstract: Cellulose produced by bacteria (BC) has attracted increasing interest in view of its superior properties with respect to nanofibrillar structure, high purity and biocompatibility. Despite the intensive research, industrial production of BC has been limited, due to the low productivity, and the high cost of raw materials. This paper reviews the new approaches tried recently to get BC production feasible at large scale as the reduction in the quality of raw materials, the use of by-products and the optimization of the culture method. In addition, the new trends of enhancing specific properties of BC by varying culture conditions or by using additives have been reviewed. Thus, the paper presents how to obtain and enhance a desired property of BC for a specific use. This new approach will help researchers to develop new ideas in this field which will favour the commercialization of products made with BC and their industrial application.

188 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a non-imaging scanning laser microscope is used to study floc stability and resistance to shear forces, re-flocculation tendency and reversibility of the flocs.
Abstract: A methodology to study flocculation processes and floc properties using a non-imaging scanning laser microscope is presented in this paper. This methodology allows us to study floc stability and resistance to shear forces, re-flocculation tendency and reversibility of the flocs. Furthermore, optimal dosage of any polymer and the associated flocculation mechanism can be determined. In order to illustrate the technique, some examples applied to flocculation in papermaking are described. Although in this paper all the examples have been applied to papermaking, the developed methodology can be used in any process in which flocculation phenomena is involved.

132 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: In this paper, the properties of CNF, CNC and BC (aspect ratio, mechanical strength, elastic modulus and thermal stability, high surface area, low density and oxygen permeability) are described.
Abstract: Nanocellulose materials have emerged as a new family of nanomaterials of great interest. That is due to their environmental advantages, including their production from renewable resources, their biodegradability, biocompatibility and their high potential availability. The production processes and the properties of CNF, CNC and BC (aspect ratio, mechanical strength, elastic modulus and thermal stability, high surface area, low density and oxygen permeability, etc) will be described in detailed. Their potential applications in relation to their properties will be mentioned in general terms as an introduction to the specific applications described in the other sections (e.g. papermaking, composites, packaging, electronic devices, coatings, biomedicine, automotive, etc). The description could be focussed on the traditional and emerging trends for their production, their characterization and the quality demanded for the final applications.

108 citations


Cited by
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Journal Article
TL;DR: This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for "experimenters") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment.
Abstract: THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

13,333 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The most important members of the hexaferrite family are shown below, where Me = a small 2+ ion such as cobalt, nickel, or zinc, and Ba can be substituted by Sr: • M-type ferrites, such as BaFe12O19 (BaM or barium ferrite), SrFe 12O19(SrM or strontium ferite), and cobalt-titanium substituted M ferrite, Sr- or BaFe 12−2xCoxTixO19, or CoTiM as discussed by the authors.

1,855 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a glasshouse study of two agricultural soils with two biochars derived from the slow pyrolysis of papermill waste was assessed in a glass house study.
Abstract: The amendment of two agricultural soils with two biochars derived from the slow pyrolysis of papermill waste was assessed in a glasshouse study. Characterisation of both biochars revealed high surface area (115 m2 g−1) and zones of calcium mineral agglomeration. The biochars differed slightly in their liming values (33% and 29%), and carbon content (50% and 52%). Molar H/C ratios of 0.3 in the biochars suggested aromatic stability. At application rates of 10 t ha−1 in a ferrosol both biochars significantly increased pH, CEC, exchangeable Ca and total C, while in a calcarosol both biochars increased C while biochar 2 also increased exchangeable K. Biochars reduced Al availability (ca. 2 cmol (+) kg−1 to <0.1 cmol (+) kg−1) in the ferrosol. The analysis of biomass production revealed a range of responses, due to both biochar characteristics and soil type. Both biochars significantly increased N uptake in wheat grown in fertiliser amended ferrosol. Concomitant increase in biomass production (250% times that of control) therefore suggested improved fertiliser use efficiency. Likewise, biochar amendment significantly increased biomass in soybean and radish in the ferrosol with fertiliser. The calcarosol amended with fertiliser and biochar however gave varied crop responses: Increased soybean biomass, but reduced wheat and radish biomass. No significant effects of biochar were shown in the absence of fertiliser for wheat and soybean, while radish biomass increased significantly. Earthworms showed preference for biochar-amended ferrosol over control soils with no significant difference recorded for the calcarosol. The results from this work demonstrate that the agronomic benefits of papermill biochars have to be verified for different soil types and crops.

1,600 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review examines the mechanisms for the enhanced bioremediation of metal(loid)s by organic amendments and discusses the practical implications in relation to sequestration and bioavailability of metal-loids in soils.

763 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of the development of different types of flocculants that were being investigated for treatment of industrial wastewater can be found in this paper, where the flocculation mechanism is discussed.

723 citations