Author
Caroline S. Hoffman
Other affiliations: National Institutes of Health
Bio: Caroline S. Hoffman is an academic researcher from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The author has contributed to research in topics: Haloacetic acids & Pregnancy. The author has an hindex of 5, co-authored 6 publications receiving 303 citations. Previous affiliations of Caroline S. Hoffman include National Institutes of Health.
Topics: Haloacetic acids, Pregnancy, Birth weight, Tap water, Cohort study
Papers
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TL;DR: First trimester report of LMP reasonably approximates gestational age obtained from first trimester ultrasound, but the degree of discrepancy between estimates varies by important maternal characteristics, particularly among young women, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic women, and mothers of low-birthweight infants.
Abstract: Reported last menstrual period (LMP) is commonly used to estimate gestational age (GA) but may be unreliable. Ultrasound in the first trimester is generally considered a highly accurate method of pregnancy dating. The authors compared first trimester report of LMP and first trimester ultrasound for estimating GA at birth and examined whether disagreement between estimates varied by maternal and infant characteristics. Analyses included 1867 singleton livebirths to women enrolled in a prospective pregnancy cohort. The authors computed the difference between LMP and ultrasound GA estimates (GA difference) and examined the proportion of births within categories of GA difference stratified by maternal and infant characteristics. The proportion of births classified as preterm, term and post-term by pregnancy dating methods was also examined. LMP-based estimates were 0.8 days (standard deviation = 8.0, median = 0) longer on average than ultrasound estimates. LMP classified more births as post-term than ultrasound (4.0% vs. 0.7%). GA difference was greater among young women, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic women, women of non-optimal body weight and mothers of low-birthweight infants. Results indicate first trimester report of LMP reasonably approximates gestational age obtained from first trimester ultrasound, but the degree of discrepancy between estimates varies by important maternal characteristics.
143 citations
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TL;DR: The effects of exposure to TTHMs, haloacetic acids, and total organic halide on the probability of delivering a small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infant and on birth weight at term are examined.
Abstract: Background:Previous studies suggest that elevated exposure to drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs)—in particular, total trihalomethanes (TTHMs)—may lead to fetal growth restriction. We examined the effects of exposure to TTHMs, haloacetic acids, and total organic halide on the probability
86 citations
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TL;DR: This study does not support an association between PBB exposure and endometriosis, but findings for serum PCB level are consistent with an emerging body of literature suggesting an association.
42 citations
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TL;DR: The probability of preterm birth was not increased with high DBP exposure and the conditional odds of delivery each week were decreased for the highest TTHM and HAA5 exposure groups versus the low exposure group for gestational weeks 33–40.
Abstract: Background:Recent studies suggest elevated exposure to drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) may be associated with decreased risk of preterm birth. We examined this association for exposure to total trihalomethanes (TTHMs), 5 haloacetic acids (HAA5), and total organic halides.Methods:Analy
40 citations
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TL;DR: High water intake may be associated with higher mean birth weight following adjustment for confounding, and an exposure-response gradient was not detected for either preterm delivery or SGA with increasing total water intake and total tap water intake.
Abstract: Interpretation of previous associations between water intake and adverse birth outcomes is challenging given that amount and type of water consumed can be non-specific markers of exposure or underlying behavioural characteristics. We examined the relationship between water intake measures and adverse birth outcomes in participants from three study sites in the United States. Using a prospective cohort study, we examined daily intake of bottled, cold tap, total tap, and total water in relation to birth weight and risk of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) among term births and risk of preterm delivery. Based on water consumption data collected between 20-24 weeks of gestation, the adjusted mean birth weight was 27 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -34, 87), 39 (95% CI: -22, 99), and 50 (95% CI: -11, 110) grams higher for the upper three total water intake quartiles (> 51-78, > 78-114, and > 114 ounces/day) compared to the lowest quartile (≤ 51 ounces/day). Adjusted birth weight results were similar for bottled water, cold tap water, and total tap water intake. An exposure-response gradient was not detected for either preterm delivery or SGA with increasing total water intake and total tap water intake, but adjusted relative risks for all three upper quartiles were below 1.0 (range: 0.6-0.9) for SGA. These data suggest that high water intake may be associated with higher mean birth weight following adjustment for confounding.
12 citations
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1,457 citations
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TL;DR: The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP or WHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
1,192 citations
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TL;DR: The ISUOG CSC documents are not intended to establish a legal standard of care because interpretation of the evidence that underpins the Guidelines may be influenced by individual circumstances, local protocol and available resources.
Abstract: The International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) is a scientific organization that encourages safe clinical practice and high-quality teaching and research related to diagnostic imaging in women’s healthcare. The ISUOG Clinical Standards Committee (CSC) has a remit to develop Practice Guidelines and Consensus Statements that provide healthcare practitioners with a consensus-based approach for diagnostic imaging. They are intended to reflect what is considered by ISUOG to be the best practice at the time at which they are issued. Although ISUOG has made every effort to ensure that Guidelines are accurate when issued, neither the Society nor any of its employees or members accept any liability for the consequences of any inaccurate or misleading data, opinions or statements issued by the CSC. The ISUOG CSC documents are not intended to establish a legal standard of care because interpretation of the evidence that underpins the Guidelines may be influenced by individual circumstances, local protocol and available resources. Approved Guidelines can be distributed freely with the permission of ISUOG (info@isuog.org).
454 citations
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Maryville College1, Natural Resources Defense Council2, University of Florida3, National Institutes of Health4, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center5, Washington State University6, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Japan7, University of Copenhagen8, Tulane University9, University of California, San Francisco10, Tufts University11, University of Rochester12, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center13, Northwestern University14
TL;DR: This review of the EDC literature as it relates to female health provides an important platform on which women's health can be improved and illustrates the sensitivity of early life-stage exposures.
419 citations
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TL;DR: Critical methodologic complexities include the need for a clear case definition; valid selection of comparison/control groups; and consideration of diagnostic bias and reverse causation when exploring demographic characteristics, medical history, and lifestyle factors.
Abstract: Endometriosis affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. Characteristics robustly associated with a greater risk for endometriosis include early age at menarche, short menstrual cycle length, and lean body size, whereas greater parity has been associated with a lower risk. Relationships with other potential characteristics including physical activity, dietary factors, and lactation have been less consistent, partially because of the need for rigorous data collection and a longitudinal study design. Critical methodologic complexities include the need for a clear case definition; valid selection of comparison/control groups; and consideration of diagnostic bias and reverse causation when exploring demographic characteristics, medical history, and lifestyle factors. Reviewers and editors must demand a detailed description of rigorous methods to facilitate comparison and replication to advance our understanding of endometriosis.
350 citations