Casey D. Blitt

Bio: Casey D. Blitt is an academic researcher from University of Arizona. The author has contributed to research in topics: Resuscitation & Epinephrine. The author has an hindex of 22, co-authored 44 publications receiving 4109 citations.

practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult airway An Updated Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Management of the Difficult Airway

Abstract: RACTICE Guidelines are systematically developed recommendations that assist the practitioner and patient in making decisions about health care. These recommendations may be adopted, modified, or rejected according to clinical needs and constraints and are not intended to replace local institutional policies. In addition, Practice Guidelines developed by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) are not intended as standards or absolute requirements, and their use cannot guarantee any specific outcome. Practice Guidelines are subject to revision as warranted by the evolution of medical knowledge, technology, and practice. They provide basic recommendations that are supported by a synthesis and analysis of the current literature, expert and practitioner opinion, open-forum commentary, and clinical feasibility data. This document updates the “Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway: An Updated Report by

Practice guidelines for central venous access: a report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Central Venous Access.

Abstract: P RACTICE Guidelines are systematically developed recommendations that assist the practitioner and patient in making decisions about health care. These recommendations may be adopted, modified, or rejected according to clinical needs and constraints, and are not intended to replace local institutional policies. In addition, Practice Guidelines developed by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) are not intended as standards or absolute requirements, and their use cannot guarantee any specific outcome. Practice Guidelines are subject to revision as warranted by the evolution of medical knowledge, technology, and practice. They provide basic recommendations that are supported by a synthesis and analysis of the current literature, expert and practitioner opinion, open forum commentary, and clinical feasibility data.

Relative importance of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors during resuscitation.

Abstract: Successful resuscitation from cardiac arrest in the asphyxiated dog model has been ascribed to the use of artificial ventilation, closed chest cardiac massage, and administration of a vasopressor. Controversy remains over whether the most commonly employed vasopressor, epinephrine, exerts its effects primarily by elevating diastolic pressure and reestablishing coronary flow, or by exciting cardiac pacemaker cells and enhancing myocardial contractility. To observe pure alpha and beta adrenergic receptor influences during resuscitation, three groups (alpha-blocked, beta-blocked, unblocked) of dogs were studied. beta-blocked dogs resuscitated with phenylephrine and unblocked dogs resuscitated with epinephrine experienced 100% successful resumption of spontaneous circulation after 5 min of asphyxia-induced arrest. Only 27% of alpha-blocked animals resuscitated with isoproterenol were successfully revived. The appearance of the ECG during cardiac arrest and resuscitation could in no way be used to predict the outcome of resuscitation attempts. Results suggest that, initially, alpha receptor stimulation with concomitant diastolic pressure elevation is more important to the success of resuscitation than beta receptor stimulation.

Practice Advisory for the Prevention of Perioperative Peripheral Neuropathies A Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Pre ven ti0 n of Pe riopera tive Peripheral Ne u ropa th ies

Abstract: PRACTICE advisories are systematically developed reports that are intended to assist decision-making in areas of patient care where scientific evidence is insufficient. Advisories provide a synthesis and analysis of expert opinion, clinical feasibility data, open forum commentary, and consensus surveys. Advisories are not intended as standards, guidelines, or absolute requirements. They may be adopted, modified, or rejected according to clinical needs and constraints. The use of practice advisories cannot guarantee any specific outcome. Practice advisories report the state of the literature and opinions derived from a synthesis of task force members, expert consultants, open forums This article is featured in “This Month in Anesthesiology.” Please see this issue of ANESTHESIOLOGY, page 5A.

Mechanism of action of epinephrine in resuscitation from asphyxial arrest.

Abstract: To determine the relative importance of the alpha and beta adrenergic effects of epinephrine in resuscitation, 32 dogs were studied in four groups. Group A (alpha blocked) received phenoxybenzamine, 70 mg/kg; group B (beta blocked), propranolol 5 mg/kg; group C (alpha and beta blocked) both drugs; and group D (control), no drug. After this treatment and 5 min of asphyxial arrest, all animals received closed chest cardiac massage (CCCM), artificial ventilation (AR), and epinephrine, 1 mg, iv. Resumption of spontaneous circulation occurred with the following frequency: group A, 0/8; group B, 6/8, group C, 0/8, group D, 7/8. The difference in successful resuscitation of the alpha blocked animals and the not alpha blocked animals is statistically significant (P less than or equal to 0.01). It is concluded that the efficacy of epinephrine in aiding resumption of spontaneous circulation from asphyxial arrest is due to alpha adrenergic receptor stimulation and that beta receptor stimulation is not important in determining outcome.

Part 8: Adult Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care

Abstract: The goal of therapy for bradycardia or tachycardia is to rapidly identify and treat patients who are hemodynamically unstable or symptomatic due to the arrhythmia. Drugs or, when appropriate, pacing may be used to control unstable or symptomatic bradycardia. Cardioversion or drugs or both may be used to control unstable or symptomatic tachycardia. ACLS providers should closely monitor stable patients pending expert consultation and should be prepared to aggressively treat those with evidence of decompensation.

Difficult Airway Society 2015 guidelines for management of unanticipated difficult intubation in adults

Abstract: Theseguidelines provide a strategy to manageunanticipated difficulty with tracheal intubation. Theyare foundedon published evidence. Where evidence is lacking, they have been directed by feedback from members of the Difficult Airway Society and based on expert opinion. These guidelines have been informed by advances in the understanding of crisis management; they emphasize the recognition and declaration of difficulty during airway management. A simplified, single algorithm now covers unanticipated difficulties in both routine intubation and rapid sequence induction. Planning for failed intubation should form part of the pre-induction briefing, particularly for urgent surgery. Emphasis is placed on assessment, preparation, positioning, preoxygenation, maintenance of oxygenation, and minimizing trauma from airway interventions. It is recommended that the number of airway interventions are limited, and blind techniques using a bougie or through supraglottic airway devices have been superseded by video- or fibre-optically guided intubation. If tracheal intubation fails, supraglottic airway devices are recommended to provide a route for oxygenation while reviewing how to proceed. Second-generation devices have advantages and are recommended. When both tracheal intubation and supraglottic airway device insertion have failed, waking the patient is the default option. If at this stage, face-mask oxygenation is impossible in the presence of muscle relaxation, cricothyroidotomy should follow immediately. Scalpel cricothyroidotomy is recommended as the preferred rescue technique and should be practised by all anaesthetists. The plans outlined are designed to be simple and easy to follow. They should be regularly rehearsed and made familiar to the whole theatre team.

Signal processing apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention involves method and apparatus for analyzing two measured signals that are modeled as containing primary and secondary portions. Coefficients relate the two signals according to a model defined in accordance with the present invention. In one embodiment, the present invention involves utilizing a transformation which evaluates a plurality of possible signal coefficients in order to find appropriate coefficients. Alternatively, the present invention involves using statistical functions or Fourier transform and windowing techniques to determine the coefficients relating to two measured signals. Use of this invention is described in particular detail with respect to blood oximetry measurements.