Showing papers by "Chandra Mohini Chaturvedi published in 2017"
TL;DR: It is suggested that high blood glucose and NO level induced oxidative stress may lead to neuroinflammation possibly via NF‐&kgr;B signalling.
31 citations
TL;DR: The focus of study is to elucidate out the underlying molecular mechanism of modulation of the hypothalamic reproductive circuitry following the photoperception through the hypothalamus photoreceptor cells and the subsequent alteration in the reproductive responses in quail, kept under different simulated photoperiodic conditions.
Abstract: Birds time their daily and seasonal activities in synchronization with circadian and annual periodicities in the environment, which is mainly provided by changes in photoperiod/day length conditions. Photoperiod appears to act at the level of eye, pineal and encephalic/deep brain photoperception and thus entrain the hypothalamic clock as well as reproductive circuitry in different avian species. In this article our focus of study is to elucidate out the underlying molecular mechanism of modulation of the hypothalamic reproductive circuitry following the photoperception through the hypothalamic photoreceptor cells and the subsequent alteration in the reproductive responses in quail, kept under different simulated photoperiodic conditions. Present study investigated the different simulated photoperiodic conditions induced hypothalamic DBP-GnRH-GnIH system mediated translation of photoperiodic information and subsequent exhibition of differential photosexual responses (scoto-/photo-sensitivity and refractoriness) in Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica. Paired testes weight and paired testicular volume increased 15.9 and 22.6-fold respectively in scotorefractory quail compare to that of scotosensitive phase and 12.8 and 24.3-fold in photosensitive quail compare to that of photorefractory phase. The pineal/eye melatonin (through melatonin receptor subtype Mel1cR) and hypothalamic deep brain photoreceptor (DBPs) cells directly modulate the hypothalamic GnRH-I/II and GnIH system and thus exhibit testicular stimulation or regression in response to different photoperiodic conditions (PS, PR, SS and SR). The hypothalamic alteration of DBP(s) and GnRH-GnIH system thus may induce the testicular stimulation in PS and SR quail and testicular regression in SS and PR quail.
22 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that photoperiod induced testicular stimulation in photosensitive/scotorefractory quail may be due to apoptotic inhibition and testicular regression in scotosensitive/photorefracted quail is guided by apoptosis, an effect invariably regulated by local action of GnRH and GnIH.
Abstract: In most of the avian species, daylength or photoperiod is the main environmental factor regulating reproduction. During their annual gonadal cycle, birds once sensitive to short or long day effect develop refractoriness to the same daylength and gonad develop or regress accordingly. The present study investigated the effects of photoperiodic alterations on apoptosis mediated testicular responses of photosensitive/photorefractory and scotosensitive/scotorefractory quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica. Testicular apoptosis in the quail of different photoperiodic conditions was assessed by monitoring the alterations in the local testicular expression of GnRH-I, GnIH, pro-apoptotic proteins (p53 and Bax), inactive caspase (pro-Caspase-3), executioner active-Caspase-3 and inactive/uncleaved PARP-1 (DNA repair enzyme) and TUNEL analysis. Alterations in these parameters indicate that testicular quiescence/regression in scotosensitive and photorefractory quail is mediated by apoptosis of testicular cells and hence apoptosis appears to be the key mechanism of testicular regression in Japanese quail. Present findings demonstrated the underlying molecular mechanism of how avian testes respond differentially to same photoperiodic conditions and exhibit scoto-/photo-sensitivity and refractoriness. It is concluded that photoperiod induced testicular stimulation in photosensitive/scotorefractory quail may be due to apoptotic inhibition and testicular regression in scotosensitive/photorefractory quail is guided by apoptosis, an effect invariably regulated by local action of GnRH and GnIH.
17 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that mobile phone radiation induces oxidative and nitrosative stress, which affects the reproductive performance of female mice.
16 citations