Studies on energetic compounds. Part 8 : Thermolysis of salts of HNO3 and HClO4

Nanometer metal oxides were highly desirable to increase the burning rate of composite solid propellant because of their high catalytic activities. However, poor dispersibility limits their wide applications. In this work, the dispersibility of CuO was enhanced significantly by attachment to the mesoporous silica SBA-15. CuO/SBA-15 composites were prepared by using impregnation method with as-prepared SBA-15 as support, and the occluded template (P123) in SBA-15 promoted the dispersion of CuO on SBA-15. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that no CuO crystalline visible in the composite and N2 adsorption-desorption showed a great amount of CuO dispersion on SBA-15. As the catalyst of propellant, CuO/SBA-15 composite not only enhanced the burning rate of propellant but also decreased the pressure exponent. With the addition of 1 wt% CuO/SBA-15 in the propellant, the burning rate of AP-based propellant increased 9.5%, and pressure exponent decreased 17.3%.

Preparation of CuO Modified SBA-15 and Applications as Catalyst in AP/HTPB Solid State Propellants

The combustion of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) - ammonium perchlorate (AP) composite solid propellants has been studied using transition metal (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) salts of 5-nitro-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-one (NTO) as energetic burning rate additives. The steady burning rate (r) was considerably enhanced with Cu(NTO)2 and Fe(NTO)2 whereas moderately enhanced with Zn(NTO)2 and Co(NTO)2 at low concentration (2% by wt.). Activity of these salts has been observed during isothermal decomposition of AP at 260°C. The values of ignition delay (tiJ), ignition temperature (Tign.) and activation energy for ignition (E∗) for AP has also been lowered when these salts are added to it at 2% wt. concentration. The processing parameters as well as mechanical properties of the propellants with Cu(NTO)2 as additive have been studied in detail. The r of the propellants (both highly aluminized and less aluminized) with Cu(NTO)2 as additive at various concentrations, has been determined at h...

Studies on energetic compounds part 15 : Transition metal salts of NTO as potential energetic ballistic modifiers for composite solid propellants

Tritium as a tracer in coal liquefaction. Part II. Reactions of tritiated hydrogen molecules and datong coal

The compounds Ni1−x
 Cu
 x
 Cr2O4 (0⩽x⩽1) have been synthesised by solid-state reaction between basic nickel(II) carbonate, basic copper(II) carbonate and chromium (III) carbonate in required molar ratios at 800±10°C for 20 hr. The reaction products have been characterized by chemical analyses and powder x-ray diffraction patterns. Magnetic susceptibility has been measured in the temperature range of 300–900 K at 10 kOe. All the products show ferrimagnetic behaviour with the ferrimagnetic Curie temperature (T
 c) in the range of 50–150 K. The curie temperature increases when copper(II) ion is substituted for nickel(II) ion in NiCr2O4. The experimental values of the average effective magneton number (p-0304;) agree with theoretical values.

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Magnetic properties of Ni1−x Cu x Cr2O4(0⩽x⩽1) compounds

Effect of copper chromite and copper chromitecopper oxide mixture catalysts on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate and composite solid propellant

Chandra Shekhar Shukla

Papers

Effect of copper chromite and copper chromitecopper oxide mixture catalysts on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate and composite solid propellant