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Charlotte Martin de Fonjaudran

Bio: Charlotte Martin de Fonjaudran is an academic researcher from Courtauld Institute of Art. The author has contributed to research in topics: Indian yellow & Cyclododecane. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 10 publications receiving 51 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An alternative method for the preparation of cross-sections of wall painting samples was developed using cyclododecane (C12H24) as a temporary consolidant and barrier coating to encapsulate the sample, and to provide necessary support to produce a cross-section through microtoming.
Abstract: Wall paintings typically contain low concentrations of organic materials within a largely inorganic matrix and are characterised by their high porosity and long-term exposure to severe environmental conditions. The identification of organic materials within specific paint or plaster layers is challenging and the inherent characteristics of wall painting samples present further complications. Embedding materials (such as epoxy, polyester and acrylic-based resins) used to produce cross-sections often infiltrate porous and leanly bound samples, and compromise the interpretation of Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) spectra and the qualitative identification of natural organic materials. An alternative method for the preparation of cross-sections of wall painting samples was developed using cyclododecane (C12H24) as a temporary consolidant and barrier coating to encapsulate the sample, and to provide necessary support to produce a cross-section through microtoming. Impacts of traditional and novel sample preparation techniques on the identification of organic materials with micro-FTIR-ATR were examined for both replica and real wall painting samples.

29 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a multi-analytical study focusing on two samples from an early 17th-century wall painting and two reference pigments from the British Museum and National Gallery (London, UK) is presented.

15 citations

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TL;DR: In this paper, a cleaning method for removing carbonaceous dirt from lime-based wall paintings by utilizing hydrogels in combination with aqueous cleaning liquids is described, which is based on Nanorestore Gel.
Abstract: This paper describes a cleaning method for removing ingrained carbonaceous dirt from lime-based wall paintings by utilizing hydrogels in combination with aqueous cleaning liquids. Nanorestore Gel® ...

8 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the optical properties of Indian yellow were investigated both in solid state and in aqueous solution and correlated with its chemical composition, and the results were corroborated by a theoretical study carried out on the different xanthone derivatives that comprise the pigment under investigation, both as isolated molecules and in polar (protic) solvent, to help the assignment of the excited states involved in the photoinduced process.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The design and evaluation of site-specific injection grouts for the stabilisation of delaminated wall paintings is often challenging to perform in situ, due to constraints such as time, availabilit... as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The design and evaluation of site-specific injection grouts for the stabilisation of delaminated wall paintings is often challenging to perform in situ, due to constraints such as time, availabilit...

5 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The use of synchrotron radiation techniques to study cultural heritage and archaeological materials has undergone a steep increase over the past 10-15 years as mentioned in this paper and the main focus so far has been on X-ray techniques.
Abstract: The use of synchrotron radiation techniques to study cultural heritage and archaeological materials has undergone a steep increase over the past 10–15 years. The range of materials studied is very broad and encompasses painting materials, stone, glass, ceramics, metals, cellulosic and wooden materials, and a cluster of organic-based materials, in phase with the diversity observed at archaeological sites, museums, historical buildings, etc. Main areas of investigation are: (1) the study of the alteration and corrosion processes, for which the unique non-destructive speciation capabilities of X-ray absorption have proved very beneficial, (2) the understanding of the technologies and identification of the raw materials used to produce archaeological artefacts and art objects and, to a lesser extent, (3) the investigation of current or novel stabilisation, conservation and restoration practices. In terms of the synchrotron methods used, the main focus so far has been on X-ray techniques, primarily X-ray fluorescence, absorption and diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. We review here the use of these techniques from recent works published in the field demonstrating the breadth of applications and future potential offered by third generation synchrotron techniques. New developments in imaging and advanced spectroscopy, included in the UV/visible and IR ranges, could even broaden the variety of materials studied, in particular by fostering more studies on organic and complex organic–inorganic mixtures, while new support activities at synchrotron facilities might facilitate transfer of knowledge between synchrotron specialists and users from archaeology and cultural heritage sciences.

87 citations

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TL;DR: In this paper, a series of paint cross sections from an oil painting are studied by attenuated total reflection in conjunction with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (SEM-EDX).

48 citations

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TL;DR: Principal-component analysis has been successfully used for the re-construction of the image, extracting the relevant information from the complex full spectral data sets and obtaining reliable chemical distributions of the stratigraphy materials.
Abstract: Paintings are composed of superimposed layers of inorganic and organic materials (pigments and binders). Knowledge of the stratigraphic sequence of these heterogeneous layers is fundamental for understanding the artist's painting technique and for conservation issues. In this study, micro-IR mapping experiments in reflection mode have been carried out on cross-sections taken from simulations of ancient easel paintings. The objective was to locate both organic binders and inorganic pigments. Chemical maps have been re-constructed using the common approach based on the integration of specific infrared bands. However, owing to the complexity of painting materials, this approach is not always applicable when dealing with broad and superimposed spectral features and with reststrahlen or derivative-like bands resulting from acquisition in reflection mode. To overcome these limitations, principal-component analysis has been successfully used for the re-construction of the image, extracting the relevant information from the complex full spectral data sets and obtaining reliable chemical distributions of the stratigraphy materials. Different pigment-binder combinations have been evaluated in order to understand limitations and strengths of the approach. Finally, the method has been applied for stratigraphic characterization of a cross-section from a 17th century wooden sculpture identifying both the original paint layer and the several overpaintings constituting the complex stratigraphy.

45 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Research is presented using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanotags complexed to secondary antibodies in conjunction with primary antibodies for the localization of ovalbumin, collagen, and casein in cross-sections from replicas and artworks containing avian egg, animal glue, or casein binders.
Abstract: There are several analytical techniques currently in use in conservation science to identify proteins in artworks. However, as is often the case, the determination of the exact location of a protein in a complex layer structure is challenging due to difficulty in separating layers. Localization of the protein in a cross-section has been demonstrated through attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared mapping and imaging as well as chemiluminescent and fluorescent-labeled antibodies; however, these techniques either require expensive instrumental setups or produce results that can be challenging to interpret. This paper will present research using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanotags complexed to secondary antibodies in conjunction with primary antibodies for the localization of ovalbumin, collagen, and casein in cross-sections from replicas and artworks containing avian egg, animal glue, or casein binders. The advantages of this technique over the others are (1) the detection method is a Raman microscope, equipment found in several museum laboratories; (2) the distinctive SERS signal from the nanotag increases the detection limit of the protein and decreases the interference from other colorants present in the cross-section layers; and finally, (3) the large (120 nm) SERS-labeled antibodies do not appear to penetrate into the cross-section, eliminating the risk of spurious signal and misidentification. Any agglomerations due to surface texture are clearly visible under normal illumination and can be avoided easily during analysis or removed with a light polish. This technique not only allows protein localization in multilayered samples while preserving the stratigraphic information but also retains the protein specificity of the antibody approach.

45 citations