Chi-Yue Chiu

Bio: Chi-Yue Chiu is an academic researcher from The Chinese University of Hong Kong. The author has contributed to research in topics: Cultural diversity & Social psychology (sociology). The author has an hindex of 63, co-authored 245 publications receiving 16299 citations. Previous affiliations of Chi-Yue Chiu include Chinese Academy of Social Sciences & Columbia University.

Relational Mobility Predicts Social Behaviors in 39 Countries and Is Tied to Historical Farming and Threat

Abstract: Biologists and social scientists have long tried to understand why some societies have more fluid and open interpersonal relationships, and how those differences influence culture. This study measures relational mobility, a socioecological variable quantifying voluntary (high relational mobility) versus fixed (low relational mobility) interpersonal relationships. We measure relational mobility in 39 societies and test whether it predicts social behavior. People in societies with higher relational mobility report more pro-active interpersonal behaviors (e.g., self-disclosure and social support) and psychological tendencies that help them build and retain relationships (e.g., general trust, intimacy, self-esteem). Finally, we explore ecological factors that could explain relational mobility differences across societies. Relational mobility was lower in societies that practiced settled, interdependent subsistence styles, such as rice farming, and in societies that had stronger ecological and historical threats.

Multiple Competencies and Self-Regulated Learning: Implications for Multicultural Education. Research in Multicultural Education and International Perspectives.

Abstract: Introduction. The Role of Multiple Competencies and Self-regulated Learning in Multicultural Education. Chi-yue Chiu and Farideh Salili, and Ying-yi Hong. PART I: Multiple Competencies. Intelligence Tests as Measures of Developing Expertise. Robert J. Sternberg. Authority and Learning in Confucian-Heritage Education: A Relational Methodological Analysis. David Yau-fai Ho, Si-qing Peng, and Fiona Shui-fun Chan. Implicit Concept Mapping: Methodology and Applications in Knowledge Assessment. Eugene V. Aidman. Analogical Problem Construction as an Indicator of Understanding In Mathematics Problem Solving. Allan B. I. Bernardo. The Changing Model of Intellectual Abilities: Effects on Schooling in Hong Kong. Jimmy Chan. PART II: Self-Regulated Learning. From Motivation to Self-regulation: Clustering Students' Motivational and Cognitive Characteristics and Exploring the Impact of Social Interaction on Learning. Jennifer Archer. Motivation and Self-regulation: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of the Effect Of Culture and Context of Learning on Student Motivation and Self-regulation. Farideh Salili, Ho-ying Fu, Yuk-yue Tong, and Diana Tabatabai. Why Pursue a College Education? The Influence of Early Reflection and Goal Orientation on Adjustment During The First Semester. Regina Conti. Motivational Change and Transition in the Transition from Primary School to Secondary School. Judith MacCallum. Implicit Theories and Coping with Achievement Setbacks. Wai-man Ip & Chi-yue Chiu. Relationship Between Academic Performance and Use of Self-Regulated Learning Strategies Among Form Iv Students in Zimbabwe. Alex R. Matambo. An Investigative Research in Teaching and Learning in Chinese Societies. David Yau-fai Ho, Si-qing Peng, and Fiona Shui-fun Chan.

Personal qualities are malleable and fixed: Ambivalent mindset, capability ranking reinforcement, and parent–child relationship among Hong Kong Chinese parents

Abstract: Past research showed that people may hold contradictory ideas about something or someone. Mindset ambivalence refers to the psychological state in which a person holds contradictory beliefs about the malleability of a valued attribute and spontaneously expresses agreement with both the fixed and growth mindsets. Our past findings showed that a sizable proportion of Hong Kong Chinese adults possess the ambivalent mindset. In the present study, 101 Hong Kong Chinese parents completed a survey during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings provided further support for the prevalence of the ambivalent mindset. In addition, we found that parents with the ambivalent mindset tended to support several parental practices that would reinforce the relative ability rankings of their children. These practices included person praise, mobilization of effort to compensate for low ability, and lowering of expectation to avoid future failures. Finally, the use of these parental practices was accompanied by deterioration of parent–child relationship when children displayed undesirable self-regulatory behaviors. We discuss these findings’ implications for growth mindset interventions in Chinese societies.

Detecting the Needs for Happiness and Meaning in Life from Google Books

Abstract: Research has shown that subjective well-being has two related but distinct dimensions, eudaimonic well-being and hedonic well-being. Hedonic well-being refers to one's overall positive affective experiences, while eudaimonic well-being is related to having a meaningful and noble purpose for life. While people are striving to have a happy and meaningful life, their motivations can be influenced by socio-economic conditions and contexts. In this study, we analyzed words frequencies in the Google Books corpus to measure the changing needs for eudaimonic and hedonic well-being and their relationships with economic growth. Results show that the frequencies of words related to hedonic well-being decrease while those related to eudaimonic well-being increase over the years. Furthermore, when people are poor, their motivation for hedonic well-being is relatively high. The hedonic motivational strength dramatically decreases and becomes stable when income reaches at a certain level. In contrast, people have relatively low motivation for eudaimonic well-being when they are poor. The eudaimonic motivational strength dramatically increases and becomes stable when income reaches at a certain level. Our study demonstrates an example of measuring subjective well-being through analysis of digital media. Index Terms—Psychology, Google, happiness, well-being, wealth.

Perceived Behavioral Control, Self-Efficacy, Locus of Control, and the Theory of Planned Behavior

Abstract: Conceptual and methodological ambiguities surrounding the concept of perceived behavioral control are clarified. It is shown that perceived control over performance of a behavior, though comprised of separable components that reflect beliefs about self-efficacy and about controllability, can nevertheless be considered a unitary latent variable in a hierarchical factor model. It is further argued that there is no necessary correspondence between self-efficacy and internal control factors, or between controllability and external control factors. Self-efficacy and controllability can reflect internal as well as external factors and the extent to which they reflect one or the other is an empirical question. Finally, a case is made that measures of perceived behavioral control need to incorporate self-efficacy as well as controllability items that are carefully selected to ensure high internal consistency. Summary and Conclusions Perceived control over performance of a behavior can account for consider- able variance in intentions and actions. However, ambiguities surrounding the concept of perceived behavioral control have tended to create uncertainties and to impede progress. The present article attempted to clarify conceptual ambiguities and resolve issues related to the operationalization of perceived behavioral control. Recent research has demonstrated that the overarching concept of perceived behavioral control, as commonly assessed, is comprised of two components: self-efficacy (dealing largely with the ease or difficulty of performing a behavior) and controllability (the extent to which performance is up to the actor). Contrary to a widely accepted view, it was argued that self-efficacy expectations do not necessarily correspond to beliefs about internal control factors, and that controllability expectations have no necessary basis in the perceived operation of external factors. Instead, it was suggested that self-efficacy and controllability may both reflect beliefs about the presence of internal as well as external factors. Rather than making a priori assumptions about the internal or external locus of self-efficacy and controllability, this issue is best treated as an empirical question. Also of theoretical significance, the present article tried to dispel the notion that self-efficacy and controllability are incompatible with, or independent of, each other. Although factor analyses of perceived behavioral control items provide clear and consistent evidence for the distinction, there is sufficient commonality between self-efficacy and controllability to suggest a two-level hierarchical model. In this model, perceived behavioral control is the overarching, superordinate construct that is comprised of two lower-level components: self-efficacy and controllability. This view of the control component in the theory of planned behavior implies that measures of perceived behavioral control should contain items that assess self-efficacy as well as controllability. Depending on the purpose of the investigation, a decision can be made to aggregate over all items, treating perceived behavioral control as a unitary factor, or to distinguish between self-efficacy and controllability by entering separate indices into the prediction equation.

The WEIRDest People in the World

Abstract: Behavioral scientists routinely publish broad claims about human psychology and behavior in the world's top journals based on samples drawn entirely from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) societies. Researchers - often implicitly - assume that either there is little variation across human populations, or that these "standard subjects" are as representative of the species as any other population. Are these assumptions justified? Here, our review of the comparative database from across the behavioral sciences suggests both that there is substantial variability in experimental results across populations and that WEIRD subjects are particularly unusual compared with the rest of the species - frequent outliers. The domains reviewed include visual perception, fairness, cooperation, spatial reasoning, categorization and inferential induction, moral reasoning, reasoning styles, self-concepts and related motivations, and the heritability of IQ. The findings suggest that members of WEIRD societies, including young children, are among the least representative populations one could find for generalizing about humans. Many of these findings involve domains that are associated with fundamental aspects of psychology, motivation, and behavior - hence, there are no obvious a priori grounds for claiming that a particular behavioral phenomenon is universal based on sampling from a single subpopulation. Overall, these empirical patterns suggests that we need to be less cavalier in addressing questions of human nature on the basis of data drawn from this particularly thin, and rather unusual, slice of humanity. We close by proposing ways to structurally re-organize the behavioral sciences to best tackle these challenges.

Rethinking individualism and collectivism: evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses.

Abstract: Are Americans more individualistic and less collectivistic than members of other groups? The authors summarize plausible psychological implications of individualism-collectivism (IND-COL), meta-analyze cross-national and within-United States IND-COL differences, and review evidence for effects of IND-COL on self-concept, well-being, cognition, and relationality. European Americans were found to be both more individualistic-valuing personal independence more-and less collectivistic-feeling duty to in-groups less-than others. However, European Americans were not more individualistic than African Americans, or Latinos, and not less collectivistic than Japanese or Koreans. Among Asians, only Chinese showed large effects, being both less individualistic and more collectivistic. Moderate IND-COL effects were found on self-concept and relationality, and large effects were found on attribution and cognitive style.