This study suggests an effective non-linear control scheme to improve wind energy production for getting maximum output power during partial load operation from a variable speed wind turbine generator. The proposed control strategy is based on an integral backstepping control using Tip-Speed-Ratio approach (TSR) for Wind Turbine Generators applications to optimize the wind energy captured by the system operating under rating wind speed. The proposed method has a fast and robust tracking capability. In addition, it is not necessary to know the parameters of the generator so as to get the control signal. This control method is known to scale back the mechanical stress on the generator and turbine shafts. Moreover, the Integral Backstepping Control (IBSC) policy is relatively simple, that considerably reduces the online computational cost and time. The time-domain simulation results prove the efficient operation of the proposed TSR-IBSC with fast system response compared to standard TSR approach.

Advanced non-linear backstepping control design for variable speed wind turbine power maximization based on tip-speed-ratio approach during partial load operation

The paper proposes an effective nonlinear integral backstepping approach strategy (IBS) through the use of a new adaptive power control algorithm for variable-speed wind turbine generators (VS-WTGs) to optimize the power extracted from the WTGs. The suggested approach is applied to one of the most frequently used maximum power control methods called as tip speed ratio (TSR) during partial-load operation considering the effects of the variations in wind velocity profile and unmodeled system dynamics such as external disturbances. The proposed method of control is known to scale-back the mechanical stress at the level of the GT shafts (generator and turbine). Furthermore, the IBS approach is relatively simple, which significantly reduces the online computational time and cost. Some numerical simulation results prove, under different wind speed models, that the proposed AC-TSR-IBS method works well on the level of the improved efficiency and the rapid system response compared to conventional TSR-PI method.

Adaptive Control of Wind Turbine Generators for Power Capture Optimization by Using Integral Backstepping Approach During Partial-Load Operation

Fuzzy logic based optimal tip speed ratio MPPT controller for grid connected WECS

Integration of Renewable Energy sources (RES) is gaining popularity to improve the power supply reliability and quality. This helps in reducing the burden on national power grid and carbon emissions in the environment. Wind energy is the fastest growing RES due to its technological advancements, but it is essential to achieve maximum possible aerodynamic efficiency through maximum power point tracking controller/ technique (MPPT). MPPT techniques of wind energy conversion system (WECS) is a highly researched area in wind energy systems. Enormous literature is available & development work has been carried on Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) based WECS with various MPPT techniques applied for maximum energy harvesting from available wind. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of available conventional and smart MPPT techniques possible with PMSG based WECS with recent advancements in each and every technique. A comparative analysis is presented to select the best MPPT technique as per requirement.

A Comprehensive Review of Traditional and Smart MPPT Techniques in PMSG based Wind Energy Conversion System

The use of renewable energy techniques is becoming increasingly popular because of rising demand and the threat of negative carbon footprints. Wind power offers a great deal of untapped potential as an alternative source of energy. The rising demand for wind energy typically results in the generation of high-quality output electricity through grid integration. More sophisticated contemporary generators, power converters, energy management, and controllers have been recently developed to integrate wind turbines into the electricity system. However, a comprehensive review of the role of converters in the wind system’s power conversion, control, and application toward sustainable development is not thoroughly investigated. Thus, this paper proposes a comprehensive review of the impact of converters on wind energy conversion with its operation, control, and recent challenges. The converters’ impact on the integration and control of wind turbines was highlighted. Moreover, the conversion and implementation of the control of the wind energy power system have been analyzed in detail. Also, the recently advanced converters applications for wind energy conversion were presented. Finally, recommendations for future converters use in wind energy conversions were highlighted for efficient, stable, and sustainable wind power. This rigorous study will lead academic researchers and industry partners toward the development of optimal wind power technologies with improved efficiency, operation, and costs.

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Wind Energy Conversions, Controls, and Applications: A Review for Sustainable Technologies and Directions

Different types of renewable resources are need of the hour as fossil fuels are on The verge of extinction but electricity demand is increasing exponentially. In reality renewable energy is available in such a huge amount that it can provide 3078 times the present global energy need. Wind energy is one of these sources and having potential to generate 200 times energy than require globally. It is the oldest source of energy on the earth and from 1887 only it started to use for electricity generation. The efficiency of wind turbine, gear and generator decides the overall efficiency among this wind turbine is having scope of improvement. The wind turbine will generate maximum power if wind variation is less but it is not in someone's hand. Thus an MPPT technique comes into picture and maximizes power output. Various MPPT techniques are present till date, but in this paper we proposed perturb and observe, Incremental Conductance and Fuzzy logic control algorithms along with mechanical MPPT i.e. pitch control. These MPPT algorithms track the maximum power for varying wind conditions. Pitch control comes handy when speed increases more than rated speed, it will change pitch angle in such a way that it will rotate and constant speed to generate maximum power.

Chowdary V Govinda

Papers

A Review on Various MPPT Techniques for Wind Energy Conversion System