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Christopher B. Murray

Bio: Christopher B. Murray is an academic researcher from University of Pennsylvania. The author has contributed to research in topics: Nanocrystal & Quantum dot. The author has an hindex of 88, co-authored 336 publications receiving 54410 citations. Previous affiliations of Christopher B. Murray include Universal Display Corporation & Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work demonstrates the first solution-processable metal-semiconductor nanocomposites with enhanced thermoelectric properties via carrier energy filtering with the possibility of combining a diverse set of n- and p-type semiconductor matrices with nanocrystals to engineer and optimize energy-dependent carrier scattering with the ease of materials processing.
Abstract: This work demonstrates the first solution-processable metal–semiconductor nanocomposites with enhanced thermoelectric properties via carrier energy filtering. Platinum nanocrystals are embedded in a p-type antimony(III) telluride (Sb2Te3) semiconductor matrix, thus introducing band-bending potentials for holes. By scattering low energy holes, an increase in thermopower is observed. Introduction of Pt nanocrystals also increases carrier concentration thereby partially compensating for reduced electrical conductivity due to the decreased mobility. At room temperature, an improvement in thermoelectric power factor was achieved compared to that of the Sb2Te3 films. This work highlights the possibility of combining a diverse set of n- and p-type semiconductor matrices with nanocrystals to engineer and optimize energy-dependent carrier scattering with the ease of materials processing.

214 citations

Patent
Christopher B. Murray1, Shouheng Sun1
21 Jul 1999
TL;DR: In this paper, a method of forming nanoparticles includes steps of forming a metal precursor solution from a transition metal, injecting the metal precursors to the surfactant solution, adding a flocculent to cause nanoparticles to precipitate out of solution without permanent agglomeration, and adding a hydrocarbon solvent to redisperse or repeptize the nanoparticles.
Abstract: A method of forming nanoparticles includes steps of forming a metal precursor solution from a transition metal, injecting the metal precursor solution to the surfactant solution, adding a flocculent to cause nanoparticles to precipitate out of solution without permanent agglomeration, and adding a hydrocarbon solvent to redisperse or repeptize the nanoparticles.

210 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
27 Sep 2012-ACS Nano
TL;DR: The state-of-the-art, current hot topics, and future directions based on the following aspects are discussed: narrow size-distribution NPs can exhibit protein-like properties.
Abstract: Colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) have become versatile building blocks in a wide variety of fields. Here, we discuss the state-of-the-art, current hot topics, and future directions based on the following aspects: narrow size-distribution NPs can exhibit protein-like properties; monodispersity of NPs is not always required; assembled NPs can exhibit collective behavior; NPs can be assembled one by one; there is more to be connected with NPs; NPs can be designed to be smart; surface-modified NPs can directly reach the cytosols of living cells.

201 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that colloidal nanocrystal field-effect transistors can be used as building blocks to construct complex integrated circuits, promising a viable material for low-cost, flexible, large-area electronics.
Abstract: Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals are emerging as a new class of solution-processable materials for low-cost, flexible, thin-film electronics. Although these colloidal inks have been shown to form single, thin-film field-effect transistors with impressive characteristics, the use of multiple high-performance nanocrystal field-effect transistors in large-area integrated circuits has not been shown. This is needed to understand and demonstrate the applicability of these discrete nanocrystal field-effect transistors for advanced electronic technologies. Here we report solution-deposited nanocrystal integrated circuits, showing nanocrystal integrated circuit inverters, amplifiers and ring oscillators, constructed from high-performance, low-voltage, low-hysteresis CdSe nanocrystal field-effect transistors with electron mobilities of up to 22 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), current modulation >10(6) and subthreshold swing of 0.28 V dec(-1). We fabricated the nanocrystal field-effect transistors and nanocrystal integrated circuits from colloidal inks on flexible plastic substrates and scaled the devices to operate at low voltages. We demonstrate that colloidal nanocrystal field-effect transistors can be used as building blocks to construct complex integrated circuits, promising a viable material for low-cost, flexible, large-area electronics.

199 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Monodisperse, high-quality, single-crystal PbSe nanorods were synthesized in a catalyst-free, one-pot reaction using a new phosphine selenide precursor to provide liquid-crystalline alignment or vertical alignment under controlled evaporation conditions, indicating that oriented attachment could be involved to provide anisotropic Pb Se nanostructures.
Abstract: Monodisperse, high-quality, single-crystal PbSe nanorods were synthesized in a catalyst-free, one-pot reaction using a new phosphine selenide precursor. PbSe nanorods were assembled to provide liquid-crystalline alignment or vertical alignment under controlled evaporation conditions. The growth of nanorods was monitored by TEM and absorption spectroscopy, indicating that oriented attachment could be involved to provide anisotropic PbSe nanostructures. In-plane XRD showed an enhanced (200) peak for PbSe nanorods, indicating the preferred alignment of nanorods on the substrates and their growth along the ⟨100⟩ direction. Absorption and emission spectra, along with lifetime measurements, show the differences between nanoscale PbSe spheres and rods.

198 citations


Cited by
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28 Jul 2005
TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1(PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员,通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

18,940 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
16 Feb 1996-Science
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the properties of quantum dots and their ability to join the dots into complex assemblies creates many opportunities for scientific discovery, such as the ability of joining the dots to complex assemblies.
Abstract: Current research into semiconductor clusters is focused on the properties of quantum dots-fragments of semiconductor consisting of hundreds to many thousands of atoms-with the bulk bonding geometry and with surface states eliminated by enclosure in a material that has a larger band gap. Quantum dots exhibit strongly size-dependent optical and electrical properties. The ability to join the dots into complex assemblies creates many opportunities for scientific discovery.

10,737 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
25 Sep 1998-Science
TL;DR: Highly luminescent semiconductor quantum dots (zinc sulfide-capped cadmium selenide) have been covalently coupled to biomolecules for use in ultrasensitive biological detection and these nanometer-sized conjugates are water-soluble and biocompatible.
Abstract: Highly luminescent semiconductor quantum dots (zinc sulfide-capped cadmium selenide) have been covalently coupled to biomolecules for use in ultrasensitive biological detection. In comparison with organic dyes such as rhodamine, this class of luminescent labels is 20 times as bright, 100 times as stable against photobleaching, and one-third as wide in spectral linewidth. These nanometer-sized conjugates are water-soluble and biocompatible. Quantum dots that were labeled with the protein transferrin underwent receptor-mediated endocytosis in cultured HeLa cells, and those dots that were labeled with immunomolecules recognized specific antibodies or antigens.

7,393 citations