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Showing papers by "Christopher J L Murray published in 1996"


Book
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: This is the first in a planned series of 10 volumes that will attempt to "summarize epidemiological knowledge about all major conditions and most risk factors" and use historical trends in main determinants to project mortality and disease burden forward to 2020.
Abstract: This is the first in a planned series of 10 volumes that will attempt to "summarize epidemiological knowledge about all major conditions and most risk factors;...generate assessments of numbers of deaths by cause that are consistent with the total numbers of deaths by age sex and region provided by demographers;...provide methodologies for and assessments of aggregate disease burden that combine--into the Disability-Adjusted Life Year or DALY measure--burden from premature mortality with that from living with disability; and...use historical trends in main determinants to project mortality and disease burden forward to 2020." This first volume includes chapters summarizing results from the project as a whole. (EXCERPT)

7,154 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 1996-Science
TL;DR: The study, which includes projections of the burden through the year 2020, uses the disability-adjusted life year as a composite measure of years of life lost due to premature mortality and years lived with disability.
Abstract: The Global Burden of Disease Study, a comprehensive regional and global assessment of mortality and disability from 107 diseases and injuries and 10 risk factors, is an example of an evidence-based input to public health policy debate. The study, which includes projections of the burden through the year 2020, uses the disability-adjusted life year as a composite measure of years of life lost due to premature mortality and years lived with disability. Future patterns of death and disability are likely to change dramatically because of aging of the world9s population, the epidemic of tobacco-related disease, the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic, and the likely reduction in death rates from communicable diseases in children.

2,151 citations


Book
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: This is the second publication in a planned series of 10 volumes that summarize epidemiological knowledge about the major health conditions and risk factors around the world including information on causes of death.
Abstract: This is the second publication in a planned series of 10 volumes that summarize epidemiological knowledge about the major health conditions and risk factors around the world including information on causes of death. "Following [a] brief introduction describing the methods used to prepare the estimates the remainder of the volume includes a series of tables containing basic demographic information for each of the eight geographical regions used in the World Development Report 1993 followed by a much larger number of tables which provide estimates of incidence prevalence average age of onset average duration deaths in 1990 and projected deaths in 2000 for various diseases and sequelae." (EXCERPT)

545 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: The experience shows that high rates of compliance and cure can be achieved on a mass scale and in a short time by means of directly observed short-course chemotherapy and the WHO technical strategy for effective tuberculosis control.

129 citations


Book
12 Dec 1996
TL;DR: Quantifying the health risks of sex and reproduction -implications of alternative definitions, Christopher J.L. Murray and Alan D. Lopez sexually transmitted diseases, Jane Rowley and Seth Berkley maternal mortality overview, Carla Abou Zahr antepartum and postpartum haemorrhage.
Abstract: Quantifying the health risks of sex and reproduction -implications of alternative definitions, Christopher J.L. Murray and Alan D. Lopez sexually transmitted diseases, Jane Rowley and Seth Berkley maternal mortality overview, Carla Abou Zahr antepartum and postpartum haemorrhage, Carla Abou Zahr puerperal sepsis and other puerperal infections, Carla Abou Zahr et al hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, Carla Abou Zahr and Richard Guidotti prolonged and obstructed labour, Carla Abou Zahr unsafe abortion and ectopic pregnancy, Carla Abou Zahr and Elisabeth Ahman HIV and AIDS, Daniel Low-Beer et al low birth weight, Kenji Shibuya and Christopher J.L. Murray birth asphyxia, Kenji Shibuya and Christopher J.L. Murray congenital anomalies, Kenji Shibuya and Christopher J.L. Murray unsafe sex as a risk factor, Seth Berkley.

122 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that once the values have been chosen, we should accept the consequences of the choice, and that the effect of age-weighting on years of life lost due to death at each age as well as the different effect on short and medium-term disability were taken into consideration.
Abstract: When disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were first formulated, the effect of age-weighting on years of life lost due to death at each age as well as the different effect on short- and medium-term disability were taken into consideration. While there is considerable scope for discussion on the actual values that are incorporated into DALYs, the present article argues that once the values have been chosen we should accept the consequences of the choice.

35 citations



Journal Article
TL;DR: To date this year 36 cases of salmonellosis caused by Salmonella Mbandaka have been reported in Victoria and 18 cases in South Australia, and this outbreak has been linked to peanut butter contaminated with SalmoneLLosis.
Abstract: To date this year 36 cases of salmonellosis caused by Salmonella Mbandaka have been reported in Victoria and 18 cases in South Australia. Cases were identified between 24 February and 24 June 1996. This outbreak has been linked to peanut butter contaminated with Salmonella Mbandaka. (non-author abstract)

24 citations