Christopher T. Lowenkamp

TL;DR: In this paper, the feasibility of manipulating the federal tax code to reduce the level of crime across macro-social units was investigated, and the OLS regression analyses of state level data reveal that the ratio of tax deductible contributions to the total number of returns is positively related to violent, and to a lesser extent property, crime rates.

TL;DR: In the criminal justice system, predictions of risk guide discretion at all points (Gottfredson & Tonry, 1987) as mentioned in this paper, when police officers choose between formal citations and verbal warnings, when judges impose sentences upon defendants, they evaluate risk; and when community corrections officers monitor the conditions of pretrial defendants, parolees, and probationers, they, too, evaluate risk.

TL;DR: The authors’ results indicate that communities suffering from concentrated resource deprivation have a more difficult time creating and maintaining strong institutions of public social control.

TL;DR: Despite its inclusion of age as a risk factor, PCRA scores overestimated rates of recidivism for older offenders and underestimated rates of re-incarceration for younger offenders.

TL;DR: The authors found that pretrial detention was associated with increased likelihood of receiving a prison sentence and greater sentence length, even when controlling for offense severity and criminal history scores, and that revocation of pretrial release increased the likelihood of being sent to prison.