This text reassesses Freudian psychoanalysis in an attempt to develop an understanding of the psychology of femininity and the ideological oppression of women. Analyzing sexuality, femininity and the family as they are treated in the works of Freud, Estch and Laing, the author demonstrates that Freud's theories have much to offer women in the understanding of their sexuality, and compares him to Estch and Laing whose contributions to the feminist cause, in her opinion, are less radical and more ephemeral. To support her case she discusses some interpretations of Freud's work and shows how the misunderstanding of his concept of the unconscious mind has led to misinterpretation of his theories.

Psychoanalysis and Feminism

Both the population of siblings of youth with developmental disabilities (DDs) and the popularity of clinical services designed for these youth are on the rise. However, the research base for such services has yet to be evaluated. A systematic review of studies on intervention and support for siblings of youth with DDs was conducted in order to evaluate the current state of the literature and provide recommendations for research and practice. Sixteen articles were selected and reviewed in terms of their experimental design, participant characteristics, measurement, intervention or support group protocol, outcomes, and dissemination of findings. Results indicate substantial variability in both methodology and outcomes across sibling-focused intervention and support group studies, which put the overall effects and utility of these services into question. Recommendations for future research are outlined, with a focus on advancing a more systematic and careful approach to asking and effectively answering questions about siblings, their families, and meaningful services for both.

Intervention and support for siblings of youth with developmental disabilities: a systematic review.

Despite its pervasive and detrimental nature, sibling violence (SV) remains marginalized as a harmless and inconsequential form of familial aggression. The present study investigates the extent to which perceptions of SV differ from those of other types of interpersonal violence. A total of 605 respondents (197 males, 408 females) read one of four hypothetical physical assault scenarios that varied according to perpetrator-victim relationship type (i.e., sibling vs. dating partner vs. peer vs. stranger) before completing a series of 24 attribution items. Respondents also reported on their own experiences of interpersonal violence during childhood. Exploratory factor analysis reduced 23 attribution items to three internally reliable factors reflecting perceived assault severity, victim culpability, and victim resistance ratings. A 4 × 2 MANCOVA-controlling for respondent age-revealed several significant effects. Overall, males deemed the assault less severe and the victim more culpable than did females. In addition, the sibling assault was deemed less severe compared to assault on either a dating partner or a stranger, with the victim of SV rated just as culpable as the victim of dating, peer, or stranger-perpetrated violence. Finally, respondents with more (frequent) experiences of childhood SV victimization perceived the hypothetical SV assault as being less severe, and victim more culpable, than respondents with no SV victimization. Results are discussed in the context of SV normalization. Methodological limitations and applications for current findings are also outlined.

/pdf/the-normalization-of-sibling-violence-does-gender-and-49tfbeu3gc.pdf

The Normalization of Sibling Violence Does Gender and Personal Experience of Violence Influence Perceptions of Physical Assault Against Siblings

This article explores how children see their relationships, particularly their sibling relationships, in families affected by domestic violence (DV) and how relationality emerges in their accounts as a resource to build an agentic sense of self. The 'voice' of children is largely absent from the DV literature, which typically portrays them as passive, damaged and relationally incompetent. Children's own understandings of their relational worlds are often overlooked, and consequently, existing models of children's social interactions give inadequate accounts of their meaning-making-in-context. Drawn from a larger study of children's experiences of DV and abuse, this article uses two case studies of sibling relationships to explore young people's use of relational resources, for coping with violence in the home. The article explores how relationality and coping intertwine in young people's accounts and disrupts the taken-for-granted assumption that children's 'premature caring' or 'parentification' is (only) pathological in children's responses to DV. This has implications for understanding young people's experiences in the present and supporting their capacity for relationship building in the future.

/pdf/children-s-experiences-of-domestic-violence-and-abuse-3ilgynt6gn.pdf

Children's experiences of domestic violence and abuse: siblings' accounts of relational coping

The education of children with chronic diseases and of their parents is a treatment procedure that must be integrated into the management of the child's disease: it is essential for his or her physical and psychological health and quality of life. This continuous process is part of long-term follow-up and of the child's development; it is not a procedure that can be carried out once and for all. The program must include initial, follow-up, and advanced education. Treatment education for parents occurs simultaneously with the child's medical management and has the same requirements as that of the child (which means that the time spent in this education requires financial support). The role of the pediatrics departments serving these children is essential, and they must work with other participants, whose roles are not identical to they perform in education for adult patients. Pediatric patient education requires an interdisciplinary pediatric team with specific skills and appropriate liaison with those involved in other aspects of the child's life (e.g., daycare and school). The child's psychological development is central to the design and implementation of pediatric patient education programs. Knowledge of child development is critical in providing these services for children and adolescents; training in this field is required in addition to that necessary for adult patient education. Epidemiologic findings of the increased incidence of several chronic diseases in children must be considered in decisions about the resources allocated to coping with them. The particularities and requirements of adolescence and its interactions with chronic disease must also be considered in specific patient education programs for adolescents, and in the training and skills of healthcare professionals.

http://www.utep-besancon.fr/UTEP_fichup/650.pdf

Éducation thérapeutique des enfants et adolescents atteints de maladie chronique

Groupes pour les frères et sœurs d'enfant malade ou handicapé : état de la question☆

This prospective study aimed at shedding some light on the functioning of French support groups for brothers and sisters of children with disabilities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the sisters, brothers and parents of children with disabilities along with care professionals. Focus groups were carried out with healthcare professionals directly involved in sibling support groups. The overall results showed that such groups are appreciated and psychologically helpful. This study also identifies several limitations inherent to these groups and proposes a discussion addressing potential areas for improvement.

Support groups for sisters and brothers of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities

Resume L’article vise a etudier de quelle maniere le jeu structurant des mouvements agressifs se trouve contrarie dans la relation fraternelle avec une personne autiste. Apres un rappel theorique sur les distinctions entre violence et agressivite, nous montrons a partir d’exemples cliniques que la violence specifique et inherente a la pathologie autistique constitue parfois un obstacle a la creation du lien fraternel, en suscitant chez les freres et sœurs des eprouves qu’il leur est difficile d’admettre en eux. Ensuite, nous expliquons en quoi le processus d’identification, pivot de la construction du lien fraternel, est profondement perturbe par l’autisme, pathologie difficilement representable : les freres et sœurs peinent a reconnaitre en ce frere si etrange un semblable. Enfin, nous explorons l’interet d’un travail therapeutique pour la fratrie.

Violence et agressivité dans la relation fraternelle avec une personne autiste

The question of joint placement arises when making the decision to place children of the same siblingship as part of the protective measures taken in the case of parental mistreatment, particularly when there is evidence of mistreatment among the siblings. This paper reviews 219 recent articles addressing the joint placement of brothers and sisters and/or mistreatment within siblingships. The authors refer to the different theories, methods and questions related to this issue and the tools that have been used, as well as the main results are reviewed here. In particular, the indications and contraindications of joint placement of siblings and its effects and factors as well as the psychopathological consequences of intra-sibling violence will also be addressed. This paper shows the need for further research in this area, in particular, so as to refine the methodologies and tools used to analyse the relationships between siblings before, during and after their placement.

Violence among siblings and joint placement: a review of the literature

Cet article rend compte d’une etude prospective portant sur la question du placement conjoint de plusieurs enfants d’une meme fratrie, devant etre eloignes de leurs parents. Pour saisir les interets et les limites de ce placement conjoint, les chercheurs ont rencontre des professionnels travaillant a l’accueil de ces fratries dans le cadre de l’Association « SOS Villages d’Enfants ». Ce travail, reposant sur l’analyse des groupes de paroles, a permis de saisir toute la complexite du lien fraternel, tant dans sa fonction protectrice et etayante, que dans sa fonction destructurante. Il a egalement montre la necessite de mieux evaluer les effets d’un tel accueil conjoint et de determiner des indicateurs permettant aux professionnels de pouvoir en mesurer l’opportunite ou les risques. Ces conclusions enjoignent a mettre en place une etude fine et systematisee de la situation de placement conjoint de la fratrie, qui aurait un interet tant clinique que theorique.

Clémence Dayan

Papers

Groupes pour les frères et sœurs d'enfant malade ou handicapé : état de la question☆

Support groups for sisters and brothers of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities

Violence et agressivité dans la relation fraternelle avec une personne autiste

Violence among siblings and joint placement: a review of the literature

Accueil conjoint des enfants d'une même fratrie dans le cas de placement : intérêts et limites