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Cristòfol Salas-Santandreu

Bio: Cristòfol Salas-Santandreu is an academic researcher from University of Lleida. The author has contributed to research in topics: Praxeology & Context (language use). The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 6 publications receiving 26 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
22 Sep 2020
TL;DR: The review of the book Introduction to motor praxiology, written by professors Francisco Lagardera and Pere Lavega, contributes and helps the reader to understand clearly and simply the fundamentals carried out so far by motor science as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The review of the book Introduction to motor praxiology, written by professors Francisco Lagardera and Pere Lavega, contributes and helps the reader to understand clearly and simply the fundamentals carried out so far by motor praxiology. Pierre Parlebas wrote the prologue; the book is integrated by different chapters. This publication allows the reader to know and understand the key fundamentals, placing the science of motor action or motor praxiology in the context of other scientific disciplines. Although it is a divulgative book, it introduces the reader to the fundamentals of motor praxiology in a pleasant and entertaining way.

18 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The study provides scientific evidence for the physical education teacher on the dynamics of the game of Marro and indicates the strategic chains of playful coexistence among equals through a multimodal range of variables and approaches has revealed an unusual dynamic picture.
Abstract: Different international organizations and initiatives highlight the contribution of the traditional sporting games (TSGs) to favor the diversity of knowledge, values, and attitudes necessary for today's society TSG such as Marro trigger multimodal learning contexts (driving conducts, interpersonal and organic relationships), with great interest in the educational and sports initiation field The purpose of two studies presented in this manuscript was to examine the 360° multimodal strategic intervention (decisional, relational, and organic) of two teams faced in a Marro game For this study, a quasi-experimental design was used composed by a single test applied to two non-equivalent teams Mixed methods were used with an observational methodology in Quadrant III: nomothetic, punctual, and multidimensional Fourteen university students participated [mean (M) = 2049, standard deviation (SD) = 218] Three internal logic variables were studied: outcome, role, and subrole; and three variables referred to the dimensions of motor conduct: relationship, risk in the decision, and physical effort A mixed ad hoc registration system was designed with acceptable margins of data quality For Study 1, cross-tabulations and classification trees were applied, while for Study 2 strategic T-patterns were identified The relevance of the scoreboard (p < 0001; Effect Size = 0386) and the realization of the role (p < 0001; ES = 0091) for the study of multimodal strategic chains in the Marro game were confirmed The detection of regularities in specific interaction (Hunters against Hares) by Theme (p < 0005) allowed for interpretation of the process of strategic conducts of both teams during the game Knowing the strategic chains of playful coexistence among equals through a multimodal range of variables and approaches has revealed an unusual dynamic picture The study provides scientific evidence for the physical education teacher on the dynamics of the game of Marro The pedagogical application of these contributions must be made according to curricular interests

16 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the players' decisions-making in Marro (a traditional Sporting Game) through a multimodal approach, and found that each player's decision-making assumes specific accelerations and decelerations associated with different effort.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the players’ decisions-making in Marro (a Traditional Sporting Game) through a multimodal approach. Each player’s decision-making assumes specific accelerations and decelerations associated with different effort. The research objectives were: (i) to study the decision-making associated with the roles of Hunter and Hare; (ii) to know the physical effort by the roles (Hunters and Hares); (iii) to reveal T-Patterns in the multimodal strategic approach (integrated with decisions and different physical effort) with a direct incidence on the scoring by roles. The study was performed with 22 male and 2 female players aged 18 to 25 (M = 19.4; SD = 1.3). The Marro game was played by two groups for eight minutes. An observational methodology was used, through a type III design. The observational design was nomothetic, one-time, and multidimensional. An ‘ad hoc’ tool was built to ensure the data quality. Univariate analyses were performed using Crosstabs Command, with adjusted residuals (AR), Classification Trees (Chaid model) and T-Pattern Analysis (TPA). Significant differences were found between matches using the scoring (p < 0.001; ES = 0.26), role (p < 0.001; ES = 0.31), or the organic variables of the study, the speed (p < 0.001; ES = 0.73), the metabolic power and the acceleration/deceleration the speed (p = 0.023; ES = 0.43), while the predictive model pointed to the variable role (p < 0.001) as the main factor responsible for the model growth. TPA (p < 0.005) revealed differences attributable to internal logic in the yellow (first match) and orange (second match) teams, while organic variables were more changeable in the violet (first match) and green (second match) teams. This study advances the individualization of the decision-making process. These results may be useful to better understand the internal of functioning of the Marro game 360° since the use of various methodologies and variables (multimodal approach) provided original findings.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the interpersonal relationships established by girls and boys in the traditional sport game of Elbow Tag were studied from a multidimensional point of view (decisional, relational and energetic).
Abstract: The aim of this research was to study from a multidimensional point of view (decisional, relational and energetic) the interpersonal relationships established by girls and boys in the traditional sport game of Elbow Tag. Scientific evidence has shown that Traditional Sport Games (TSG) trigger different effects on male and female genders in relation to emotional experiences, decision-making, conflicts and motor relationships. Despite the fact that these dimensions are intertwined, there are hardly any studies that interpret motor behaviors holistically, i.e., taking a multidimensional (360°) view of these dimensions. For this study, a quasi-experimental design was used and a type III design was applied, inspired by the observational methodology N/P/M. A total of 147 university students participated (M = 19.6, SD = 2.3): 47 girls (31.97%) and 100 boys (68.02%). A mixed ‘ad hoc’ registration system was designed with acceptable margins of data quality. Cross-tabulations, classification trees and T-patterns analysis were applied. The results indicated that social interactions between girls and boys in a mixed group were unequal. This difference was mainly due to decision-making (sub-role variable), which has much greater predictive power than the energetic variables (MV and steps).

4 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the relationship between the internal characteristics of traditional sporting games and sociocultural variables in three Catalan-speaking Autonomous Communities and to interpret them for constructing emotional communities.
Abstract: Learning to live together is the central concern of education everywhere in the world (UNESCO). Traditional sporting games (TSGs) provide interpersonal experiences that shape miniature communities charged with emotional meanings. The objective of this study was to analyze the ethnomotor features of TSG (relationship between the internal characteristics of the TSG and sociocultural variables) in three Catalan-speaking Autonomous Communities and to interpret them for constructing emotional communities. The study followed a phenomenological-interpretative paradigm. The identification of TSG was done by a hermeneutic methodological approach by using an exhaustive exploratory documentary research. We studied 503 games collected in the Dictionary Catala-Valencia-Balear de Alcover and Moll (1926-1963). Instruments and procedure: A database was built up with information about the internal and external logic of the games. The validity of the information was confirmed by means of a concordance test between the researchers. Data processing was carried out by means of classification trees (inferential level), identifying the predictive variables of the types of TSG. Most of the TSGs were sociomotor games (n = 405/503; 80.5%). The classification tree identified four explanatory variables. Three variables were internal traits (body contact, material, and score), and one variable corresponded to external logic (age). Features of the TSG of the Catalan-speaking Autonomous Communities build original emotional communities. The ethnomotor regularities triggered emotional experiences associated with pleasure for (a) living together (predominance of sociomotor games); (b) domesticating of aggressiveness over opponents (different motor licit aggressiveness); (c) developing sustainability (presence and absence of objects from the surrounding environment); (d) educating the competition (games with and without final score); and (e) interpersonal well-being based on the community (transmission of ludic culture from children to young TSG).

3 citations


Cited by
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27 Feb 1973
TL;DR: The dependability of behavioral measurements: theory of generalizability for scores and profiles is studied to establish whether these measurements can be trusted to be reliable in the real world.
Abstract: CROMBACH, Lee J., GLESER, Goldine C., NANDA, Harinder & RAJARATNAM, Nageswar. The dependability of behavioral measurements: theory of generalizability for scores and profiles. New York, John Wiley and Sons, 1972.

931 citations

DissertationDOI
11 Dec 2019
TL;DR: In this article, a tesis analiza the skate in Gran La Plata (Ensenada, Berisso, and La plata), Argentina, a vez que indaga en sus relaciones con el campo de la Educacion Fisica.
Abstract: Esta tesis analiza la practica del skate en Gran La Plata (Ensenada, Berisso y La Plata), Argentina, a la vez que indaga en sus relaciones con el campo de la Educacion Fisica. La investigacion ha profundizado en modos, caracteristicas, sentidos y significados que tiene el skate para quienes lo practican, asi como para una parte del resto de la sociedad. Estas practicas son realizadas por sujetos en su mayoria jovenes, aunque tambien por ninos y adultos. Para ello hemos utilizado un abanico de conceptos y estrategias metodologicas que pusieron en dialogo a la antropologia, la sociologia, las ciencias de la educacion y la Educacion Fisica. De modo mas especifico, los postulados de la Praxiologia Motriz fueron empleados para analizar la logica interna y la logica externa. La relacion de los sujetos con los espacios (plazas, skateparks, y en particular con el espacio publico) se destaco como un importante eje analitico en la tesis. Asimismo, fueron estudiadas las relaciones con los materiales, con el tiempo y con los otros participantes. La metodologia utilizada fue cualitativa y de corte interpretativo. Los instrumentos de construccion de datos fueron entrevistas, observacion participante y fuentes secundarias (tales como documentos, paginas de internet, redes sociales y videos). Desde el surgimiento del skate como practica recreativa y de tiempo libre, han existido formatos de competicion que lo vincularon con el mundo del deporte; actualmente se observa que la organizacion de torneos ha fortalecido el avance del skate como practica deportiva (vertiente que se ve potenciada por su inclusion en los proximos Juegos Olimpicos de Tokyo 2020). En este contexto se han generado intensos debates que retomamos y analizamos en los capitulos de la tesis. Comprender al skate como deporte permitio ademas ampliar la discusion en torno al propio concepto deporte y a sus alcances. Otro de los ejes analiticos lo constituyo el relevamiento de como se lleva adelante la ensenanza en el skate. Desde esos resultados, se introducen algunas sugerencias pedagogicas intentando contribuir a la ensenanza de esta practica, a la vez que podria colaborar a reflexionar sobre la ensenanza de otras practicas corporales en el campo de la Educacion Fisica. El trabajo de investigacion llega a conclusiones que nos permiten tambien visibilizar que los practicantes de skate en la region se manifiestan a traves de acciones politicas en virtud de reclamos que consideran justos, y que se expresan y potencian por la grupalidad. El estudio pone tambien en evidencia la coexistencia de diferentes modos de practica del skate, diversidad que se construye tanto en relacion a los espacios utilizados (calle o street, y pista), asi como en relacion a la forma en que lo practican y lo entienden los propios skaters (sea de una manera mas "libre" o mas reglada y deportiva). En definitiva, se trata de una practica corporal que exhibe diferentes facetas, mostrando un dinamismo que impide encorsetarla en rigidas conceptualizaciones. Sin lugar a dudas, el skateboarding se ha consolidado como un objeto de estudio reconocido internacionalmente, revelandose como una practica que, al analizarla, nos permite una mejor comprension de las sociedades urbanas actuales.

47 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present study brings the value of considering games as a key role to promote a physical education addressed to the education of social-emotional well-being in schoolchildren, as the basis of academic training.
Abstract: Through games a motivating learning climate is provided, generating mainly positive emotions among the students by the very nature of the game. However, while the early stages are the most important for emotional well-being development, research about scientific knowledge of emotional physical education in children is still scarce. The aims of this study were to analyze the intensity of emotions (positive or negative) produced when players took part in games of different social structure, with or without competition (winner or loser), with or without sport experience and to examine the explanations given by the participants for these emotional experiences. Participants (N = 152) were recruited from two Spanish elementary school. We applied Student's t-test and one-factor ANOVA. Students' subjective comments were classified through content analysis in macro-categories and we used the Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID, implemented in SPSSTM Answer Tree® 13.0). The application of a mixed-methods approach identified statistically significant differences in four variables: (a) the type of emotion, (b) motor domain, (c) type of outcome (winning, losing, and non-competitive), and (d) sport experience. The intensity of positive emotions was higher (M = 3.71, SD = 0.893) than negative emotions (M = 1.18, SD = 0.253, p < 0.001). Furthermore, negative emotions were felt with different intensities (F3 = 3.82, p = 0.011, ES = 0.071), depending on the motor action domain. Comments referring to negative emotions were more frequent in individual games. Winning was associated significantly (p < 0.05) with the highest intensity ratings of positive emotions, whereas losing produced the highest values for negative emotions. The intensity ratings for positive or negative emotions not were different between non-competitive games and competitive games. The sport experience relativizes the mean of emotional intensity, both positive and negative. The present study brings the value of considering games as a key role to promote a physical education addressed to the education of social-emotional well-being in schoolchildren, as the basis of academic training. Furthermore, the results could benefit teachers as well as coaches have scientific input to organize teaching content, generating the desired motor behaviors together with positive experiences.

13 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
13 Jan 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the predictive capacity of two characteristics of a game (motor action domain: psychomotor, cooperation, opposition and cooperation-opposition; and competition games: presence or absence) on emotional intensity.
Abstract: En el contexto educativo, educar competencias emocionales origina unas consecuencias muy positivas en el rendimiento academico y el bienestar subjetivo del alumnado, especialmente si se trabaja desde edades tempranas. La asignatura de educacion fisica dispone de un gran repertorio de recursos pedagogicos para promover una educacion fisica integral, destacando entre ellos el juego motor. El objetivo de este estudio fue desvelar la fuerza predictiva de dos variables asociadas al juego (dominio de accion motriz: juegos psicomotores, de cooperacion, de oposicion y de cooperacion-oposicion y competicion: presencia o ausencia) sobre la intensidad emocional de los alumnos. Participaron en total 91 estudiantes de educacion secundaria de Cataluna con edades entre los 12 y 14 anos. Se realizaron ocho sesiones de intervencion (un tipo de juego por sesion). Tras la practica de los juegos, los participantes valoraron su experiencia emocional de 1 a 10 respondiendo el cuestionario validado GES. Para el analisis de los datos se aplicaron dos tecnicas estadisticas diferentes pero complementarias: ecuaciones de estimacion generalizadas y arboles de clasificacion. Entre los principales hallazgos se destaca que: a) a traves del juego motor se puede potenciar el desarrollo de las competencias motrices y socio-emocionales; b) El profesor de educacion fisica deberia saber que la variable competicion asociada al tipo de relaciones en el juego influye en la experiencia de emociones positivas. c) El juego es una fuente de vivencias emocionales positivas, especialmente los juegos cooperativos sin competicion. Abstract. In the educational context, forming emotional competences leads to very positive consequences in academic performance and subjective well-being of the students, especially if it is worked from early ages. Physical education has a large repertoire of pedagogical tools to promote an integral physical education, motor games standing out among them. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive capacity of two characteristics of a game (motor action domain: psychomotor, cooperation, opposition and cooperation-opposition; and competition games: presence or absence) on emotional intensity. A total of 91 high school students from Catalonia participated. Eight 60-minute intervention sessions were conducted with games of the same type in each session. Emotional intensity was assessed at the end of the session using the GES questionnaire. For the data analysis, two statistical techniques were applied: generalized estimation equations and classification trees. The main findings indicated that: a) through motor games, the development of motor and socio-emotional competences can be enhanced; b) Physical education teachers should be aware that the interaction between competition and type of relationships during a game has an influence on experiencing positive emotions; c) games are a source of positive emotional experiences, especially the cooperative, non-competitive ones.

12 citations