Animal Spirits: How Human Psychology Drives the Economy, and Why It Matters for Global Capitalism

Annual Report 2017

Loi pour coordonner les activites des differentes autorites responsables de la surveillance des services financiers aux Etats-Unis

Dodd-Frank Wall Street reform and consumer protection act

Industry 4.0 is a concept that originated from the German industry, and whose essence is the use of technology for efficient production. In business today, the emergence of Industry 4.0 for production, and its related technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and cyber-physical systems, amongst others, have, however, a negative impact on environmental sustainability as a result of air pollution, the poor discharge of waste, and the intensive use of raw materials, information, and energy. The method used in this study is an analysis of a literature review of manuscripts discussing topics related to Industry 4.0 and environmental sustainability published between 2000 and 2020. There is currently a gap existing between the actual and the desired situation, in that production occurs in a weak sustainability model, and, therefore, this research debates the effects on environmental sustainability and the challenges facing Industry 4.0. Four scenarios are discussed: a deployment scenario, an operation scenario, integration and compliance with sustainable development goals, and a long-run scenario. The results indicate that there is a negative relationship related to the flow of the production process from the inputs to the final product, including raw materials, energy requirements, information, and waste disposal, and their impacts on the environment. However, the integration of Industry 4.0 and the sustainable development goals enhance environmental sustainability to create ecological support that guarantees high environmental performance with a more positive impact than before. This paper will help stakeholders and companies to provide solutions to the existing environmental challenges that can be mediated through adopting new technologies. The novelty of this study is its depiction of Industry 4.0 and its technologies integrated with sustainable development goals to create a sustainable Industry 4.0 combining environmental protection and sustainability.

Impact of Industry 4.0 on Environmental Sustainability

Excessive borrowing by subnational governments is considered to be one of the perils of fiscal decentralization. On the other hand, fiscal decentralization might ensure the scal stability of the public sector by constraining Leviathan governments. Since the impact of decentralized government on fiscal outcomes is therefore ambiguous from a theoretical perspective, we explore this question empirically with a panel of 17 OECD countries over the 1975-2001 period. Our findings suggest that expenditure decentralization signicantly reduces public indebtedness, whereas tax decentralization and vertical fiscal imbalances are insignicant.

On the Link Between Fiscal Decentralization and Public Debt in OECD Countries

As countries of the world used large amounts of public funds to manage the 2008 financial crisis, public debt has risen to a critical level in many of them. Due to the drop in real economy, several countries faced unemployment and economic fallback that are still unresolved to this day. After the crisis, many were concerned how to restore the confidence in financial institutions and how banks can better contribute to sustainable social and economic growth. This paper discusses corporate social responsibility (CSR), an attitude putting ethical norms in the spotlight. The CSR pyramid distinguishes various layers of responsibilities. The first at the bottom is economic responsibility, serving as the foundation for the pyramid, however, companies also need to comply with legal norms. Ethical responsibility is the obligation to conduct in a fair way and to do the right thing. After the crisis, central banks in many countries became responsible for sustaining financial stability. To this end, central banks have developed their own corporate social responsibility strategies. This activity is studied from the view of how CSR can contribute to financial stability.

Corporate Social Responsibility in the Banking Sector

This study intends to examine corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Pakistan’s banking sector, CSR disclosure practices and their impact on financial performance. For the study, relevant data was collected from the banks’ annual reports, financial websites, the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) and the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSE) from 2008 to 2018. The methods utilized in this research study were content analysis and panel data techniques. The results indicate an increase in overall CSR disclosure by all banks in the sample and the findings suggest the involvement of commercial banks in CSR activities, and its proper disclosure has helped to improve their accounting-based financial performance proxied by the return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA). The research findings contribute to a better understanding of the CSR practices in the financial sector of an emerging country, which makes a dynamic effort to develop its financial culture and can encourage rapprochement with Pakistan’s financial sector.

https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/10/4080/pdf

Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance: Evidence from Pakistani Listed Banks

FinTech payments in the era of COVID-19: Factors influencing behavioral intentions of Generation X" in Hungary to use mobile payment."

/pdf/corporate-social-responsibility-in-the-banking-sector-3nmaxnxbxd.pdf

Corporate Social Responsibility In The Banking Sector

The total debt of Hungarian local governments accumulated during the 2002–2008 period was consolidated in full by the government between 2011 and 2014. Most of the debt assumed by the central budget was denominated in foreign currency, which involved high exchange risk and, therefore, financial instability for both the central and the local subsystems of public finances. According to some economists, the bailout of local governments by the state is another manifestation of the soft budget limit, showing that the Hungarian market economy is unable to break with the bad culture of centrally planned economy. The present study – building on primary research – presents the process that led to the indebtedness of local governments, as well as the theoretical and practical background of consolidation. The author believes it is unwarranted to enforce a hard budget limit for the local governments at any price.

Csaba Lentner

Papers

Corporate Social Responsibility in the Banking Sector

Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance: Evidence from Pakistani Listed Banks

FinTech payments in the era of COVID-19: Factors influencing behavioral intentions of Generation X" in Hungary to use mobile payment."

Corporate Social Responsibility In The Banking Sector

The Debt Consolidation of Hungarian Local Governments