Cyril Sofer

Bio: Cyril Sofer is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Macro & Social change. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 3 publications receiving 58 citations.

Some Characteristics of an East African European Population

Abstract: 5 < rHILE INCREASING attention has been paid in recent years to the \/V social changes which are associated with industrial expansion in * s African territories this has been focused mainly on their consequences for the indigenous native population. A number of studies have therefore been made of the effects on tribal life of the absence of men and of the social and economic conditions of Africans who have made temporary or permanent homes in towns.2 A relatively neglected aspect of the general problem has been the processes occurring within the immigrant European and Indian populations who supply the skill and capital wbich make the expansion possible. As these populations grow, they often become increasingly differentiated and this differentiation probably has important consequences not only for their own internal structure but also, in the long term, for the mllltiracial society in which they participate. This paper discusses the main results of a survey recently carried out in the East African township of Stonetown in the country of Udongo 3 from the point of view of the light it throws on the internal structure of the European population; the survey data are supplemented with relevant impressions gained from four months' participant observation.

Labor Organizations: A Macro- and Micro-Sociological Analysis on a Comparative Basis

Abstract: chosen to work, the book is quite good. The propositions to be examined are set out clearly and logically, and the analysis proceeds apace in an explicit and commendable manner. In general, the presentation is quite clear, except for one practice which surely will see him boiled in oil at the next Convention of Speed Readers-the extensive use of collections of letters instead of words. The following sentence, picked almost at random (page 73), will illustrate this unfortunate practice: \"The importance of PRAXP and the unimportance of ABHOAM also serve in a relative sense to distinguish IMG2 from the other WKUS IMG's.\" The book's limitations are almost entirely in choice of material. There are many economists who see little value in asking people about the reasons for their anticipated behavior. The validity of that position may be left to the individual reader, but those who hold it may safely neglect this book. The more serious shortcoming, which perhaps should be blamed on the person who selected the title, is that one learns nothing about Asia. The mobility patterns of engineers from Japan and Thailand differ extensively from those of Taiwan, India, and South Korea. Such a situation will surprise few students of Asia, yet it would have been nice if the author had provided some insight into the forces which underlie these differences. As it is, the students in his sample could just as well have been from Mars. In summary, it is a competent and wellpresented but highly narrow study of one aspect of the brain drain. The narrow focus unfortunately means that on a benefit-cost basis few will miss not reading it.

Older workers' motivation to continue to work: Five meanings of age: A conceptual review.

Abstract: – Little is known about the motivation for older workers to work and to remain active in the labor market. Research on age and motivation is limited and, moreover, conceptually diverse. This paper aims to address age‐related factors that influence the work motivation of older workers. More specifically, it seeks to examine how various conceptualizations of the age factor affect the direction and termination of the motivation to continue to work of older workers., – A literature review of age‐related factors and motivation to continue to work is the approach taken in the paper., – Results from 24 empirical and nine conceptual studies indicate that most age‐related factors can have a negative impact on the motivation to continue to work of older people. These findings suggest that age‐related factors are important in understanding older workers' motivation to continue to work and that further research is needed to more fully understand the underlying processes that govern how these age‐related factors influence the motivation to continue to work., – Based on the aforementioned findings, the paper was able to formulate a research agenda for future research, such as: a need for a meta‐analysis on age and motivation to determine the actual effect sizes, and additional theoretical attention to the underlying age‐related processes., – Age‐related factors identified in this study, such as declining health and career plateaus, should be addressed by HRM policies. HRM practices that could motivate older workers to continue to work include ergonomic adjustments and continuous career development., – Research on age and motivation is limited and conceptually diverse. This paper is one of the first studies to explore the relations between different conceptualizations of age and motivation.

Careers, Labor Market Structure, and Socioeconomic Achievement

Abstract: The objective of this paper is to develop the notion of the career as a strategic link between structural features of the labor market and the socioeconomic attainments of individuals. In the first section we review the treatment of careers in the occupational sociology literature and consider limitations of the traditional conceptualization. In the second section the main features of career lines, their structures and reward trajectories, are described. In conjunction with this discussion, the virtues and drawbacks of several strategies for delineating career lines from empirical data are addressed. In the nex section we sketch the determinants of career-line structures as they reside in industry organization and labor maket compostion. In the concluding pages we consider the implications of a labor market ovelaid with career lines for investigations of the socioeconomic-achievement process.

New Wrinkles in The Theory of Age: Demography, Norms, and Performance Ratings

Abstract: Age seems lo play an important role in a wide range of employee behaviors. One interpretation of this role is that it depends more on people's beliefs about age than mi the ages themselves. Despite...

Turnover Turned Over: An Expanded and Positive Perspective

Abstract: The negative impact of turnover is well documented in the literature. This paper examines turnover with a unique, positive focus. Turnover is reviewed, not only from the standpoint of the organizational theorist, but with economic, sociological, and psychological/social psychological perspectives. Often ignored benefits of turnover are noted.