An easily accessible colorimetric and fluorescence probe 4-((3-chloro-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)amino)benzenesulfonamide (4CBS) was successfully developed for the selective and sensitive detection of Sn2+ in an aqueous solution. The sensing mechanism involves reduction of -C═O into -C-OH groups in 4CBS upon the addition of Sn2+, which initiates the fluorescence turn-on mode. A better linear relationship was achieved between fluorescence intensity and Sn2+ concentration in the range of 0-62.5 μM, with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.115 μM. The binding mechanism of 4CBS for Sn2+ was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared analysis, NMR titrations, and mass (electrospray ionization) spectral analysis. Likewise, the proposed sensing mechanism was supported by quantum chemical calculations. Moreover, bioimaging studies demonstrated that the chemosensing probe 4CBS is an effective fluorescent marker for the detection of Sn2+ in living cells and zebrafish. Significantly, 4CBS was able to discriminate between Sn2+ in human cancer cells and Sn2+ in normal live cells.

Simple Colorimetric and Fluorescence Chemosensing Probe for Selective Detection of Sn2+ Ions in an Aqueous Solution: Evaluation of the Novel Sensing Mechanism and Its Bioimaging Applications.

Mitochondria-targeted dual-channel colorimetric and fluorescence chemosensor for detection of Sn2+ ions in aqueous solution based on aggregation-induced emission and its bioimaging applications.

In contrast to conventional fluorescent polymers featured by large conjugation structures, a new class of fluorescent polymers without any conjugations is gaining great interest in immerging applications beyond the possibility to achieve by the conjugated polymers. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), widely used in biomedical fields for a long time owing to its nontoxicity and nonimmunogenicity, is found to be fluorescence emissive in the solid state and in aqueous solution, though deemed as not fluorescent in numerous reports. Through systematic study under different conditions, the emission is ascribed to the cluster formation of its chains; thereby the blue-shift of the emission with the excitation wavelength was interpreted through the Forster resonance energy transfer. The clusterization was ascertained through size measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, NMR analyses, and the dependence on temperature, pH, and nonsolvent presence. Tested in the presence of competitive metal ions, selective emission quenching by Fe³⁺ and Cr⁶⁺ was observed. PEG was used as a sensor for the detection of Cr⁶⁺, Fe³⁺, and H₂O₂, outperforming most of the reported sensors alike. Its uses for data encryption and cell imaging were also presented. This work provides therefore a novel face of PEG with great potential in a variety of emerging applications, in particular, as sensors in the biomedical area.

Fluorescence Behavior and Mechanisms of Poly(ethylene glycol) and Their Applications in Fe3+ and Cr6+ Detections, Data Encryption, and Cell Imaging

Mitochondria-targeted acridine-based dual-channel fluorescence chemosensor for detection of Sn4+ and Cr2O72- ions in water and its application in discriminative detection of cancer cells.

Construction of a simple dual-channel fluorescence chemosensor for Cu2+ ion and GSSG detection and its mitochondria-targeting bioimaging applications

A simple naphthoquinone–dopamine hybrid (2CND) was designed and fabricated as a colorimetric and fluorescence chemosensor for the selective recognition of Sn2+ in the aqueous medium. This simply ac...

Naphthoquinone-Dopamine Linked Colorimetric and Fluorescence Chemosensor for Selective Detection of Sn2+ Ion in Aqueous Medium and Its Bio-Imaging Applications

D. S. Prabakaran

Papers

Naphthoquinone-Dopamine Linked Colorimetric and Fluorescence Chemosensor for Selective Detection of Sn2+ Ion in Aqueous Medium and Its Bio-Imaging Applications

Cellulose-Pulp-Based Stretchable Composite Film with Hydroxyethyl Cellulose and Turmeric Powder for Packaging Applications