Dae Hyun Kim

Bio: Dae Hyun Kim is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Preharvest & Cold storage. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 5 publications receiving 42 citations.

Effect of Preharvest and Postharvest 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) Treatments on Fruit Quality Attributes in Cold-stored 'Fuji' Apples

Abstract: This work was carried out to evaluate the effects of preharvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP, Harvista TM ) and postharvest 1-MCP (SmartFresh TM ) treatments on the fruit quaitly attributes of codl-stored F‘u (i’j Malus domestica Borkh.) apples. Fruits were exposed to 0, 95, 125, or 250 mg ･L -1 Harvista TM at 3, 2, 1 weeks before harvest (WBH), and treated with 0 or 1 μL･L -1 SmartFresh TM at harvest. Fruit was then stored for up to 180 days at 0 ± 1°C. Fruit fresh weight, Hunter’s value a, internal ethylene concentration (IEC), flesh firmness, titratable acidity (TA), and soluble solids content (SSC) in fruit treated with H arvista TM were not different from those of control fruit at harvest. During cold storage, flesh firmness and TA were higher in fruit trea ted with 250 mg･L -1 Harvista TM at 2 and 3 WBH than in control fruit. IEC was 5.5-10.0% lower in fruit treated with 250 mg ･L -1 Harvista TM at 2 and 3 WBH compared with control fruit as storage duration progressed, while SSC was not affected. Furthermore, flesh firmness, TA, and IEC were affected neither by Harvista

Effect of Flower and Fruit Thinner on Fruit Set and Fruit Quality of ‘Gamhong’ Apples

Abstract: This study investigated the effects of flower and fruit thinning agents on fruit set and harvested fruit quality attributes in ‘Gamhong’ apples. Lime sulfur, MaxCel (1.9% BA), and Fruitone (3.5% NAA) were applied either at post-bloom or fruitlet stages to mature ‘Gamhong/M.9’ trees. In 2011, the numbers of fruits per cluster in terminal flowers were 1.74, 0.82, and 1.15 for the control, lime sulfur, and Maxcel (applied at 10-mm fruit stage) treatments, respectively. The percentages of single fruit per cluster were 36.0, 47.9, and 48.7% for the control, lime sulfur, and Maxcel (10 mm) treatments, respectively, while the percentages of clusters with three fruits per cluster were 22.9, 1.4, and 5.8%. In lateral flowers, fruit numbers per cluster were 1.20, 0.36, and 0.50 for the control, lime sulfur, and Maxcel (10 mm) treatments, respectively. In 2012, all the thinning treatments showed a positive effect on flower and fruit thinning, compared with the control. Moreover, the treatment with thinning agents did not affect fruit quality. Overall, the results suggest that a single application of flower or fruit thinning agents would be sufficient, rather than the mixed application of thinning agents, based on the observed decrease in fruit setting. Additional key words: benzyladenine, fruit set ratio, lateral flowers, lime sulfur, naphthaleneacetic acid, terminal flowers Received: August 5, 2015 Revised: October 13, 2015 Accepted: January 25, 2016 Copyrightc2016 Korean Society for Horticultural Science. 본 연구는 농촌진흥청 공동연구사업(PJ01048102) 의 지원에 의해 수행되었음. Korean J. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 34(1):24-31, 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.12972/kjhst.20160006 pISSN : 1226-8763 eISSN : 2465-8588 적화제 및 적과제가 ‘감홍’ 사과의 착과와 과실 품질에 미치는 영향 Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology 25 서 언 ‘감홍’ 사과(Malus×domestica Borkh.)는 국립원예특작과학원에서 1981년에 ‘Spur EarliBlaze’에 ‘Spur Golden Delicious’ 를 교배하여 1992년에 육성된 중만생종 품종이다(Shin et al., 1993). ‘감홍’ 과실의 특성을 보면 과실의 크기는 400-450g으로 대과종이고, 수확기는 10월 초ᆞ중순이며, 과즙의 당도는 15°Brix 이상, 산도는 0.40% 정도로 식미가 매우 우수한 품종으로 평 가받고 있다(Shin et al., 1993). 따라서 최근 국내 소비시장에서 인기가 높아지면서 재배면적이 점차 확대되고 있는 실정이다. 사과의 경우 격년결실 방지와 적정 착과 및 과실 비대 촉진을 위하여 적과작업을 필수적으로 실시하고 있다(Childer et al., 1995; Dennis, 2000; Kim and Guak, 2010; Kook et al., 2009; Yoo et al., 2014). 그러나 최근 국내 농촌에는 고령화에 따른 노 동력 부족현상이 심화되고 있고 그에 따른 인건비 상승이 심각한 문제로 대두되고 있다. 우리나라의 경우 사과원 경영에 있어 노동력 투입비율을 보면 적과 작업이 총 노동투입의 12-16%를 차지하고 있으며(Park et al., 1998, Yoo et al., 2014), 일본의 경 우 우리나라보다 높은 24%에 달한다고 한다(Koike and One, 1998). 그러므로 인력 적과를 대체할 수 있는 약제를 이용한 적화 및 적과 기술개발이 필요하다(Jang et al., 1998). 지금까지 사용되어온 적과제인 Carbaryl은 적과 효과가 있지만(Batjer and Billingsley, 1964) 화분 매개곤충, 특히 꿀벌을 죽 이는 부작용으로 사용에 제한을 받고 있어 이를 대체할 적과제의 필요성이 대두되고 있다(Dennis, 2000). 최근 호주, 미국, 한 국 등에서 사과나무의 적화제로 석회유황합제(Lime sulfur)와 ammonium thiosulfate(ATS)를, 적과제로 6-benzyladenine(BA) 와 naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA)를 이용하고 있다(Bound et al., 1997; Greene and Autio, 1989; Greene et al., 1992; Guak et al., 2002; Kim and Guak, 2010; Robinson et al., 1998; Stover et al., 2001; Wismer et al., 1995). 국내에서는 ‘후지’와 ‘홍로’ 사 과에서 ATS, BA, NAA 등이 적과제로서 효과가 있고, 익년 개화율에도 영향이 없는 것으로 보고되어 있다(Guak et al., 2002; Kim and Guak, 2010; Yoo et al., 2014). 그러나 ‘감홍’ 사과에 대한 적화제 및 적과제의 효과에 대한 연구는 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 ‘감홍’ 품종을 대상으로 화학적 약제 적용이 과실의 착과에 미치는 영향을 구명함으로써 노동력을 절감할 수 있는 적화제 및 적과제의 실용화 가능성을 검토하고자 실시되었다.

Effects of Polyethylene Film Liner, 1-Methylcyclopropene, and Aminoethoxyvinylglycine Treatments on Fruit Quality Attributes of ‘Tonewase’ Persimmon Fruits During Cold Storage

Abstract: This study was carried out over two consecutive years to evaluate the effects of polyethylene (PE) film liner, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), and aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) treatments on fruit quality attributes of ‘Tonewase’ persimmon in cold storage. Fruit was harvested at two different levels of maturity, at a normal commercial harvest date in the first year and 10 days earlier in the second year. The PE film liner treatment significantly suppressed losses of fresh weight during cold storage, compared with the other treatments in both years. However, peel color variables (L*, a*, and b*) in the calyx-end regions declined when treated with the PE film liner, compared with the other treatments in both years. None of the treatments affected ethylene production and fruit decay was not detected during storage between the treatments. The highest level of fruit softening was observed in persimmon fruit treated with the PE film liner, while the softening rate in the other treatments was less than 50% at the end of cold storage. Fruits in all treatments were unmarketable after 2 months of storage. For the persimmon fruit harvested at the normal harvest date, the treatment with 1-MCP resulted in the highest average respiration rate and the lowest soluble solids content (SSC), compared with fruit in the other treatments. For the persimmon fruit harvested at the early harvest date, flesh firmness of fruit treated with the PE film liner declined significantly, but less so than for fruit in the other treatments by the end of storage, whereas the SSC and respiration rate were not affected by any of the treatments during cold storage. The PE film liner significantly reduced fresh weight loss during cold storage and flesh firmness and peel color were significantly affected by this treatment in second year. Overall, the results suggested that fruit harvest time in terms of fruit maturity and PE film liner treatment would retain greater fruit quality attributes during storage.

Effect of Storage Temperature on Fruit Quality Attributes and Storage Disorders in Cold-stored 'Sangjudungsi' Persimmon Fruit

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of storage temperature on fruit quality attributes and physiological disorders including peel blackening in ‘Sangjudungsi’ persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) fruit stored in air at -1, 0.5 or 3℃ for up to 3 months. Higher storage temperature reduced ethylene production but not respiration rate, compared with lower storage temperature. Flesh firmness decreased continuously as storage time passed but firmness was reduced rapidly in the fruits stored at higher storage temperature. Fresh weight loss increased at higher storage temperatures. Soluble solids content was higher at lower storage temperature than at higher storage temperature. All color variables (L * , a * , b * ) were reduced by lower storage temperature, compared with higher storage temperature, regardless of tissue regions. Fruit softening increased as storage duration advanced and with the increase in storage temperature. Results indicated that the ‘Sangjudungsi’ persimmon fruits stored at higher storage temperature (3oC) could not retain fruit quality properly on account of lower flesh firmness and higher incidence of peel blackening and fruit decay, compared with lower storage temperature.

Characterization of Fruit Quality Attributes and Cell Wall Metabolism in 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated 'Summer King' and 'Green Ball' Apples During Cold Storage.

Abstract: This study aimed to elucidate whether 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment delays the fruit softening mechanism associated with the fruit quality of the newly released apple cultivars "Summer King" and "Green Ball" during cold storage. For both cultivars, the fruit treated with 1-MCP exhibited lower internal ethylene concentration, higher firmness, and higher titratable acidity relative to the control fruit, in association with less fruit softening. In addition, the treated fruit significantly delayed fresh weight loss and reduction of soluble solids content, especially in "Green Ball." Moreover, slower degradation of cell wall components (water-soluble pectin, sodium carbonate-soluble pectin, hemicellulose, and cellulose) was also observed in the treated fruit in comparison to the control fruit. Similarly, the enzymatic activities (of polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase, cellulase, β-galactosidase, and α-L-arabinofuranosidase) that cause cell wall degradation were relatively lower in the treated fruit than in the control fruit for both cultivars, which was further proved by transcriptional analysis of the genes encoding the enzymes. Overall, the results suggested that the usage of 1-MCP is useful to delay fruit softening of the two cultivars during cold storage by delaying the degradation of cell wall components and enzymatic activities of cell wall hydrolysis.

The Effects of Preharvest 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) Treatment on the Fruit Quality Parameters of Cold-Stored ‘Szampion’ Cultivar Apples

Abstract: Postharvest treatment by 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) for ‘Szampion’ cultivar apples inhibits ripening of climacteric fruit by blocking ethylene receptors, preventing ethylene from binding and eliciting its action. It is also possible to apply 1-MCP preharvest, which so far has not been studied for the ‘Szampion’ cultivar. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of preharvest 1-MCP treatment on the fruit quality parameters of cold-stored ‘Szampion’ cultivar apples in a Polish experiment. Two identical groups of apple trees (6 years, experimental orchard in Warsaw) were included, to obtain studied apples (preharvest 1-MCP treatment with HarvistaTM, 150 g/ha, 7 days before the optimum harvesting window, OHW) and control apples (1-MCP not applied). Apples for the studied group were harvested twice—on 28 September (OHW) and 24 October (delayed harvesting)—and for control group once—on 28 September, as before 24 October the majority of apples fell from trees. Afterwards, apples were stored in an Ultra Low Oxygen chamber (1.2% CO2, 1.2% O2). Apples were assessed in the preharvest period (weekly, six measurements for the studied group, and five measurements for the control group) and postharvest period (monthly, three measurements separately for each harvest time for the studied group and control group). The following parameters were assessed: internal ethylene content (IEC), firmness, total soluble solids (TSS) content, starch index, Streif index, titratable acidity (TA), and color for blush. For the preharvest period, statistically significant differences between the studied group and the control group were observed for IEC, the a* coordinate of color (p < 0.05; for apples treated with 1-MCP lower results), firmness, Streif index, TA (p < 0.05; higher results), and starch index (p < 0.05; no defined trend). For the postharvest period, statistically significant differences between the studied group and the control group were observed for apples harvested in the OHW for firmness (p < 0.05; for apples treated with 1-MCP higher results) and IEC (p < 0.05; no defined trend), while for delayed harvesting the differences were only minor. It may be concluded, that preharvest 1-MCP application makes it possible not only to obtain better results for ‘Szampion’ cultivar apples’ quality parameters, but also allows delayed harvesting without deterioration in quality.

Effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and polyethylene (PE) film liner treatments on the fruit quality of cold-stored ‘Gamhong’ apples

Abstract: We evaluated the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment and polyethylene (PE) film liner application on the fruit quality attributes of cold-stored ‘Gamhong’ apples Flesh firmness was better retained with 1-MCP treatment than by PE film liner treatment, regardless of 1-MCP treatment time Titratable acidity was also well-maintained during cold storage In contrast, the soluble solids contents were not consistent during storage The 1-MCP treatment greatly reduced the internal ethylene concentration, when compared with the control and PE film liner treatments, irrespective of the 1-MCP treatment time The weight loss of the fruit was greatly reduced by the PE film liner treatments, as well as by the 1-MCP treatments The fruit peel color variables were not affected by the 1-MCP or PE film liner treatments during cold storage Nevertheless, the peel color variables were greatly different in the shaded tissue than in the sunny side during cold storage Our results indicate that 1-MCP treatment, as well as PE film liner application, should be highly recommended for retaining the fruit quality of cold-stored ‘Gamhong’ apples

Effect of Preharvest and Postharvest 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) Treatments on Fruit Quality Attributes in Cold-stored 'Fuji' Apples

Abstract: This work was carried out to evaluate the effects of preharvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP, Harvista TM ) and postharvest 1-MCP (SmartFresh TM ) treatments on the fruit quaitly attributes of codl-stored F‘u (i’j Malus domestica Borkh.) apples. Fruits were exposed to 0, 95, 125, or 250 mg ･L -1 Harvista TM at 3, 2, 1 weeks before harvest (WBH), and treated with 0 or 1 μL･L -1 SmartFresh TM at harvest. Fruit was then stored for up to 180 days at 0 ± 1°C. Fruit fresh weight, Hunter’s value a, internal ethylene concentration (IEC), flesh firmness, titratable acidity (TA), and soluble solids content (SSC) in fruit treated with H arvista TM were not different from those of control fruit at harvest. During cold storage, flesh firmness and TA were higher in fruit trea ted with 250 mg･L -1 Harvista TM at 2 and 3 WBH than in control fruit. IEC was 5.5-10.0% lower in fruit treated with 250 mg ･L -1 Harvista TM at 2 and 3 WBH compared with control fruit as storage duration progressed, while SSC was not affected. Furthermore, flesh firmness, TA, and IEC were affected neither by Harvista

Analysis of Possibility to Apply Preharvest 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) Treatment to Delay Harvesting of Red Jonaprince Apples

Abstract: The production of Red Jonaprince cultivar is increasing, but the quality of apples is still challenging. Therefore, various options may be used including 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) application, as it influences ethylene receptors and blocks them, resulting in the possibility of delaying harvesting. The preharvest application of 1-MCP has not been studied so far for this cultivar but for other ones it has been successful, as it is based on the understanding of the natural apple ripening process. The study aimed to analyze the possibility of applying a 1-MCP treatment in the preharvest period for Red Jonaprince apples. The study was conducted based on a comparison of apples from two groups of Red Jonaprince apple trees (4 years) cultivated in an experimental orchard, where for one of them 1-MCP was applied in the preharvest period (HarvistaTM; 150 g per ha; 20 September—12 days before the optimum harvesting window (OHW)). For both groups, the apples were studied twice, for harvesting in the OHW (2 October) and for delayed harvesting (24 October). The harvested fruits were stored in an Ultra Low Oxygen chamber (ULO; 1.2% CO2, 1.2% O2) until May. They were analyzed before storage (preharvest) five times (20 September–24 October) and after storage (postharvest) three times (20 March–18 May). The following parameters were included: firmness, total soluble solids (TSS) content, titratable acidity (TA). For the preharvest period, the parameters also included internal ethylene content (IEC), starch index, and Streif index. For the preharvest period, significant differences associated with the 1-MCP treatment (p ≤ 0.05) were observed for the IEC (lower results for apples treated for 4th and 5th assessment), TA (higher results), and Streif index (higher results). Meanwhile, for firmness, TSS, and starch index for the majority of measurements there were no differences (p > 0.05). For the postharvest period, significant differences associated with 1-MCP treatment (p ≤ 0.05) were observed for firmness (higher results) and TA (higher results) both for OHW and delayed harvesting. It was concluded that a preharvest 1-MCP treatment allowed delayed harvesting and reduced the quality deterioration during the ULO storage of Red Jonaprince apples.