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The Olympic Games: A Social Science Perspective

Exploring the organizational capacity and organizational problems of disability sport clubs in Germany using matched pairs analysis

Background
Little progress has been made towards community participation of people with intellectual disability despite it being a policy aim since the 1980s. We aimed to identify the features of programmes designed to support community participation.

Method
A scoping review was conducted of peer-reviewed literature between 2000 and 2015, about interventions to support community participation for adults with intellectual disability.

Results
A small body of evidence relates to the design and effectiveness of interventions to enhance community participation. Seventeen studies reported programmes reflecting three conceptualizations of community participation (as social relationships, as convivial encounter and as belonging) that used strategies such as active mentoring, facilitative support worker practice and arts-based programmes.

Conclusions
Studies showed the diverse and person-centred nature of community participation and demonstrated the need for larger-scale studies of promising interventions that include details of costs, and strategies to guide implementation of policies to support community participation.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jar.12390

Identifying Conceptualizations and Theories of Change Embedded in Interventions to Facilitate Community Participation for People with Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review.

Little is known of sport in the lives of people with intellectual disabilities, but emerging evidence suggests that it provides the same benefits as for people without disabilities. Historically, people with intellectual disabilities have been on the periphery of society, including learning in separate classrooms, and sport has served as a portal into the mainstream. Since its inception in 1968, Special Olympics has been at the forefront in providing opportunities for sport participation and has grown to serve nearly three million people with intellectual disabilities in over 180 countries. Special Olympics has been an engine of change to provide opportunities for individuals with intellectual disabilities to be visible in society and has actively promoted their inclusion through Unified Sports and Camp Shriver programming. The value of these inclusive programmes is explored in terms of the connection they provide among and between individuals with intellectual disabilities, their families and the surroun...

Promoting social inclusion for people with intellectual disabilities through sport: Special Olympics International, global sport initiatives and strategies

David Lenox

Papers

Promoting social inclusion for people with intellectual disabilities through sport: Special Olympics International, global sport initiatives and strategies