References [1] Atsuko Abe. The Relationship between Japan and the European Union: Domestic Politics and Transnational Relations. Athlone Press, 1999. [2] Kōbō Abe. Women in the Dunes. Knopf, 1964. Translated by E. Dale Saunders. [3] Kōbō Abe. Friends. Grove, 1969. Translated by Donald Keene. [4] Kōbō Abe. The Box Man. Putnam Perigee, 1981. Translated by E. Dale Saunders. [5] Hallett E. Abend. Japan Unmasked. 1941. [6] Joyce Ackroyd. Told Round a Brushwood Fire: The Autobiography of Arai Hakuseki. University of Arizona Press, 1980. translated by Joyce Ackroyd. [7] Roy H. Akagi. Japan’s Foreign Relations, 1542-1936. 1936. [8] Motojiro Akashi. Rakka Ryusui: Colonel Akashi’s Report on His Secret Cooperat?? 1988. [9] George Akita. Foundations of Constitutional Government in Modern Japan, 1868-1900. Harvard University Press, 1967. [10] George Akita. An examination of e.h. norman’s scholarship. The Journal of Japanese Studies, 3(2), 1977.

http://openhistory.org/jhdp/download/bibliography/0.0.6/japanese_history.pdf

BibTex List of Materials Related to the Study of Japanese History

Early Chinese texts : a bibliographical guide

From the first century, when Buddhism entered China, the foreign religion shaped Chinese philosophy, beliefs, and ritual. At the same time, Buddhism had a profound effect on the material world of the Chinese. This wide-ranging study shows that Buddhism brought with it a vast array of objects big and small--relics treasured as parts of the body of the Buddha, prayer beads, and monastic clothing--as well as new ideas about what objects could do and how they should be treated. Kieschnick argues that even some everyday objects not ordinarily associated with Buddhism--bridges, tea, and the chair--on closer inspection turn out to have been intimately tied to Buddhist ideas and practices. Long after Buddhism ceased to be a major force in India, it continued to influence the development of material culture in China, as it does to the present day. At first glance, this seems surprising. Many Buddhist scriptures and thinkers rejected the material world or even denied its existence with great enthusiasm and sophistication. Others, however, from Buddhist philosophers to ordinary devotees, embraced objects as a means of expressing religious sentiments and doctrines. What was a sad sign of compromise and decline for some was seen as strength and versatility by others. Yielding rich insights through its innovative analysis of particular types of objects, this briskly written book is the first to systematically examine the ambivalent relationship, in the Chinese context, between Buddhism and material culture.

The Impact of Buddhism on Chinese Material Culture

Concentrations of atmospheric noble gases (neon, argon, krypton, and xenon) dissolved in groundwaters from northern Oman indicate that the average ground temperature during the Late Pleistocene (15,000 to 24,000 years before present) was 65° ± 06°C lower than that of today Stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopic groundwater data show that the origin of atmospheric water vapor changed from a primarily southern, Indian Ocean source during the Late Pleistocene to a dominantly northern, Mediterranean source today The reduced northern water vapor source is consistent with a drier Last Glacial Maximum through much of northern Africa and Arabia

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/287/5454/842.full.pdf

Cool glacial temperatures and changes in moisture source recorded in Oman groundwaters

Winner of the 2nd place in the 2012 European Association for Japanese Studies Book Prize. "In this clear and wonderfully informative study, Mara Patessio steps beyond the more traditional focus on 'great lives' or 'important movements' to explore the complicated social networks that drew Meiji women together across boundaries of class and region earlier imagined as impermeable. While offering affecting portraits of notable female educators, students, writers, and activists, Patessio suggests that a host of other voices, until now largely forgotten, was every bit as significant in contributing to the emerging nation and fomenting the feminist movement in Japan." ?Rebecca Copeland, Washington University in St. Louis

Women and Public Life in Early Meiji Japan: The Development of the Feminist Movement

Four hundred and fifty years ago, on 23 September 1543, three Portuguese merchants travelling on a Chinese junk were blown by a storm onto the south-western tip of Japan. So at last was discovered to the West that fabled country which Marco Polo reported and Columbus sought. The chief Japanese trade links were with China, but these had been severed by violent piracy at sea and along the coast. The Portuguese, with their large, well-armed carracks, revived the trade, exchanging Chinese silks and a variety of foreign exotica for Japanese silver, at immense profit. Japan was then in a state of medieval confusion. The emperors were impoverished, their sovereignty nominal; their generalissimos, the shoguns, had long proved unable to control the feudal lords, the daimyos. These were largely independent, able to let in foreigners at will. Western goods lent prestige to rival courts; some, like the musket, were useful in the constant wars. With trade came Christianity. In 1549, Francis Xavier himself established the first Jesuit mission. His hopes ran high: 'It seems to me that we shall never find among heathens another race to equal the Japanese.' Despite difficulties of language and culture, the new religion struck root: by the end of the 'Christian Century' there were some 300,000 converts. Success bred competition. The Portuguese trading monopoly was infringed by Spaniards, English and Dutch; the Jesuit monopoly was eroded by Franciscan rivals and Protestant enemies. Whereas catholic Christian unity disintegrated, a new dynasty of Shoguns restored the unity of Japan, gradually brining the daimyos to hell. Inspired by a fierce nationalism, the new shoguns grew suspicious of foreign trade and foreign religious ambitions and feared that local Christians might act as a 'fifth column' for the West. When a peasant rebellion occurred in a Christianized province the government loosed a violent persecution: chilling refinements of torture were met with astonishing fortitude. The country was virtually closed to foreigners for 200 years. Yet Christianity somehow survived underground: after the arrival in 1853 of Commodore Perry's fleet led to the reopening of Japan, many thousands of secret Christians revealed themselves.This remarkable and little known period is the subject of Professor Charles Boxer's The Christian Century in Japan. First published in 1951, its combination of original scholarship, lucidity and humanity have made it a classic. This edition includes illustrations of works of art produced during that brief but fruitful intercourse between Japan and the West.

The Christian Century in Japan 1549-1650.

The Rise of Modern China.

The History of Imperial China: A Research Guide@@@An Annotated Bibliography of English, American, and Comparative Literature for Chinese Scholars

His rice is not excessively refined, and his sliced meat is not cut excessively fine. Rice that has become putrid and sour, fish that has spoiled, and meat that has gone bad, he does not eat. Food that is discolored he does not eat, and food with a bad odor he does not eat. Undercooked foods he does not eat, and foods served at improper times he does not eat. Meat that is improperly carved, he does not eat, and if he does not obtain the proper sauce, he will not eat. Though there is plenty of meat, he will not allow it to overcome the vitalizing power of the rice. Only in the case of wine does he not set a limit. But he never drinks to the point of becoming disorderly. Purchased wine or dried meat from the market he does not eat. He never dispenses with ginger when he eats. He does not eat to excess.'

A Literary Feast: Food in Early Chinese Literature

Preface to the Second Paperback EditionForeword, by William Theodore de BaryPrefaceIntroductionEssays in IdlenessSelected BibliographyIndex

David R. Knechtges

Papers

The Christian Century in Japan 1549-1650.

The Rise of Modern China.

The History of Imperial China: A Research Guide@@@An Annotated Bibliography of English, American, and Comparative Literature for Chinese Scholars

A Literary Feast: Food in Early Chinese Literature

Essays in Idleness: The Tsurezuregusa of Kenko.