Author
Dean E. Hewes
Other affiliations: Florida State University, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Wisconsin-Madison ...read more
Bio: Dean E. Hewes is an academic researcher from University of Minnesota. The author has contributed to research in topics: Interpersonal communication & Trait. The author has an hindex of 17, co-authored 41 publications receiving 1455 citations. Previous affiliations of Dean E. Hewes include Florida State University & University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign.
Papers
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TL;DR: Tests of the underlying mechanisms of the Parasocial Contact Hypothesis were generally supported, suggesting that parasocial contact facilitates positive parasocial responses and changes in beliefs about the attributes of minority group categories.
Abstract: We propose a communication analogue to Allport's (1954) Contact Hypothesis called the Parasocial Contact Hypothesis (PCH). If people process mass-mediated parasocial interaction in a manner similar to interpersonal interaction, then the socially beneficial functions of intergroup contact may result from parasocial contact. We describe and test the PCH with respect to majority group members' level of prejudice in three studies, two involving parasocial contact with gay men (Six Feet Under and Queer Eye for the Straight Guy) and one involving parasocial contact with comedian and male transvestite Eddie Izzard. In all three studies, parasocial contact was associated with lower levels of prejudice. Moreover, tests of the underlying mechanisms of PCH were generally supported, suggesting that parasocial contact facilitates positive parasocial responses and changes in beliefs about the attributes of minority group categories.
600 citations
TL;DR: Examination of the relationships among number and intimacy of gay social contacts, parasocial interaction, viewing frequency of Will & Grace, and scores on Herek's Attitudes Toward Gay Men and Lesbians scale found increased viewing frequency and parasocial contact were found to correlate with lower levels of sexual prejudice.
Abstract: Television has an opportunity to influence beliefs about groups with which individuals typically may have little direct social contact. This study describes a synthesis of the Contact Hypothesis and the concept of Parasocial Interaction to pose what we call the Parasocial Contact Hypothesis to test whether exposure to gay men on Will & Grace can influence attitudes toward gay men in general. Based on a study of 245 university students, this study examines the relationships among number and intimacy of gay social contacts, parasocial interaction, viewing frequency of Will & Grace, and scores on Herek's Attitudes Toward Gay Men and Lesbians scale. Increased viewing frequency and parasocial interaction were found to correlate with lower levels of sexual prejudice-a relationship that was most pronounced for those with the least amount of social contact with lesbians and gay men.
253 citations
TL;DR: The assumptions explored center on three aspects of process—coding schemes, the nature of time, and the quality of explanations engendered by sequential analysis methodologies.
Abstract: Scientific analysis of any phenomenon is likely to suffer when the assumptions of methodology too rigidily restrict theory testing. This problem has arisen in the sequential analysis of social interaction. The assumptions explored center on three aspects of process—coding schemes, the nature of time, and the quality of explanations engendered by sequential analysis methodologies.
58 citations
16 Dec 2013
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a Cognitive Approach to Interpersonal Communication: A Philosophical Critique and Cognitive Perspectives on Communication: Interpretive and Critical Responses, Cognitive Processing of Problematic Messages: Reinterpreting to "Unbias" Texts.
Abstract: Contents: D.E. Hewes, Introduction. Part I:Interpersonal Communication: Cognitive Social Psychologists' Perspective. R.S. Wyer, Jr., D.H. Gruenfeld, Information Processing in Interpersonal Communication. Part II:The Cognitive Psychological Perspective Inside Interpersonal Communication Theory. J.O. Greene, An Action-Assembly Perspective on Verbal and Nonverbal Message Production: A Dancer's Message Unveiled. S.W. Smith, Perceptual Processing of Nonverbal-Relational Messages. D.E. Hewes, Cognitive Processing of Problematic Messages: Reinterpreting to "Unbias" Texts. Part III:Interpersonal Communication From an Artificial Intelligence Perspective. C.R. Berger, A Plan-Based Approach to Strategic Communication. K. Kellermann, The Conversation MOP: A Model of Patterned and Pliable Behavior. Part IV:The Cognitive Approach to Interpersonal Communication: A Philosophical Critique. R.D. McPhee, Cognitive Perspectives on Communication: Interpretive and Critical Responses.
56 citations
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TL;DR: The authors delineate analytic procedures specific to each approach and techniques addressing trustworthiness with hypothetical examples drawn from the area of end-of-life care.
Abstract: Content analysis is a widely used qualitative research technique. Rather than being a single method, current applications of content analysis show three distinct approaches: conventional, directed, or summative. All three approaches are used to interpret meaning from the content of text data and, hence, adhere to the naturalistic paradigm. The major differences among the approaches are coding schemes, origins of codes, and threats to trustworthiness. In conventional content analysis, coding categories are derived directly from the text data. With a directed approach, analysis starts with a theory or relevant research findings as guidance for initial codes. A summative content analysis involves counting and comparisons, usually of keywords or content, followed by the interpretation of the underlying context. The authors delineate analytic procedures specific to each approach and techniques addressing trustworthiness with hypothetical examples drawn from the area of end-of-life care.
31,398 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the effect of statistical aggregation in mitigating relative risk in decision-making in organizations and found that over optimistic forecasts result from the adoption of an inside view of the problem, which anchors predictions on plans and scenarios.
Abstract: Decision makers have a strong tendency to consider problems as unique. They isolate the current choice from future opportunities and neglect the statistics of the past in evaluating current plans. Overly cautious attitudes to risk result from a failure to appreciate the effects of statistical aggregation in mitigating relative risk. Overly optimistic forecasts result from the adoption of an inside view of the problem, which anchors predictions on plans and scenarios. The conflicting biases are documented in psychological research. Possible implications for decision making in organizations are examined.
2,120 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this article, a philosophy of science underlying engaged scholarship in a professional school has been discussed, and a theory of process and variance models has been proposed to solve the research problem.
Abstract: 1. Engaged Scholarship in a Professional School 2. Philosophy of Science Underlying Engaged Scholarship 3. Formulating the Research Problem 4. Building a Theory 5. Process and Variance Models 6. Designing Variance Studies 7. Designing Process Studies 8. Communicating and Using Research Knowledge 9. Practicing Engaged Scholarship
1,639 citations
TL;DR: It is argued that validity and reliability should be conceptualized differently across the various forms of content and the various uses of theory, and that content analyses need not be limited to theory‐based coding schemes and standards set by experts.
Abstract: The central thesis in this essay is that validity and reliability should be conceptualized differently across the various forms of content and the various uses of theory. This is especially true with applied communication research where a theory is not always available to guide the design. A distinction needs to made between manifest and latent (pattern and projective) content. Also, we argue that content analyses need not be limited to theory‐based coding schemes and standards set by experts. When researchers are clear about what kind of content they want to analyze and the role of theory in their studies, they are in a better position to select the most appropriate strategies for demonstrating validity and reliability.
1,426 citations