Deborah Kirkwood

Bio: Deborah Kirkwood is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Wife & Protestantism. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 4 publications receiving 76 citations.

Women and missions : past and present : anthropological and historical perceptions

Abstract: F. Bowie, Introduction: Reclaiming Women's Presence - Part I: Women Missionaries - D. Kirkwood, Protestant Missionary Women: Wives and Spinsters - P. Williams, The 'Missing Link': The Recruitment of Women Missionaries in Some English Evangelical Missionary Societies in the Nineteenth Century - C. Swaisland, Wanted: Earnest, Self-Sacrificing Women for Service in South Africa: Nineteenth-Century Recruitment of Single Women to Protestant Missions - V. Cunningham, 'God and Nature Intended You for a Missionary's Wife': Mary Hill, Jane Eyre and Other Missionary Women in the 1840s - Part II: Mission Impact on Women - A. Hastings, Were Women a Special Case? - M. Lapodi, From Heathen Kraal to Christian Home: Anglican Mission Education and African Christian Girls, 1850-1900 - F. Bowie, The Elusive Christian Family: Missionary Attempts to Define Women's Roles: Case Studies from Cameroon - T. Kanogo, Mission Impact on Women in Colonial Kenya - A. Basu, Mary Ann Cooke to Mother Teresa: Christian Missionary Women and Indian Response - E. Isichei, Does Christianity Empower Women? The Case of the Anaguta of Central Nigeria - S. Lund Skar, Catholic Missionaries and Andean Women: Mismatching Views on Gender and Creation - J. Burke, These Catholic Sisters Are All Mamas! Celibacy and the Metaphor of Maternity

Women and missions: past and present ; anthropological and historical perceptions

Abstract: F. Bowie, Introduction: Reclaiming Women's Presence - Part I: Women Missionaries - D. Kirkwood, Protestant Missionary Women: Wives and Spinsters - P. Williams, The 'Missing Link': The Recruitment of Women Missionaries in Some English Evangelical Missionary Societies in the Nineteenth Century - C. Swaisland, Wanted: Earnest, Self-Sacrificing Women for Service in South Africa: Nineteenth-Century Recruitment of Single Women to Protestant Missions - V. Cunningham, 'God and Nature Intended You for a Missionary's Wife': Mary Hill, Jane Eyre and Other Missionary Women in the 1840s - Part II: Mission Impact on Women - A. Hastings, Were Women a Special Case? - M. Lapodi, From Heathen Kraal to Christian Home: Anglican Mission Education and African Christian Girls, 1850-1900 - F. Bowie, The Elusive Christian Family: Missionary Attempts to Define Women's Roles: Case Studies from Cameroon - T. Kanogo, Mission Impact on Women in Colonial Kenya - A. Basu, Mary Ann Cooke to Mother Teresa: Christian Missionary Women and Indian Response - E. Isichei, Does Christianity Empower Women? The Case of the Anaguta of Central Nigeria - S. Lund Skar, Catholic Missionaries and Andean Women: Mismatching Views on Gender and Creation - J. Burke, These Catholic Sisters Are All Mamas! Celibacy and the Metaphor of Maternity

The Suitable Wife

Abstract: A woman’s skills and intelligence could be made to work through her husband to establish for him a position of distinction and authority, only in the family, but in society. To achieve a reputation as a brilliant hostess, the confidante of politicians and the friend and patroness of writer or artist, has formed the unspoken ambition of many clever girls who perhaps lacked alternative models or a sharp awareness of their own intellectual gifts. Consciously or unconsciously, many young women have secretly hoped to play the role of Mary Anne to a Disraeli, or ‘My darling Clemmie’ to a Winston Churchill - to be the well-loved and supportive wife to a successful man in public life. A corollary to this has been a belief that an ambitious man needed such a woman at his side to ensure his own success. The school was run on the lines of a large upper-middle-class family household of the time.

Christian Mission: How Christianity Became a World Religion

Abstract: List of Illustrations. Acknowledgments. Introduction. Part I: The Making of a World Religion: Christian Mission through the Ages: . 1. From Christ to Christendom. From Jerusalem into "All the World". The Creation of Catholic Europe, 400-1400. 2. Vernaculars and Volunteers, 1450-. Bible Translation and the Roots of Modern Missions. The Revitalization of Catholic Missions. The Beginnings of Protestant Missions. Voluntarism and Mission. Protestant Missionary Activities in the Nineteenth Century. 3. Global Networking for the Nations, 1910-. The Growth of Global Networks. International Awakenings. Awakening Internationalism. Post-Colonial Rejection of Christian Mission. Africans, Asians, and Latin Americans in Mission. Part II: Themes in Mission History: . 4. The Politics of Missions: Empire, Human Rights, and Land. Critiques of Missions. Missionaries and Human Rights. Missionaries and the Land. Missions and Ecology. 5. Women in World Mission: Purity, Motherhood, and Women's Well-Being. Women as Missionaries. Purity and Gender Neutrality. The Mission of Motherhood. Women's Well-Being and Social Change. 6. Conversion and Christian Community: The Missionary from St. Patrick to Bernard Mizeki. Who Was St. Patrick?. Bernard Mizeki, "Apostle to the Shona". Missionaries and the Formation of Communal Christian Identities. 7. Postscript: Multicultural Missions in Global Context. Bibliography. Index

Wombs As God's Laboratories: Pentecostal Discourses of Femininity in Zimbabwe

Abstract: Studies of born-again Churches in Africa generally conclude that they help members embrace modernity. Their teachings provide the ideological bases for members to embrace changing material realities. Such studies are rather silent on the demands of this ideological frame on women and men. This article looks at two Zimbabwean women's organisations, Gracious Woman and Precious Stones, affiliated to Zimbabwe Assemblies of God in Africa and Family of God respectively. Using ethnographic methods, it argues that such organisations teach women domesticity and romanticise female subordination as glorifying God. They discourage individualism by exalting motherhood, wifehood and domesticity as service to God. These demands emerge at a time when life is changing drastically in urban areas as women get educated and enter the professions. Economically a small but growing number of black families have experienced some upward mobility—something these Churches encourage through ‘the gospel of prosperity’. Although accumulation and upward mobility free families from (traditional) kin obligations which the Churches encourage, women are discouraged from resisting the patriarchal yoke even when material circumstances make it possible. The organisations repackage patriarchy as Christian faith. The article concludes that if these Churches are concerned with managing modernity, then they see modernity as female subordination.

Women in Christian Traditions

Abstract: This text provides an overview of the complete sweep of Christian history through the lens of feminist scholarship. Yet it also departs from some of the assumptions of that scholarship, raising questions that challenge our thinking about how women have shaped beliefs and practices during two thousand years of church history. Did the emphasis on virginity in the early church empower Christian women? Did the emphasis on marriage during the Reformations of the sixteenth century improve their status? Must all churches ordain women to the pastorate? These questions and others have important implications for women in Christianity in particular, and for women in religion in general, since they go to the heart of the human condition.

The global reflex: david m. stowe and american ecumenicalmission in a postcolonial world

Abstract: With implications for historians of American culture and politics, human rights, Christianity, and transnationalism, this dissertation examines the role of global influences – especially “Third World” voices, theologies, movements, and postcolonial discourses – on American Protestant missionaries in the late twentieth century. To expose these influences, this dissertation examines the missiological and theological work of Protestant missionary, humanitarian, and mission executive David M. Stowe (1919-2000). Stowe’s experience makes clear the ways in which international experiences and dialogues placed missionaries in a unique position to serve as conduits for global influences to circulate back into American theology, humanitarian concern, and human rights advocacy. In particular, Stowe’s decades-long career provides a window into the Protestant rearticulation of “mission” to include humanitarian causes and human rights advocacy in the late 20th century, as manifested in the theological language he and his cohort used to describe and defend human rights as well as in their activism for justicerelated causes both in America and abroad. I hope to demonstrate that human rights conventions were given significant impetus and support from the concern for socio-economic justice, ecology, and other “Third World” issues shown by American religionists like Stowe. And rather than relegate this historical (and ongoing) engagement with human rights concepts by religious actors to a privatized sphere, I argue that contemporary human rights discourse would benefit from a better understanding of the effects of missionary experience on the historical development of humanitarianism. Beyond discursive value, moreover, the implementation of humanitarian and human rights concepts would also enjoy practical benefits from a familiarity with American Protestantism’s struggle to address twentieth-century anti-colonial critiques. In demonstrating these benefits by drawing connections between missionary experience and the emergence of American humanitarianism and human rights discourse, this research is ultimately aimed at bridging gaps between national and global, the West and the “rest,” and religious and secular histories.