Dhanashri H. Gawali

Bio: Dhanashri H. Gawali is an academic researcher from Savitribai Phule Pune University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Encryption & Wearable computer. The author has an hindex of 8, co-authored 21 publications receiving 307 citations. Previous affiliations of Dhanashri H. Gawali include Maharashtra Academy of Engineering.

IoT based smart irrigation monitoring and controlling system

Abstract: Interconnection of number of devices through internet describes the Internet of things (IoT). Every object is connected with each other through unique identifier so that data can be transferred without human to human interaction. It allows establishing solutions for better management of natural resources. The smart objects embedded with sensors enables interaction with the physical and logical worlds according to the concept of IoT. In this paper proposed system is based on IoT that uses real time input data. Smart farm irrigation system uses android phone for remote monitoring and controlling of drips through wireless sensor network. Zigbee is used for communication between sensor nodes and base station. Real time sensed data handling and demonstration on the server is accomplished using web based java graphical user interface. Wireless monitoring of field irrigation system reduces human intervention and allows remote monitoring and controlling on android phone. Cloud Computing is an attractive solution to the large amount of data generated by the wireless sensor network. This paper proposes and evaluates a cloud-based wireless communication system to monitor and control a set of sensors and actuators to assess the plants water need.

Conventional versus Vedic Mathematical Method for Hardware Implementation of a Multiplier

Abstract: Aim of this paper is to compare and prove implementation of normal multiplication and Vedic multiplication (using Urdhva Tiryakbhyam Sutra) on digital hardware requires same number of multiplication and addition operations.It makes difference only for mental calculations. Few VHDL codes has been developed for this. All multipliers has been tested for 16X16 multiplications for comparison. Test vectors has been given through a text file. Implementation has been done for the Xilinx FPGA device, Virtex XCV 300 -6PQ240. Various multiplier implementations such as Array multiplier, Multiplier Macro, Vedic multiplier with full partitioning, Vedic multiplier using 4 bit macro, multiplier using 4 bit macro, fully Recursive Vedic multiplier, Vedic multiplier using 8 bit macro have been tested and compared for optimum area and speed.

Plant diseases detection using image processing techniques

Abstract: Agriculture is a most important and ancient occupation in India. As economy of India is based on agricultural production, utmost care of food production is necessary. Pests like virus, fungus and bacteria causes infection to plants with loss in quality and quantity production. There is large amount of loss of farmer in production. Hence proper care of plants is necessary for same. This paper presents an overview of using image processing methods to detect various plant diseases. Image processing provides more efficient ways to detect diseases caused by fungus, bacteria or virus on plants. Mere observations by eyes to detect diseases are not accurate. Overdose of pesticides causes harmful chronic diseases on human beings as not washed properly. Excess use also damages plants nutrient quality. It results in huge loss of production to farmer. Hence use of image processing techniques to detect and classify diseases in agricultural applications is helpful.

FPGA Based Micro-PLC Design Approach

Abstract: For small, stand-alone control of a single process, microPLCs are more cost effective, compact, and easier to use than PC-based solutions. There have been some studies on the implementation of a control program in FPGA. However most of them concentrated on techniques to convert functional-level control programs into logic description in the form of HDL. So with these approaches it is necessary for PLC user to have design tools to translate, integrate and implement the logic circuit in FPGA. Also manufacturing plant engineers need training on these tools. This paper suggests an approach with which a general microPLC will be implemented inside FPGA. Once FPGA is configured, it will function as microPLC that can be embedded into devices, machines, and systems using suitable interface.

Innovative shopping cart for smart cities

Abstract: An unconventional novel product which is accepted by the society is the one that brings contentment, satisfaction with benefits and coherence in day to day life of a common man. Innovative shopping cart is a system developed to abet a person in everyday shopping by involving some automation in customarily practiced process. This will help the person in everyday shopping by minimizing the time required, while purchasing the product with reasonable price and best offers. The main objective is to provide a robust technology with low-cost, high efficiency and easily adaptable system for making the process of shopping effortless. The system consists of 4 key modules (i) Product Detection (PD) (ii) Product Recommendation (PR) (iii) Budget Setting (BS) and (iv) Automatic Billing (AB). PD is used to detect the product placed in shopping cart using RFID technology, meanwhile PR facilitates providing relevant product information and ongoing offers. BS helps to set the budget if purchase cost reaches the budget value a buzzer buzzes. AB generates the bill as the cart reaches the billing counter server through RF communication. These 4 modules are integrated into an embedded system and are tested to satisfy the functionality. The main aim of this project is to provide automatic billing to avoid queue in malls and super markets.

IoT-Based Smart Irrigation Systems: An Overview on the Recent Trends on Sensors and IoT Systems for Irrigation in Precision Agriculture

Abstract: Water management is paramount in countries with water scarcity. This also affects agriculture, as a large amount of water is dedicated to that use. The possible consequences of global warming lead to the consideration of creating water adaptation measures to ensure the availability of water for food production and consumption. Thus, studies aimed at saving water usage in the irrigation process have increased over the years. Typical commercial sensors for agriculture irrigation systems are very expensive, making it impossible for smaller farmers to implement this type of system. However, manufacturers are currently offering low-cost sensors that can be connected to nodes to implement affordable systems for irrigation management and agriculture monitoring. Due to the recent advances in IoT and WSN technologies that can be applied in the development of these systems, we present a survey aimed at summarizing the current state of the art regarding smart irrigation systems. We determine the parameters that are monitored in irrigation systems regarding water quantity and quality, soil characteristics and weather conditions. We provide an overview of the most utilized nodes and wireless technologies. Lastly, we will discuss the challenges and the best practices for the implementation of sensor-based irrigation systems.

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity—Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

Abstract: Providing connectivity to around half of the world population living in rural or underprivileged areas is a tremendous challenge, but, at the same time, a unique opportunity. Access to the Internet would provide the population living in these areas a possibility to progress on the educational, health, environment, and business levels. In this article, a survey of technologies for providing connectivity to rural areas, which can help address this challenge, is provided. Although access/fronthaul and backhaul techniques are discussed in this article, it is noted that the major limitation for providing connectivity to rural and underprivileged areas is the cost of backhaul deployment. In addition, energy requirements and cost-efficiency of the studied technologies are analyzed. In fact, the challenges faced for deploying an electricity network, as a prerequisite for deploying communication networks, are huge in these areas, and they are granted an important share of the discussions in this article. Furthermore, typical application scenarios in rural areas are discussed, and several country-specific use cases are surveyed. The main initiatives by key international players aiming to provide rural connectivity are also described. Moreover, directions for the future evolution of rural connectivity are outlined in this article. Although there is no single solution that can solve all rural connectivity problems, building gradually on the current achievements in order to reach ubiquitous connectivity, while taking into account the particularities of each region and tailoring the solution accordingly, seems to be the most suitable path to follow.

A critical review on wireless charging for electric vehicles

Abstract: Electric vehicles (EVs) have recently been significantly developed in terms of both performance and drive range. There already are various models commercially available, and the number of EVs on road increases rapidly. Although most existing EVs are charged by electric cables, companies like Tesla, BMW and Nissan have started to develop wireless charged EVs that don’t require bulky cables. Rather than physical cable connection, the wireless (inductive) link effectively avoids sparking over plugging/unplugging. Furthermore, wireless charging opens new possibilities for dynamic charging – charging while driving. Once realised, EVs will no longer be limited by their electric drive range and the requirement for battery capacity will be greatly reduced. This has been prioritised and promoted worldwide, particularly in UK, Germany and Korea. This paper presents a thorough literature review on the wireless charging technology for EVs. The key technical components of wireless charging are summarised and compared, such as compensation topologies, coil design and communication. To enhance the charging power, an innovative approach towards the use of superconducting material in coil designs is investigated and their potential impact on wireless charging is discussed. In addition, health and safety concerns about wireless charging are addressed, as well as their relevant standards. Economically, the costs of a wide range of wireless charging systems has also been summarised and compared.

Adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) in Agriculture and Smart Farming towards Urban Greening: A Review

Abstract: It is essential to increase the productivity of agricultural and farming processes to improve yields and cost-effectiveness with new technology such as the Internet of Things (IoT). In particular, IoT can make agricultural and farming industry processes more efficient by reducing human intervention through automation. In this study, the aim to analyze recently developed IoT applications in the agriculture and farming industries to provide an overview of sensor data collections, technologies, and sub-verticals such as water management and crop management. In this review, data is extracted from 60 peer-reviewed scientific publications (2016-2018) with a focus on IoT sub-verticals and sensor data collection for measurements to make accurate decisions. Our results from the reported studies show water management is the highest sub-vertical (28.08%) followed by crop management (14.60%) then smart farming (10.11%). From the data collection, livestock management and irrigation management resulted in the same percentage (5.61%). In regard to sensor data collection, the highest result was for the measurement of environmental temperature (24.87%) and environmental humidity (19.79%). There are also some other sensor data regarding soil moisture (15.73%) and soil pH (7.61%). Research indicates that of the technologies used in IoT application development, Wi-Fi is the most frequently used (30.27%) followed by mobile technology (21.10%). As per our review of the research, we can conclude that the agricultural sector (76.1%) is researched considerably more than compared to the farming sector (23.8%). This study should be used as a reference for members of the agricultural industry to improve and develop the use of IoT to enhance agricultural production efficiencies. This study also provides recommendations for future research to include IoT systems' scalability, heterogeneity aspects, IoT system architecture, data analysis methods, size or scale of the observed land or agricultural domain, IoT security and threat solutions/protocols, operational technology, data storage, cloud platform, and power supplies.