Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari

Bio: Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari is an academic researcher from Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya. The author has contributed to research in topics: Rhizobacteria & Rhizosphere. The author has an hindex of 40, co-authored 152 publications receiving 4508 citations. Previous affiliations of Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari include University of Tokyo & Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University.

Plant growth and health promoting bacteria

Abstract: Dardanelli MS, Carletti SM, Paulucci NS, Medeot DB, Rodriguez Caceres EA, Vita FA, Bueno M, Fumero MV, Garcia MB: Benefits of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Rhizobia in Agriculture.- Marcia do Vale Barreto Figueiredo, Lucy Seldin, Fabio Fernando de Araujo, Rosa de Lima Eamos Mariano: PGPR: Fundamentals and Applications.- Haluk Caglar Kaymak: Potential of PGPR in Agricultural Innovations.- G Seneviratne, MLMAW Weerasekara, KACN Seneviratne, JS Zavahir, ML Kecskes, IR Kennedy: Importance of biofilm formation in plant growth promoting rhizobacterial action.- Naveen K. Arora, Ekta Khare, Dinesh K. Maheshwari: PGPR: Constraints in Bioformulation, Commercialization and Future Strategies.- C.S. Quan, X. Wang, S.D. Fan: Antifungal Compounds of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and its Action Mode.- Mohd. Sayeed Akhtar, Zaki A. Siddiqui: Role of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in Biocontrol of Plant Diseases and Sustainable Agriculture.- Correa Olga Susana, Soria Marcelo Abel: Potential of Bacilli for Biocontrol and their Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture.- Nico Labuschagne, T Pretorius, Idris A H: Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria as Biocontrol Agents against Soilborne Plant Diseases.- Piyush Pandey, Abhinav Aeron, Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari: Sustainable Approaches for Biological Control of Fusarium Wilt in Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millspaugh).- Suikinai Nobre Santos, Vanessa Nessner Kavamura, Joao Luiz da Silva, Itamar Soares de Melo, Fernando Dini Andreote: Plant Growth Promoter Rhizobacteria in Plants Inhabiting Harsh Tropical Environments and its Role in Agricultural Improvements.- Pankaj Kumar Mishra, Piyush Joshi, Shekhar Chandra Bisht, Jaideep Kumar Bisht, Govindan Selvakumar: Cold tolerant Agriculturally Important Microorganisms.- Stephen P. Cummings, Caroline Orr: The Role of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in Sustainable and Low Input Graminaceous Crop Production.- Janpem Prakamhang, Nantakorn Boonkerd, Neung Teaumroong: Rice Endophytic Diazotrophic Bacteria.- Venkadasamy Govindasamy, Murugesan Senthilkumar, Vellaichamy Magheshwaran, Upendra Kumar, Pranita Bose, Vikas Sharma and Kannepalli Annapurna: Bacillus and Paenibacillus spp.: Potential PGPR for Sustainable Agriculture.- Meenu Saraf, Chaitanya Kumar Jha, Dhara Patel: The Role of ACC Deaminase Producing PGPR in Sustainable Agriculture.- Vincent Gray: The Role on the C: N: P Stoichiometry in the Carbon Balance Dynamics of the Legume-AMF-Rhizobium Tripartite Symbiotic Association.- Marieta Hristozkova, Maria Geneva, Ira Stancheva: Regulation of Nitrogen Assimilation in Foliar Fed Legume Plants at Insufficient Molybdenum Supply.

Biological control of root rot fungus Macrophomina phaseolina and growth enhancement of Pinus roxburghii (Sarg.) by rhizosphere competent Bacillus subtilis BN1

Abstract: Bacterial isolates having antifungal and good plant growth-promoting attributes were isolated from chir-pine (Pinus roxburghii) rhizosphere. An isolate, Bacillus subtilis BN1 exhibited strong antagonistic activity against Macrophomina phaseolina, and other phytopathogens including Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani. It was characterized and selected for the present studies. BN1 resulted in vacuolation, hyphal squeezing, swelling, abnormal branching and lysis of mycelia. The cell-free culture filtrate of BN1 inhibited the growth of M. phaseolina. Pot trial study resulted in statistically significant increase in seedling biomass besides reduction in root rot symptoms in chir-pine seedlings. BN1 treatment resulted in 43.6% and 93.54% increases in root and shoot dry weights respectively, as compared to control. Also, 80–85% seed viability was recorded in treatments receiving BN1 either alone or in the presence of M. phaseolina, compared to 54.5% with M. phaseolina. Bioinoculant formulation study suggested that maximum viability of bacteria was in a sawdust-based carrier. B. subtilis BN1 produced lytic enzymes, chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase, which are known to cause hyphal degradation and digestion of the cell wall component of M. phaseolina. In the presence of M. phaseolina, population of B1 was 1.5 × 104 c.f.u. g−1 root after one month, which increased to 4.5 × 104 c.f.u. g−1 root in three months. Positive root colonization capability of B. subtilis BN1 proved it as a potent biocontrol agent.

Solubilization of insoluble inorganic phosphates by a soil-inhabiting fungus Fomitopsis sp. PS 102

Abstract: The field soil at Taegu, South Korea was screened for phosphate solubilizing fungal strains. Such strains were identified to be Fomitopsis sp. Phosphate solubilizing ability of Fomitopsis sp. PS 102 was studied on four different insoluble phosphates, viz. tricalcium phosphate, rock phosphate, aluminium phosphate and hydroxyapatite. Tricalcium phosphate was found to be solubilized maximally, while hydroxyapatite could not be solubilized by the isolated fungal strain. Further, the effect of salinity under in vitro conditions on the solubilization activity of rock phosphate was also observed. Presence of 1 % NaCI enhanced the solubilization of rock phosphate by Fomitopsis sp. PS 102.

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): emergence in agriculture

Abstract: Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are the rhizosphere bacteria that can enhance plant growth by a wide variety of mechanisms like phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, biological nitrogen fixation, rhizosphere engineering, production of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC), quorum sensing (QS) signal interference and inhibition of biofilm formation, phytohormone production, exhibiting antifungal activity, production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), induction of systemic resistance, promoting beneficial plant-microbe symbioses, interference with pathogen toxin production etc. The potentiality of PGPR in agriculture is steadily increased as it offers an attractive way to replace the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other supplements. Growth promoting substances are likely to be produced in large quantities by these rhizosphere microorganisms that influence indirectly on the overall morphology of the plants. Recent progress in our understanding on the diversity of PGPR in the rhizosphere along with their colonization ability and mechanism of action should facilitate their application as a reliable component in the management of sustainable agricultural system. The progress to date in using the rhizosphere bacteria in a variety of applications related to agricultural improvement along with their mechanism of action with special reference to plant growth-promoting traits are summarized and discussed in this review.

Soil beneficial bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion: a review

Abstract: Soil bacteria are very important in biogeochemical cycles and have been used for crop production for decades. Plant–bacterial interactions in the rhizosphere are the determinants of plant health and soil fertility. Free-living soil bacteria beneficial to plant growth, usually referred to as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), are capable of promoting plant growth by colonizing the plant root. PGPR are also termed plant health promoting rhizobacteria (PHPR) or nodule promoting rhizobacteria (NPR). These are associated with the rhizosphere, which is an important soil ecological environment for plant–microbe interactions. Symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria include the cyanobacteria of the genera Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Azorhizobium, Allorhizobium, Sinorhizobium and Mesorhizobium. Free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria or associative nitrogen fixers, for example bacteria belonging to the species Azospirillum, Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Pseudomonas, have been shown to attach to the root and efficiently colonize root surfaces. PGPR have the potential to contribute to sustainable plant growth promotion. Generally, PGPR function in three different ways: synthesizing particular compounds for the plants, facilitating the uptake of certain nutrients from the soil, and lessening or preventing the plants from diseases. Plant growth promotion and development can be facilitated both directly and indirectly. Indirect plant growth promotion includes the prevention of the deleterious effects of phytopathogenic organisms. This can be achieved by the production of siderophores, i.e. small metal-binding molecules. Biological control of soil-borne plant pathogens and the synthesis of antibiotics have also been reported in several bacterial species. Another mechanism by which PGPR can inhibit phytopathogens is the production of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and/or fungal cell wall degrading enzymes, e.g., chitinase and s-1,3-glucanase. Direct plant growth promotion includes symbiotic and non-symbiotic PGPR which function through production of plant hormones such as auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, ethylene and abscisic acid. Production of indole-3-ethanol or indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the compounds belonging to auxins, have been reported for several bacterial genera. Some PGPR function as a sink for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC), the immediate precursor of ethylene in higher plants, by hydrolyzing it into α-ketobutyrate and ammonia, and in this way promote root growth by lowering indigenous ethylene levels in the micro-rhizo environment. PGPR also help in solubilization of mineral phosphates and other nutrients, enhance resistance to stress, stabilize soil aggregates, and improve soil structure and organic matter content. PGPR retain more soil organic N, and other nutrients in the plant–soil system, thus reducing the need for fertilizer N and P and enhancing release of the nutrients.