https://www.ermes-group.eu/web/system/files/filedepot/10/2013-JRC-Road-vehicle-emission-factors-development-A-review.pdf

Road vehicle emission factors development: A review

Review of motor vehicle particulate emissions sampling and measurement: From smoke and filter mass to particle number

Use of portable emissions measurement system (PEMS) for the development and validation of passenger car emission factors

On-road emission factor distributions of individual diesel vehicles in and around Beijing, China

The real-world fuel efficiency and exhaust emission profiles of CO, HC and NOx for light-duty diesel vehicles were investigated. Using a portable emissions measurement system, 16 diesel taxies were tested on different roads in Macao and the data were normalized with the vehicle specific power bin method. The 11 Toyota Corolla diesel taxies have very good fuel economy of (5.9 +/- 0.6) L/100 km, while other five diesel taxies showed relatively high values at (8.5 +/- 1.7) L/100 km due to the variation in transmission systems and emission control strategies. Compared to similar Corolla gasoline models, the diesel cars confirmed an advantage of ca. 20% higher fuel efficiency. HC and CO emissions of all the 16 taxies are quite low, with the average at (0.05 +/- 0.02) g/km and (0.38 +/- 0.15) g/km, respectively. The average NOx emission factor of the 11 Corolla taxies is (0.56 +/- 0.17) g/km, about three times higher than their gasoline counterparts. Two of the three Hyundai Sonata taxies, configured with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) + diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) emission control strategies, indicated significantly higher NO2 emissions and NO2/NOx ratios than other diesel taxies and consequently trigger a concern of possibly adverse impacts on ozone pollution in urban areas with this technology combination. A clear and similar pattern for fuel consumption and for each of the three gaseous pollutant emissions with various road conditions was identified. To save energy and mitigate CO2 emissions as well as other gaseous pollutant emissions in urban area, traffic planning also needs improvement.

Real-world fuel efficiency and exhaust emissions of light-duty diesel vehicles and their correlation with road conditions.

On-road comparison of a portable emission measurement system with a mobile reference laboratory for a heavy-duty diesel vehicle

Heavy duty emissions regulations have recently expanded from the laboratory to include in-use requirements. This paradigm shift to in-use testing has forced the development of portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) for particulate matter (PM). These PM measurements are not trivial for laboratory work, and are even more complex for in-use testing. This study evaluates five PM PEMS in comparison to UCR’s mobile reference laboratory under in-use conditions. Three on-highway, heavy-duty trucks were selected to provide PM emissions levels from 0.1 to 0.0003 g/hp-h, with varying compositions of elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and sulfate. The on-road driving courses included segments near sea level, at elevations up to 1500 m, and coastal and desert regions. The photoacoustic measurement PEMS performed best for the non-aftertreatment system (ATS)-equipped engine, where the PM was mostly EC, with a linear regression slope of 0.91 and an R2 of 0.95. The PEMS did not perform as well for the 2007...

Dipak Bishnu

Papers

On-road comparison of a portable emission measurement system with a mobile reference laboratory for a heavy-duty diesel vehicle

Quantifying In-Use PM Measurements for Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles

Characterization of PM-PEMS for in-use measurements conducted during validation testing for the PM-PEMS measurement allowance program

Determination of the PEMS Measurement Allowance for PM Emissions Regulated Under the Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine In-Use Testing Program