Author
Don McGlinchey
Bio: Don McGlinchey is an academic researcher from Glasgow Caledonian University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider & Silo. The author has an hindex of 23, co-authored 103 publications receiving 1499 citations.
Topics: Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Silo, Hadron, Mass flow, Heat transfer
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report on the observation of elliptic and triangular flow patterns of charged particles produced in proton-gold collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV.
Abstract: The experimental study of the collisions of heavy nuclei at relativistic energies has established the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a state of hot, dense nuclear matter in which quarks and gluons are not bound into hadrons. In this state, matter behaves as a nearly inviscid fluid that efficiently translates initial spatial anisotropies into correlated momentum anisotropies among the produced particles, producing a common velocity field pattern known as collective flow. In recent years, comparable momentum anisotropies have been measured in small-system proton-proton ($p$$+$$p$) and proton-nucleus ($p$$+$$A$) collisions, despite expectations that the volume and lifetime of the medium produced would be too small to form a QGP. Here, we report on the observation of elliptic and triangular flow patterns of charged particles produced in proton-gold ($p$$+$Au), deuteron-gold ($d$$+$Au), and helium-gold ($^3$He$+$Au) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$~=~200 GeV. The unique combination of three distinct initial geometries and two flow patterns provides unprecedented model discrimination. Hydrodynamical models, which include the formation of a short-lived QGP droplet, provide a simultaneous description of these measurements.
159 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, centrality-dependent distributions at midrapidity are presented in terms of the number of nucleon participants, $N{\rm part}$, and number of constituent quark participants, N{q{\rm p}}$.
Abstract: Measurements of midrapidity charged particle multiplicity distributions, $dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta$, and midrapidity transverse-energy distributions, $dE_T/d\eta$, are presented for a variety of collision systems and energies. Included are distributions for Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$, 130, 62.4, 39, 27, 19.6, 14.5, and 7.7 GeV, Cu$+$Cu collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ and 62.4 GeV, Cu$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV, U$+$U collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=193$ GeV, $d$$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV, $^{3}$He$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV, and $p$$+$$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV. Centrality-dependent distributions at midrapidity are presented in terms of the number of nucleon participants, $N_{\rm part}$, and the number of constituent quark participants, $N_{q{\rm p}}$. For all $A$$+$$A$ collisions down to $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=7.7$ GeV, it is observed that the midrapidity data are better described by scaling with $N_{q{\rm p}}$ than scaling with $N_{\rm part}$. Also presented are estimates of the Bjorken energy density, $\varepsilon_{\rm BJ}$, and the ratio of $dE_T/d\eta$ to $dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta$, the latter of which is seen to be constant as a function of centrality for all systems.
102 citations
TL;DR: The PHENIX experiment at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has measured second and third-order Fourier coefficients of the azimuthal distributions of direct photons emitted at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV for various collision centralities as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The PHENIX experiment at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has measured second- and third-order Fourier coefficients of the azimuthal distributions of direct photons emitted at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV for various collision centralities. Combining two different analysis techniques, results were obtained in the transverse momentum range of 0.4
89 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the measurement of cumulants (Cn,n = 1,...,4) of the net-charge distributions measured within pseudorapidity (|η| < 0.35) in Au + Au collis was reported.
Abstract: We report the measurement of cumulants (Cn,n = 1,...,4) of the net-charge distributions measured within pseudorapidity (|η| < 0.35) in Au + Au collis
73 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present results for three charmonia states, i.e., (1) {n, c, c}, (2), (3), and (4), in the case of the superproton synchrotron and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider.
Abstract: We present results for three charmonia states (${\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$, ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c}$, and $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$) in $d+\mathrm{Au}$ collisions at $|y|l0.35$ and $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=200\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$. We find that the modification of the ${\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ yield relative to that of the $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ scales approximately with charged particle multiplicity at midrapidity across $p+A$, $d+\mathrm{Au}$, and $A+A$ results from the Super Proton Synchrotron and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. In large-impact-parameter collisions we observe a similar suppression for the ${\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ and $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$, while in small-impact-parameter collisions the more weakly bound ${\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ is more strongly suppressed. Owing to the short time spent traversing the Au nucleus, the larger ${\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ suppression in central events is not explained by an increase of the nuclear absorption owing to meson formation time effects.
73 citations
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TL;DR: Zhu et al. as discussed by the authors provided a summary of the studies based on discrete particle simulation in the past two decades or so, with emphasis on the microdynamics including packing/flow structure and particle-particle, particle-fluid and particle wall interaction forces.
1,253 citations
Hampton University1, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility2, University of Paris-Sud3, University of Santiago, Chile4, Brookhaven National Laboratory5, University of Pavia6, University of Groningen7, Federico Santa María Technical University8, Shandong University9, Goethe University Frankfurt10, Stony Brook University11, Baruch College12, Duke University13, Argonne National Laboratory14, The Catholic University of America15, Old Dominion University16, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory17, Ohio State University18, University of Zagreb19, University of Jyväskylä20, Tel Aviv University21, CERN22, Temple University23, Massachusetts Institute of Technology24, Columbia University25, Ruhr University Bochum26, California Institute of Technology27, University of Massachusetts Amherst28, University of Buenos Aires29, University of the Basque Country30, University of Connecticut31, University of Tübingen32, Pennsylvania State University33, Stanford University34, Dalhousie University35, Central China Normal University36
TL;DR: In this article, the science case of an Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), focused on the structure and interactions of gluon-dominated matter, with the intent to articulate it to the broader nuclear science community, is presented.
Abstract: This White Paper presents the science case of an Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), focused on the structure and interactions of gluon-dominated matter, with the intent to articulate it to the broader nuclear science community. It was commissioned by the managements of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) with the objective of presenting a summary of scientific opportunities and goals of the EIC as a follow-up to the 2007 NSAC Long Range plan. This document is a culmination of a community-wide effort in nuclear science following a series of workshops on EIC physics over the past decades and, in particular, the focused ten-week program on “Gluons and quark sea at high energies” at the Institute for Nuclear Theory in Fall 2010. It contains a brief description of a few golden physics measurements along with accelerator and detector concepts required to achieve them. It has been benefited profoundly from inputs by the users’ communities of BNL and JLab. This White Paper offers the promise to propel the QCD science program in the US, established with the CEBAF accelerator at JLab and the RHIC collider at BNL, to the next QCD frontier.
1,022 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the phase boundary of strongly interacting matter is located and the phase structure of quantum chromodynamics is elucidated by analysing particle production in high-energy nuclear collisions within the framework of statistical hadronization, which accounts for the thermal distribution of particle species.
Abstract: Recent studies based on lattice Monte Carlo simulations of quantum chromodynamics (QCD)—the theory of strong interactions—have demonstrated that at high temperature there is a phase change from confined hadronic matter to a deconfined quark–gluon plasma in which quarks and gluons can travel distances that greatly exceed the size of hadrons. Here we show that the phase structure of such strongly interacting matter can be decoded by analysing particle production in high-energy nuclear collisions within the framework of statistical hadronization, which accounts for the thermal distribution of particle species. Our results represent a phenomenological determination of the location of the phase boundary of strongly interacting matter, and imply quark–hadron duality at this boundary. By analysing particle production in high-energy nuclear collisions, the phase boundary of strongly interacting matter is located and the phase structure of quantum chromodynamics is elucidated, implying quark–hadron duality.
481 citations
Technische Universität München1, Novosibirsk State University2, GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research3, University of Kentucky4, Fermilab5, Washington University in St. Louis6, University of Graz7, University of Vienna8, University of Maryland, College Park9, Max Planck Society10, Vienna University of Technology11, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility12, Hampton University13, University of Bonn14, University of Washington15, Complutense University of Madrid16, University of Mainz17, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology18, University of Groningen19, University of Paris-Sud20, Indiana University21, University of California, Davis22, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory23, University of Helsinki24, University of Virginia25, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare26, Forschungszentrum Jülich27, University of Bern28, Warsaw University of Technology29, CERN30, Kent State University31, Utrecht University32, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI33, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory34, University of Valencia35, University of Granada36, Stony Brook University37, Brookhaven National Laboratory38, University of Naples Federico II39, University of Santiago de Compostela40, Ruhr University Bochum41, Far Eastern Federal University42
TL;DR: In this paper, the progress, current status, and open challenges of QCD-driven physics, in theory and in experiment, are highlighted, highlighting how the strong interaction is intimately connected to a broad sweep of physical problems, in settings ranging from astrophysics and cosmology to strongly coupled, complex systems in particle and condensed-matter physics, as well as searches for physics beyond the Standard Model.
Abstract: We highlight the progress, current status, and open challenges of QCD-driven physics, in theory and in experiment. We discuss how the strong interaction is intimately connected to a broad sweep of physical problems, in settings ranging from astrophysics and cosmology to strongly coupled, complex systems in particle and condensed-matter physics, as well as to searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. We also discuss how success in describing the strong interaction impacts other fields, and, in turn, how such subjects can impact studies of the strong interaction. In the course of the work we offer a perspective on the many research streams which flow into and out of QCD, as well as a vision for future developments.
433 citations