Author
Donald M. Thomson
Bio: Donald M. Thomson is an academic researcher from Monash University, Clayton campus. The author has contributed to research in topics: Recall & Explicit memory. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 3 publications receiving 4249 citations.
Papers
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TL;DR: This paper describes and evaluates explanations offered by these theories to account for the effect of extralist cuing, facilitation of recall of list items by nonlist items.
Abstract: Recent changes in prctheorclical orientation toward problems of human memory have brought with them a concern with retrieval processes, and a number of early versions of theories of retrieval have been constructed. This paper describes and evaluates explanations offered by these theories to account for the effect of extralist cuing, facilitation of recall of list items by nonlist items. Experiments designed to test the currently most popular theory of retrieval, the generation-recognition theory, yielded results incompatible not only with generation-recognition models, but most other theories as well: under certain conditions subjects consistently failed to recognize many recallable list words. Several tentative explanations of this phenomenon of recognition failure were subsumed under the encoding specificity principle according to which the memory trace of an event and hence the properties of effective retrieval cue are determined by the specific encoding operations performed by the system on the input stimuli.
4,197 citations
TL;DR: Research findings from studies which have examined the developmental pattern for recognition of unfamiliar faces and relevant theories are reviewed, and an alternative explanation in terms of increasing efficiency of encoding is proposed.
Abstract: In this article, research findings from studies which have examined the developmental pattern for recognition of unfamiliar faces and relevant theories are reviewed. Recognition of faces was found to improve with age from about five years to adulthood, with some studies reporting a dip during early adolescence. Two neuropsychological explanations (development of hemisphere specialization and maturational changes) and four information processing explanations (depth of face processing, pattern of feature salience, development of face schema, and encoding shift) are described and assessed for their tenability in light of reported findings. Explanations for the developmental dip are also discussed. Since these explanations failed to receive sufficient empirical support, an alternative explanation in terms of increasing efficiency of encoding is proposed.
200 citations
TL;DR: The effect of context and instructions on person identification was examined in this paper, where "viewers" saw a series of slides which depicted people wearing certain clothing, doing certain activities, in certain contexts.
Abstract: The effect of context and instructions on person identification was examined, “Witnesses” saw a series of slides which depicted people wearing certain clothing, doing certain activities, in certain...
9 citations
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TL;DR: The meaning of the terms "method" and "method bias" are explored and whether method biases influence all measures equally are examined, and the evidence of the effects that method biases have on individual measures and on the covariation between different constructs is reviewed.
Abstract: Despite the concern that has been expressed about potential method biases, and the pervasiveness of research settings with the potential to produce them, there is disagreement about whether they really are a problem for researchers in the behavioral sciences. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to explore the current state of knowledge about method biases. First, we explore the meaning of the terms “method” and “method bias” and then we examine whether method biases influence all measures equally. Next, we review the evidence of the effects that method biases have on individual measures and on the covariation between different constructs. Following this, we evaluate the procedural and statistical remedies that have been used to control method biases and provide recommendations for minimizing method bias.
8,719 citations
01 Jan 1964
TL;DR: In this paper, the notion of a collective unconscious was introduced as a theory of remembering in social psychology, and a study of remembering as a study in Social Psychology was carried out.
Abstract: Part I. Experimental Studies: 2. Experiment in psychology 3. Experiments on perceiving III Experiments on imaging 4-8. Experiments on remembering: (a) The method of description (b) The method of repeated reproduction (c) The method of picture writing (d) The method of serial reproduction (e) The method of serial reproduction picture material 9. Perceiving, recognizing, remembering 10. A theory of remembering 11. Images and their functions 12. Meaning Part II. Remembering as a Study in Social Psychology: 13. Social psychology 14. Social psychology and the matter of recall 15. Social psychology and the manner of recall 16. Conventionalism 17. The notion of a collective unconscious 18. The basis of social recall 19. A summary and some conclusions.
5,690 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1983
TL;DR: In this article, the authors define a set of rhetorical schemata to be discussed in what follows, and describe them as descriptions, not definitions, and the bus schema contains information that is neither nor-
Abstract: rhetorical schemata to be discussed in what follows. Finally, schemata are descriptions, not definitions. The ‘bus’ schema contains information that is nor-
4,281 citations
3,793 citations