E. Abdul Azeez

Bio: E. Abdul Azeez is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Capacity utilization & Short run. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 3 publications receiving 91 citations.

Economic reforms and industrial performance : an analysis of capacity utilisation in Indian manufacturing

Abstract: This paper examines the performance of Indian manufacturing sector in terms of economic capacity utilization (CU), over 1974-1998. An attempt is also made to understand the impact of policy changes, inter alia, on the observed movements of CU. The economic CU, defined as the realization of output at which the short run average total cost is minimized, is estimated using a translog cost function. We observe cyclical movements in CU over the period. Three distinct phases have been identified with regard to the movements in CU. While phase one (1974-1984) is characterized by relatively wide fluctuations, phase two (1985-1990) witnessed a roughly stable level of utilization. In the third phase (1991-1998), a variant of the fluctuations witnessed in the first phase is seen to have resurfaced. Interestingly, there has not been any significant correspondence between the observed phases of CU with the corresponding policy environment. While supply and demand side factors are significant in determining CU in Indian manufacturing, the impact of economic reforms per se is not remarkable.

Industrial growth in kerala : trends and explanations

Abstract: The study traces the trends in industrial growth against the backdrop of the overall economic growth in Kerala under the influence of the ongoing economic reforms and evaluates it against the performance of Karnataka, Tamilnadu and all-India. The analysis reveals that a phase of growth revival has set in the overall economy since the late eighties. Though the manufacturing industry has improved its growth performance over time, the growth rates recorded during the nineties are not higher than the corresponding figures for the eighties. The relatively low growth profile of the manufacturing industry, when the general economy is growing remarkably well, appears a riddle of the recent growth trends under the reform process in Kerala. It is argued that inadequate growth of investment has constrained the pace of modernisation of old units and establishment of new units based on `state-of-art' technology needed for the survival and growth of industries in a globally competitive environment. The study suggests that the lack of a clear and pragmatic approach of the state in its response to the reform process and a positive attitude in its own policies for encouraging private investment makes Kerala a less investor friendly location for manufacturing industry. It underlines the need for a new vision and strategy, which could fully utilise Kerala's comparative advantage in human resources, and place greater emphasis on developing knowledge-based and service industries, for accelerating the growth of income and employment in industry.

Economic reforms and industrial performance: An analysis of capacity utilisation in Indian manufacturing

Abstract: This paper examines the performance of Indian manufacturing sector in terms of economic capacity utilization (CU), over 1974-1998. An attempt is also made to understand the impact of policy changes, inter alia, on the observed movements of CU. The economic CU, defined as the realization of output at which the short run average total cost is minimized, is estimated using a translog cost function. We observe cyclical movements in CU over the period. Three distinct phases have been identified with regard to the movements in CU. While phase one (1974-1984) is characterized by relatively wide fluctuations, phase two (1985-1990) witnessed a roughly stable level of utilization. In the third phase (1991-1998), a variant of the fluctuations witnessed in the first phase is seen to have resurfaced. Interestingly, there has not been any significant correspondence between the observed phases of CU with the corresponding policy environment. While supply and demand side factors are significant in determining CU in Indian manufacturing, the impact of economic reforms per se is not remarkable.

Impacts of Development Induced Displacement on the Tribal Communities of India: An Integrative Review

Abstract: : Development-induced displacement (DID) has been a contentious issue linked to development today. Thousands of people, particularly tribal and other marginalized communities in India, are being uprooted from their land every year in the name of development. The available evidence-based suggests that DID brings a myriad of implications to the lives of the displaced. However, it is unclear what domains DID impacts and marginalizes tribal communities. Therefore, this review aims to analyze the impacts of DID on the lives of tribal communities in India. Synthesizing evidence on the impact of DID deserves high policy and research attention. An integrative review of the published literature between 1992 and 2019 was undertaken. The review was performed using the database from Google Scholar and Scopus. Seventy-three articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Five themes emerged from the review on the impact of DID on tribal communities: impact on land and livelihood, impacts on socio-cultural life, impact on health and education, human rights violation, and the state of rehabilitative measures. DID has put a significant toll on the lives of tribal communities of India. Policy measures should be implemented appropriately to ensure the rights of tribal and other vulnerable communities. Each of the displacement on the different domains of tribal life. The themes include (a) impact on and impacts on (c) impact on and rights and

KERALA'S GULF CONNECTION Emigration, Remittances and their Macroeconomic Impact 1972-2000

Abstract: This paper attempts to construct a time series estimation of remittances from abroad to the Kerala economy for the period 1972 to 2000. It is now widely acknowledged that foreign remittances in the economy of the State of Kerala in India in the form of money sent by its workers in the Gulf countries play a crucial role. The study finds that by the early nineties remittances to the Kerala economy assumed a significant share of state income. This ranged from 17 percent during 1991-92 and 24 percent during 1997-98 with an average of 22 percent for the second half of the nineties. The liberalisation of the Indian economic policies, particularly the foreign exchange rate, benefited Kerala directly. Adding the remittance income to the Net State Domestic Product, a Modified State Income series has been constructed. As a result Kerala’s per capita income not only caught up with the average per capita income for India but started exceeding it reaching 49 percent above the national average by the end of the nineties. This tallies with per capita consumer expenditure in Kerala, which was in excess of 41 percent above the national average by the end of the nineties. Remittances have also made significant impact on savings. By the nineties savings rates in the Kerala economy seem to have reached such high levels comparable to the East and South East Asian countries. The significance of remittances can also be gauged by its relative magnitudes. By the end of the nineties remittances reached such levels that they were well above the total government expenditure, value added in manufacturing and even the value added in industrial sector as a whole. JEL Classification: F22, J61

International trade, r&d spillovers and productivity: evidence from indian manufacturing industry

Abstract: This paper examines the effect of trade facilitated R&D spillovers on the productivity of manufacturing firms in India, inter-sectoral variation in the effect on productivity and the importance of firms' investment in R&D, technology imports and plant and machinery in enhancing the productivity effect. Using firm level panel data, the study shows that R&D spillovers have a significant effect on productivity and that this effect is greater in technology-intensive industries. The paper also shows that firms' investment in plant and machinery enhances the productivity effect of R&D spillovers. The paper provides detailed micro-level evidence on the argument that trade openness promotes technological progress in developing countries.

E-governance services through Telecentres-Role of Human Intermediary and issues of Trust

Abstract: Studies on telecentres have shown that the centres can become socially relevant only when they provide services in accordance with the needs of the local community. The studies have also shown the importance of a local intermediary in making telecentres successful. The paper shows how trust between citizens and intermediaries at various levels affect the way e-governance services are delivered through telecentres. Drawing on the theoretical framework of the sociology of governance and taking an institutionalist perspective, this paper highlights how the institutional membership of the intermediary is critical for an engaging relationship between citizens and providers for providing services. The paper is based on an empirical study of Akshaya telecentre project in Kerala.

Gulf Migration Study: Employment, Wages and Working Conditions of Kerala Emigrants in the United Arab Emirates

Abstract: This is the fourth in a series of Working Papers published by the CDS on Kerala migration. Unlike the other three, this one is financed by the Kerala Government and the data were collected in UAE. The objectives of this Working Paper are to; document changes in the labour demand for different categories of emigrant workers, enumerate the emigration policies, examine employment and working conditions, wage levels and related problems of the Kerala emigrants, understand the education and training requirements of future emigrants to UAE. [Working Paper No. 326]

Towards understanding the merger-wave in the Indian corporate sector : a comparative perspective

Abstract: The corporate sector in India has witnessed a substantial growth of Mergers and Acquisitions (M&As) during the 1990s, facilitated by the policy-shift under Structural Adjustment Program. During the first wave (i.e., 1990-95), the Indian corporate houses seem to have been bracing up to face foreign competition while the second wave (i.e., 1995-2000) experienced a large presence of multinational firms. M&As also determined, to a large extent, the nature of foreign investment in the country during this period. A large share of these M&As were between firms belonging to the same business groups with a view to increase their respective controlling blocs in order to guard against a takeover. However, the study could not find any evidence of efficiency-related factors influencing M&As. It is rather growth of the firm in terms of their asset-size and market share that have been noticed. There are indications that one of the main motives could have been financial, that is, to increase the equity size, which can be further used to borrow resources for modernization. It is indeed a matter of grave concern that with the end of licensing policies, not even a reliable list of MNEs in India could be located from a publicly available source, not to speak of reliable information about their operations in the country. The behaviour pattern of Acquiring firms alerts us to the importance of working towards a desirable and workable competition policy and an appropriate corporate governance regime for the country. This is to be done keeping in view the need to develop productive capacities and generate employment within the country, providing for adequate `promotional measures' and safeguards to the small and medium entrepreneurs.