E J J Samuel

Bio: E J J Samuel is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Green tea extract & Polyacrylamide. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 2 publications receiving 3 citations.

Antioxidant effect of green tea on polymer gel dosimeter

Abstract: Extract from Green Tea (GTE) acts as an antioxidant in acrylamide based polymer gel dosimeter. In this work, PAGAT gel was used for investigation of antioxidant effect of GTE.PAGAT was called PAGTEG (Polyacrylamide green tea extract gel dosimeter) after adding GTE. Free radicals in water cause pre polymerization of polymer gel before irradiation. Polyphenols from GTE are highly effective to absorb the free radicals in water. THPC is used as an antioxidant in polymer gel dosimeter but here we were replaced it by GTE and investigated its effect by spectrophotometer. GTE added PAGAT samples response was lower compared to THPC added sample. To increase the sensitivity of the PAGTEG, sugar was added. This study confirmed that THPC was a good antioxidant for polymer gel dosimeter. However, GTE also can be used as an antioxidant in polymer gel if use less quantity (GTE) and add sugar as sensitivity enhancer.

Particle size analysis of PAGAT gel dosimetry

Abstract: This work represents the response of PAGAT gel dosimeter using UV-Visible Spectrophotometry. The particle size and optimal wavelength of the gel sample were analyzed from the obtained spectrum. In addition, the compressibility was estimated using Ultrasonic Interferometer. The results showed that the particle size of the PAGAT varied appreciably with respect to the dose applied but did not vary significantly with the post irradiation time.

Current scenario of biomedical aspect of metal-based nanoparticles on gel dosimetry

Abstract: In past decades, the possibility of using high atomic number nanoparticle has gained interest in gel dosimetry to enhance the dose deposited in the tumor while using low radiation as well as for better imaging purposes. Sparing of healthy tissues and targeting the tumor part have become much more captivating with the help of these systems. The gel dosimetry is a the three-dimensional dosimeter for extracting the dose, which can be used along with the nanoparticles like gold, platinum, and silver, for better therapeutic efficiency for modern radiotherapy techniques. These nanoparticles of different size prepared either by chemical route or green synthesis and incorporated into the gel system respond in a different manner. Having wide applications in therapeutic field, this study reviews the use of gel dosimeters in the therapeutic procedures and also with the aid of nanoparticles so as to achieve dose enhancement. The biological activity of the various nanoparticles has been discussed.

Radiation Dosimetry—A Different Perspective of Polymer Gel

Abstract: Medical physics has gained much interest in the past few decades with the introduction of polymer gels which act both as a phantom and a dosimeter. These polymer gels act as the substrate for the dose to act upon, after which the distribution can be read three-dimensionally. Mainly consisting of a gelling agent, monomer, crosslinker, and an antioxidant, these dosimeters on exposure to ionizing radiation polymerize as a function of the absorbed dose. This dose can be readout using modalities like MRI, X-ray CT, optical CT scanner, etc. Various combinations of polymer gels are presented including ones made with modifications to the present ingredients or addition of nanoparticles. The additions of nanoparticles enhance the dose for improved therapeutic efficiency. Being tissue equivalent and having good spatial resolution make it a new class of dosimeter which can replace the conventional dosimeters. The fundamental science behind the technique, gel preparation, and areas of future potential developments to improve the validation for lower dose than current fractional radiotherapy dose is also discussed.